Governing And Financing Cities In The Developing World
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Governing And Financing Cities In The Developing World
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Author : Roy W. Bahl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Governing And Financing Cities In The Developing World written by Roy W. Bahl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Municipal finance categories.
Metropolitan cities are engines of growth and modernization in developing countries. The challenge is in governing these rapidly growing urban agglomerations and financing the operating costs required to meet the needs of the people and businesses. This report explores metropolitan governance and management approaches and assesses various financing tools, including taxes and user charges. It also explores external financing, such as transfers from higher-level government, borrowing, private-public partnerships, and international assistance.
Financing Metropolitan Governments In Developing Countries
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Author : Roy W. Bahl
language : en
Publisher: Lincoln Inst of Land Policy
Release Date : 2013
Financing Metropolitan Governments In Developing Countries written by Roy W. Bahl and has been published by Lincoln Inst of Land Policy this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Political Science categories.
The economic activity that drives growth in developing countries is heavily concentrated in cities. Catchphrases such as “metropolitan areas are the engines that pull the national economy” turn out to be fairly accurate. But the same advantages of metropolitan areas that draw investment also draw migrants who need jobs and housing, lead to demands for better infrastructure and social services, and result in increased congestion, environmental harm, and social problems. The challenges for metropolitan public finance are to capture a share of the economic growth to adequately finance new and growing expenditures and to organize governance so that services can be delivered in a cost-effective way, giving the local population a voice in fiscal decision making. At the same time, care must be taken to avoid overregulation and overtaxation, which will hamper the now quite mobile economic engine of private investment and entrepreneurial initiative. Metropolitan planning has become a reality in most large urban areas, even though the planning agencies are often ineffective in moving things forward and in linking their plans with the fiscal and financial realities of metropolitan government. A growing number of success stories in metropolitan finance and management, together with accumulated experience and proper efforts and support, could be extended to a broader array of forward-looking programs to address the growing public service needs of metropolitan-area populations. Nevertheless, sweeping metropolitan-area fiscal reforms have been few and far between; the urban policy reform agenda is still a long one; and there is a reasonable prospect that closing the gaps between what we know how to do and what is actually being done will continue to be difficult and slow. This book identifies the most important issues in metropolitan governance and finance in developing countries, describes the practice, explores the gap between practice and what theory suggests should be done, and lays out the reform paths that might be considered. Part of the solution will rest in rethinking expenditure assignments and instruments of finance. The “right” approach also will depend on the flexibility of political leaders to relinquish some control in order to find a better solution to the metropolitan finance problem.
The Hidden Wealth Of Cities
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Author : Jon Kher Kaw
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2020-02-13
The Hidden Wealth Of Cities written by Jon Kher Kaw and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-13 with Business & Economics categories.
In every city, the urban spaces that form the public realm—ranging from city streets, neighborhood squares, and parks to public facilities such as libraries and markets—account for about one-third of the city’s total land area, on average. Despite this significance, the potential for these public-space assets—typically owned and managed by local governments—to transform urban life and city functioning is often overlooked for many reasons: other pressing city priorities arising from rapid urbanization, poor urban planning, and financial constraints.The resulting degradation of public spaces into congested, vehicle-centric, and polluted places often becomes a liability, creating a downward spiral that leads to a continuous drain on public resources and exacerbating various city problems. In contrast, the cities that invest in the creationof human-centered, environmentally sustainable, economically vibrant, and socially inclusive places—in partnership with government entities, communities, and other private stakeholders—perform better. They implement smart and sustainable strategies across their public spaceasset life cycles to yield returns on investment far exceeding monetary costs, ultimately enhancing city livability, resilience, and competitiveness.The Hidden Wealth of Cities: Creating, Financing, and Managing Public Spaces discussesthe complexities that surround the creation and management of successful public spaces and draws on the analyses and experiences from city case studies from around the globe. This book identifies—through the lens of asset management—a rich palette of creative and innovative strategies that every city can undertake to plan, finance, and manage both government-ownedand privately owned public spaces.
Financialising City Statecraft And Infrastructure
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Author : Andy Pike
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2019
Financialising City Statecraft And Infrastructure written by Andy Pike and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Business & Economics categories.
Financialising City Statecraft and Infrastructure addresses the struggles of national and local states to fund, finance and govern urban infrastructure. It develops fresh thinking on financialisation and city statecraft to explain the socially and spatially uneven mixing of managerial, entrepreneurial and financialised city governance in austerity and limited decentralisation across England. As urban infrastructure fixes for the London global city-region risk undermining national ‘rebalancing’ efforts in the UK, city statecraft in the rest of the country is having uneasily to combine speculation, risk-taking and prospective venturing with co-ordination, planning and regulation.
Unlocking Land Values To Finance Urban Infrastructure
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Author : George E. Peterson
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2009
Unlocking Land Values To Finance Urban Infrastructure written by George E. Peterson and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Business & Economics categories.
Land-based financing of urban infrastructure is growing in importance in the developing world. Why is it so difficult to finance urban infrastructure investment, when land values typically increase by more than the cost of investment? Unlocking Land Values to Finance Urban Infrastructure examines the theory underlying different instruments of land-based finance, such as betterment levies, developer exactions, impact fees, and the exchange of publicly owned land assets for infrastructure. It provides a wealth of case-study illustrations of how different land-based financing tools have been implemented, and the lessons learned from these experiences. This practical guide is designed to help expand the role of land-based financing in urban capital budgets in a way that strengthens urban infrastructure finance and urban land markets.
Urban Public Finance In Developing Countries
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Author : Roy W. Bahl
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1992
Urban Public Finance In Developing Countries written by Roy W. Bahl and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Business & Economics categories.
And Evaluation of Local Automotive Taxation. 8. Other Urban Taxes. Policy Objectives. Local Income Taxes. General Sales Taxes. Local Taxes on Industry, Commerce, and Professions. "Terminal" Taxes. Local Sumptuary Taxes. Entertainment Taxes. Minor Local Taxes, Licenses, and Fees. Summary and Evaluation -- Pt. III. User Charges for Urban Services. 9. Issues in Pricing Urban Services. The Efficiency Argument for User Charges. Fiscal Considerations and Full Cost Pricing. Income Distribution Considerations. The Politics and Institutions of Public Service Pricing. 10. Charging for Urban Water Services. Pricing Water Supply Services. Sewerage and Drainage. Summary. 11. Charging for Other Urban Services. Electricity and Telephone Services. Collecting and Disposing of Solid Waste. Mass Transit. Housing. Development Charges -- Pt. IV. Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations. 12. The Structure of Urban Governance. Fiscal Decentralization. The National Structure of Urban Government.
Financing Transit Oriented Development With Land Values
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Author : Hiroaki Suzuki
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2015-01-15
Financing Transit Oriented Development With Land Values written by Hiroaki Suzuki and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-15 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides cities with strategies and methodologies for applying land value capture financing schemes for capital-intensive transit and transit-related investments, based on the successful experiences of Mass Transit Railway Corporation in Hong Kong SAR, China, and Japanese railway companies in Tokyo metropolitan areas.
Governing And Financing Cities In The Developing World
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Author : Roy W. Bahl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Governing And Financing Cities In The Developing World written by Roy W. Bahl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Municipal finance categories.
This report identifies the critical issues and describes current practice, the gap between practice and theory, and potential reform paths. Two core issues are explored: how to manage complex vertical and horizontal urban governance structures, and how to raise the finances to promote efficient, equitable, and sustainable metropolitan growth. The report explores local revenue instruments, with a focus on property-based local taxes and user charges, as well as external revenue sources such as intergovernmental transfers, borrowing, public-private partnerships, and international assistance.
From Summits To Solutions
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Author : Raj M. Desai
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2018-07-24
From Summits To Solutions written by Raj M. Desai and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-24 with Business & Economics categories.
A positive agenda for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 All 193 member nations of the United Nations agreed in September 2015 to adopt a set of seventeen "Sustainable Development Goals," to be achieved by 2030. Each of the goals—in such areas as education and health care —is laudable in and of itself, and governments and organizations are working hard on them. But so far there is no overall, positive agenda of what new things need to be done to ensure the goals are achieved across all nations. In a search of fresh approaches to the longstanding problems targeted by the Sustainable Development Goals, the Japan International Cooperation Agency and the Global Economy and Development program at Brookings mounted a collaborative research effort to advance implementation of Agenda 2030. This edited volume is the product of that effort. The book approaches the UN's goals through three broad lenses. The first considers new approaches to capturing value. Examples include Nigeria's first green bonds, practical methods to expand women's economic opportunities, benchmarking to reflect business contributions to achieving the goals, new incentives for investment in infrastructure, and educational systems that promote cross-sector problem solving. The second lens entails new approaches to targeting places, including oceans, rural areas, fast-growing developing cities, and the interlocking challenge of data systems, including geospatial information generated by satellites. The third lens focuses on updating governance, broadly defined. Issues include how civil society can align with the SDG challenge; how an advanced economy like Canada can approach the goals at home and abroad; what needs to be done to foster new approaches for managing the global commons; and how can multilateral institutions for health and development finance evolve.
Cities For Citizens Improving Metropolitan Governance
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2001-12-05
Cities For Citizens Improving Metropolitan Governance written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-12-05 with categories.
Drawing on the lessons from successful and unsuccessful attempts at the reform of metropolitan governance, this book identifies ways by which central and metropolitan governments can work better to optimise the potential of each urban region.