Hierarchical Feature Learning
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Hierarchical Feature Learning
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Author : Jayanta Kumar Dutta
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Hierarchical Feature Learning written by Jayanta Kumar Dutta and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The success of many tasks depends on good feature representation which is often domain-specific and hand-crafted requiring substantial human effort. Such feature representation is not general, i.e. unsuitable for even the same task across multiple domains, let alone different tasks.To address these issues, a multilayered convergent neural architecture is presented for learning from repeating spatially and temporally coincident patterns in data at multiple levels of abstraction. The bottom-up weights in each layer are learned to encode a hierarchy of overcomplete and sparse feature dictionaries from space- and time-varying sensory data. Two algorithms are investigated: recursive layer-by-layer spherical clustering and sparse coding to learn feature hierarchies. The model scales to full-sized high-dimensional input data and to an arbitrary number of layers thereby having the capability to capture features at any level of abstraction. The model learns features that correspond to objects in higher layers and object-parts in lower layers.Learning features invariant to arbitrary transformations in the data is a requirement for any effective and efficient representation system, biological or artificial. Each layer in the proposed network is composed of simple and complex sublayers motivated by the layered organization of the primary visual cortex. When exposed to natural videos, the model develops simple and complex cell-like receptive field properties. The model can predict by learning lateral connections among the simple sublayer neurons. A topographic map to their spatial features emerges by minimizing the wiring length simultaneously with feature learning.The model is general-purpose, unsupervised and online. Operations in each layer of the model can be implemented in parallelized hardware, making it very efficient for real world applications. .
Deep Learning Essentials
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Author : Anurag Bhardwaj
language : en
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
Release Date : 2018-01-30
Deep Learning Essentials written by Anurag Bhardwaj and has been published by Packt Publishing Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-30 with Computers categories.
Get to grips with the essentials of deep learning by leveraging the power of Python Key Features Your one-stop solution to get started with the essentials of deep learning and neural network modeling Train different kinds of neural networks to tackle various problems in Natural Language Processing, computer vision, speech recognition, and more Covers popular Python libraries such as Tensorflow, Keras, and more, along with tips on training, deploying and optimizing your deep learning models in the best possible manner Book Description Deep Learning a trending topic in the field of Artificial Intelligence today and can be considered to be an advanced form of machine learning, which is quite tricky to master. This book will help you take your first steps in training efficient deep learning models and applying them in various practical scenarios. You will model, train, and deploy different kinds of neural networks such as Convolutional Neural Network, Recurrent Neural Network, and will see some of their applications in real-world domains including computer vision, natural language processing, speech recognition, and so on. You will build practical projects such as chatbots, implement reinforcement learning to build smart games, and develop expert systems for image captioning and processing. Popular Python library such as TensorFlow is used in this book to build the models. This book also covers solutions for different problems you might come across while training models, such as noisy datasets, small datasets, and more. This book does not assume any prior knowledge of deep learning. By the end of this book, you will have a firm understanding of the basics of deep learning and neural network modeling, along with their practical applications. What you will learn Get to grips with the core concepts of deep learning and neural networks Set up deep learning library such as TensorFlow Fine-tune your deep learning models for NLP and Computer Vision applications Unify different information sources, such as images, text, and speech through deep learning Optimize and fine-tune your deep learning models for better performance Train a deep reinforcement learning model that plays a game better than humans Learn how to make your models get the best out of your GPU or CPU Who this book is for Aspiring data scientists and machine learning experts who have limited or no exposure to deep learning will find this book to be very useful. If you are looking for a resource that gets you up and running with the fundamentals of deep learning and neural networks, this book is for you. As the models in the book are trained using the popular Python-based libraries such as Tensorflow and Keras, it would be useful to have sound programming knowledge of Python.
Visual And Text Sentiment Analysis Through Hierarchical Deep Learning Networks
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Author : Arindam Chaudhuri
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-04-06
Visual And Text Sentiment Analysis Through Hierarchical Deep Learning Networks written by Arindam Chaudhuri and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-06 with Computers categories.
This book presents the latest research on hierarchical deep learning for multi-modal sentiment analysis. Further, it analyses sentiments in Twitter blogs from both textual and visual content using hierarchical deep learning networks: hierarchical gated feedback recurrent neural networks (HGFRNNs). Several studies on deep learning have been conducted to date, but most of the current methods focus on either only textual content, or only visual content. In contrast, the proposed sentiment analysis model can be applied to any social blog dataset, making the book highly beneficial for postgraduate students and researchers in deep learning and sentiment analysis. The mathematical abstraction of the sentiment analysis model is presented in a very lucid manner. The complete sentiments are analysed by combining text and visual prediction results. The book’s novelty lies in its development of innovative hierarchical recurrent neural networks for analysing sentiments; stacking of multiple recurrent layers by controlling the signal flow from upper recurrent layers to lower layers through a global gating unit; evaluation of HGFRNNs with different types of recurrent units; and adaptive assignment of HGFRNN layers to different timescales. Considering the need to leverage large-scale social multimedia content for sentiment analysis, both state-of-the-art visual and textual sentiment analysis techniques are used for joint visual-textual sentiment analysis. The proposed method yields promising results from Twitter datasets that include both texts and images, which support the theoretical hypothesis.
Unsupervised Feature Learning Via Sparse Hierarchical Representations
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Author : Honglak Lee
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2010
Unsupervised Feature Learning Via Sparse Hierarchical Representations written by Honglak Lee and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Machine learning has proved a powerful tool for artificial intelligence and data mining problems. However, its success has usually relied on having a good feature representation of the data, and having a poor representation can severely limit the performance of learning algorithms. These feature representations are often hand-designed, require significant amounts of domain knowledge and human labor, and do not generalize well to new domains. To address these issues, I will present machine learning algorithms that can automatically learn good feature representations from unlabeled data in various domains, such as images, audio, text, and robotic sensors. Specifically, I will first describe how efficient sparse coding algorithms --- which represent each input example using a small number of basis vectors --- can be used to learn good low-level representations from unlabeled data. I also show that this gives feature representations that yield improved performance in many machine learning tasks. In addition, building on the deep learning framework, I will present two new algorithms, sparse deep belief networks and convolutional deep belief networks, for building more complex, hierarchical representations, in which more complex features are automatically learned as a composition of simpler ones. When applied to images, this method automatically learns features that correspond to objects and decompositions of objects into object-parts. These features often lead to performance competitive with or better than highly hand-engineered computer vision algorithms in object recognition and segmentation tasks. Further, the same algorithm can be used to learn feature representations from audio data. In particular, the learned features yield improved performance over state-of-the-art methods in several speech recognition tasks.
Learning Hierarchical Representations For Video Analysis Using Deep Learning
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Author : Yang Yang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Learning Hierarchical Representations For Video Analysis Using Deep Learning written by Yang Yang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Besides learning the low-level local features, higher level representations are further designed to be learned in the context of applications. The data-driven concept representations and sparse representation of the events are learned for complex event recognition; the representations for object body parts and structures are learned for object detection in videos; and the relational motion features and similarity metrics between video pairs are learned simultaneously for action verification. Second, in order to learn discriminative and compact features, we propose a new feature learning method using a deep neural network based on auto encoders. It differs from the existing unsupervised feature learning methods in two ways: first it optimizes both discriminative and generative properties of the features simultaneously, which gives our features a better discriminative ability. Second, our learned features are more compact, while the unsupervised feature learning methods usually learn a redundant set of over-complete features. Extensive experiments with quantitative and qualitative results on the tasks of human detection and action verification demonstrate the superiority of our proposed models.
Hierarchical Feature Selection For Knowledge Discovery
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Author : Cen Wan
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-11-29
Hierarchical Feature Selection For Knowledge Discovery written by Cen Wan and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-29 with Computers categories.
This book is the first work that systematically describes the procedure of data mining and knowledge discovery on Bioinformatics databases by using the state-of-the-art hierarchical feature selection algorithms. The novelties of this book are three-fold. To begin with, this book discusses the hierarchical feature selection in depth, which is generally a novel research area in Data Mining/Machine Learning. Seven different state-of-the-art hierarchical feature selection algorithms are discussed and evaluated by working with four types of interpretable classification algorithms (i.e. three types of Bayesian network classification algorithms and the k-nearest neighbours classification algorithm). Moreover, this book discusses the application of those hierarchical feature selection algorithms on the well-known Gene Ontology database, where the entries (terms) are hierarchically structured. Gene Ontology database that unifies the representations of gene and gene products annotation provides the resource for mining valuable knowledge about certain biological research topics, such as the Biology of Ageing. Furthermore, this book discusses the mined biological patterns by the hierarchical feature selection algorithms relevant to the ageing-associated genes. Those patterns reveal the potential ageing-associated factors that inspire future research directions for the Biology of Ageing research.
Deep Learning Using Matlab Neural Network Applications
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Author : K. Taylor
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-02-16
Deep Learning Using Matlab Neural Network Applications written by K. Taylor and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-16 with categories.
Deep learning (also known as deep structured learning, hierarchical learning or deep machine learning) is a branch of machine learning based on a set of algorithms that attempt to model high level abstractions in data. Deep learning is part of a broader family of machine learning methods based on learning representations of data. One of the promises of deep learning is replacing handcrafted features with efficient algorithms for unsupervised or semi-supervised feature learning and hierarchical feature extraction. Research in this area attempts to make better representations and create models to learn these representations from large-scale unlabeled data. Some of the representations are inspired by advances in neuroscience and are loosely based on interpretation of information processing and communication patterns in a nervous system, such as neural coding which attempts to define a relationship between various stimuli and associated neuronal responses in the brain. MATLAB has the tool Neural Network Toolbox that provides algorithms, functions, and apps to create, train, visualize, and simulate neural networks. You can perform classification, regression, clustering, dimensionality reduction, time-series forecasting, and dynamic system modeling and control. The toolbox includes convolutional neural network and autoencoder deep learning algorithms for image classification and feature learning tasks. To speed up training of large data sets, you can distribute computations and data across multicore processors, GPUs, and computer clusters using Parallel Computing Toolbox. The more important features are the following: -Deep learning, including convolutional neural networks and autoencoders -Parallel computing and GPU support for accelerating training (with Parallel Computing Toolbox) -Supervised learning algorithms, including multilayer, radial basis, learning vector quantization (LVQ), time-delay, nonlinear autoregressive (NARX), and recurrent neural network (RNN) -Unsupervised learning algorithms, including self-organizing maps and competitive layers -Apps for data-fitting, pattern recognition, and clustering -Preprocessing, postprocessing, and network visualization for improving training efficiency and assessing network performance -Simulink(R) blocks for building and evaluating neural networks and for control systems applications This book develops deep learning, including convolutional neural networks and autoencoders and other types of advanced neural networks
Hierarchical Neural Networks For Image Interpretation
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Author : Sven Behnke
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-08-21
Hierarchical Neural Networks For Image Interpretation written by Sven Behnke and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-21 with Computers categories.
Human performance in visual perception by far exceeds the performance of contemporary computer vision systems. While humans are able to perceive their environment almost instantly and reliably under a wide range of conditions, computer vision systems work well only under controlled conditions in limited domains. This book sets out to reproduce the robustness and speed of human perception by proposing a hierarchical neural network architecture for iterative image interpretation. The proposed architecture can be trained using unsupervised and supervised learning techniques. Applications of the proposed architecture are illustrated using small networks. Furthermore, several larger networks were trained to perform various nontrivial computer vision tasks.
Handbook Of Deep Learning Applications
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Author : Valentina Emilia Balas
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-25
Handbook Of Deep Learning Applications written by Valentina Emilia Balas and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents a broad range of deep-learning applications related to vision, natural language processing, gene expression, arbitrary object recognition, driverless cars, semantic image segmentation, deep visual residual abstraction, brain–computer interfaces, big data processing, hierarchical deep learning networks as game-playing artefacts using regret matching, and building GPU-accelerated deep learning frameworks. Deep learning, an advanced level of machine learning technique that combines class of learning algorithms with the use of many layers of nonlinear units, has gained considerable attention in recent times. Unlike other books on the market, this volume addresses the challenges of deep learning implementation, computation time, and the complexity of reasoning and modeling different type of data. As such, it is a valuable and comprehensive resource for engineers, researchers, graduate students and Ph.D. scholars.
Unsupervised Feature Learning Via Sparse Hierarchical Representations
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Author : Honglak Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Unsupervised Feature Learning Via Sparse Hierarchical Representations written by Honglak Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Machine learning has proved a powerful tool for artificial intelligence and data mining problems. However, its success has usually relied on having a good feature representation of the data, and having a poor representation can severely limit the performance of learning algorithms. These feature representations are often hand-designed, require significant amounts of domain knowledge and human labor, and do not generalize well to new domains. To address these issues, I will present machine learning algorithms that can automatically learn good feature representations from unlabeled data in various domains, such as images, audio, text, and robotic sensors. Specifically, I will first describe how efficient sparse coding algorithms --- which represent each input example using a small number of basis vectors --- can be used to learn good low-level representations from unlabeled data. I also show that this gives feature representations that yield improved performance in many machine learning tasks. In addition, building on the deep learning framework, I will present two new algorithms, sparse deep belief networks and convolutional deep belief networks, for building more complex, hierarchical representations, in which more complex features are automatically learned as a composition of simpler ones. When applied to images, this method automatically learns features that correspond to objects and decompositions of objects into object-parts. These features often lead to performance competitive with or better than highly hand-engineered computer vision algorithms in object recognition and segmentation tasks. Further, the same algorithm can be used to learn feature representations from audio data. In particular, the learned features yield improved performance over state-of-the-art methods in several speech recognition tasks.