Hierarchy Information And Power
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Hierarchy In Natural And Social Sciences
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Author : Denise Pumain
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-11-15
Hierarchy In Natural And Social Sciences written by Denise Pumain and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Hierarchy is a form of organisation of complex systems that rely on or produce a strong differentiation in capacity (power and size) between the parts of the system. It is frequently observed within the natural living world as well as in social institutions. According to the authors, hierarchy results from random processes, follows an intentional design, or is the result of the organisation which ensures an optimal circulation of energy for information. This book reviews ancient and modern representations and explanations of hierarchies, and compares their relevance in a variety of fields, such as language, societies, cities, and living species. It throws light on concepts and models such as scaling laws, fractals and self-organisation that are fundamental in the dynamics and morphology of complex systems. At a time when networks are celebrated for their efficiency, flexibility and better social acceptance, much can be learned about the persistent universality and adaptability of hierarchies, and from the analogies and differences between biological and social organisation and processes. This book addresses a wide audience of biologists and social scientists, as well as managers and executives in a variety of institutions.
Great Powers And International Hierarchy
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Author : Daniel McCormack
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-16
Great Powers And International Hierarchy written by Daniel McCormack and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-16 with Political Science categories.
Hierarchical relationships—rules that structure both international and domestic politics—are pervasive. Yet we know little about how these relationships are constructed, maintained, and dismantled. This book fills this lacuna through a two-pronged research approach: first, it discusses how great power negotiations over international political settlements both respond to domestic politics within weak states and structure the specific forms that hierarchy takes. Second, it deduces three sets of hypotheses about hierarchy maintenance, construction, and collapse during the post-war era. By offering a coherent theoretical model of hierarchical politics within weaker states, the author is able to answer a number of important questions, including: Why does the United States often ally with autocratic states even though its most enduring relationships are with democracies? Why do autocratic hierarchical relationships require interstate coercion? Why do some hierarchies end violently and others peacefully? Why does hierarchical competition sometimes lead to interstate conflict and sometimes to civil conflict?
Social Hierarchies Between Democracy And Autocracy
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Author : Björn Toelstede
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2020-11-04
Social Hierarchies Between Democracy And Autocracy written by Björn Toelstede and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-04 with categories.
Social hierarchies exist in democracies as well as in authoritarian societies. However, their nature is different. Democratic hierarchies are built bottom-up through election, while autocratic hierarchies are built top-down through coalition formation and domination. Both have power asymmetries between the weaker citizens and the stronger politicians, which are amplified the stronger the hierarchies are. This thesis introduces a model which combines pro-/anti-social behavior with different degrees of hierarchies which I unite in a model called the Structure-Behavior Diagram (Toelstede, 2020/1). This model has the power to categorize countries according to these criteria, and indicates when and how societies move between democracy and authoritarianism. The movements of societies in the political space of the Structure-Behavior Diagram are marked by certain patterns and dynamics. I use the path dependence theory (Toelstede, 2019/2) and examine how so-called path-creating mechanisms can emerge and influence societies to move from democracy to authoritarianism. I show that path dependency-induced dynamics can put democracies at risk and are more serious in hierarchical societies than in horizontal societies. Institutional punishment is widely seen as more stable then peer punishment. However, in political reality, institutional punishment – here in the form of policing – can be marked by over- and under-punishment as well as changes in sociality (Toelstede, 2019/1 and 2020/2). These findings show, together with hierarchy-sensitive characteristics of the path dependency, that institutional punishment and social hierarchies require more attention. Lastly, I show that most democratic societies are intuitively aware of the power asymmetries and long principal-agent chains between them and their political agents. Together, these features provide increasing benefits for an anti-social descent of the agents, although some societies are prepared to trade personal freedom for higher socio-economic welfare. They therefore strive for higher socio-economic efficiency by embracing strong governmental forms and high conformity levels. I call this efficient statism (Toelstede, 2019/2). In doing so, societies compliantly put their free and democratic order at risk.
Hierarchy
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Author : John Child
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-05-08
Hierarchy written by John Child and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-08 with Business & Economics categories.
EURAM's Book of the Year in 2020, Hierarchy takes readers on a journey which traverses how this idea has evolved, is understood in various disciplines, and is applied in practice. Referring a wide range of sources, the book provides an inspirational introduction to understanding what is perhaps the key idea in business and management. As a fundamental organizational principle, hierarchy is everywhere. Perhaps because of its ubiquity, the significance of hierarchy has become under-analyzed in view of the growing strains on society imposed by organizational inequality. This book analyzes the advantages and disadvantages that hierarchy brings as a form of organization, providing an accessible overview of this fundamental idea within both business and society. This concise book provides a useful overview of existing research, for both students and scholars of business.
Proceedings Of The 3rd International Symposium On New Energy And Electrical Technology
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Author : Wenping Cao
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-03-09
Proceedings Of The 3rd International Symposium On New Energy And Electrical Technology written by Wenping Cao and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The conference offers a forum for academic and technical communication for researchers and engineers working in the fields of energy science and technology, electrical systems, and power electronics. It conducts in-depth exchanges and discussions on pertinent subjects like new energy and electrical technology. The book aids scholars and engineers worldwide in understanding the academic development trend and expanding their lines of inquiry by disseminating the research status of cutting-edge technologies and scientific research accomplishments. It also strengthens international academic research, academic topics exchange, and discussion, and encourages the industrialization of academic achievements.
Strategic Internal Communication
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Author : David Cowan
language : en
Publisher: Kogan Page Publishers
Release Date : 2017-06-03
Strategic Internal Communication written by David Cowan and has been published by Kogan Page Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Previously restricted to cascading information and managing day-to-day conversations, internal communication is now essential to empowering employees to deliver business strategy. Strategic Internal Communication shows how to design and implement a strategy which will lead to engaged and motivated staff, increased productivity and consequently improved business performance. The book uses the author's own Dialogue Box tool designed to help companies explore more thoroughly what kinds of conversations they need to have with employees to address internal and cultural challenges. It helps transform organizations into open and transparent communities to ensure that entire workforces are committed to the overall business vision. This fully updated 2nd edition of Strategic Internal Communication includes new information on how to use Dialogue Box during times of transition and organizational change. It also gives advice on how to manage difficult conversations and avoid damaging miscommunication and misinterpretation. Supported by examples and case studies from the author's own experience, Strategic Internal Communication is an indispensable guide to creating an integrated and collaborative culture which will take your organization to the next level of success.
Environment Power And Society For The Twenty First Century
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Author : Howard Thomas Odum
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2007
Environment Power And Society For The Twenty First Century written by Howard Thomas Odum and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Science categories.
Through this method Odum reveals the similarities between human economic and social systems and the ecosystems of the natural world. In the process, we discover that our survival and prosperity are regulated as much by the laws of energetics as are systems of the physical and chemical world. Also includes information on agriculture, animals, available energy, biomass, capitalism, civilization, consumption, cycles, diversity, earth, economy, ecosystems, empower, alternative energy, environment, evolution, fossil fuels, fuels, growth, information, kinetic energy, energy laws, matter, metabolism, microcosm, models of energy systems, nations, nature, organic matter, organization, overgrowth, oxygen, photosynthesis, power, production, pulses, ratios, respiration, self organization, society, solar energy, storage, structure, sustainability, systems networks, transpiration, waste, work, yields, etc.
Knowledge Based Simulation
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Author : Paul A. Fishwick
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Knowledge Based Simulation written by Paul A. Fishwick and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Knowledge-Based Simulation: Methodology and Application represents a recent compilation of research material that reviews fundamental concepts of simulation methodology and knowledge-based simulation applications. Knowledge-based simulation represents a new and exciting bridge area linking the fields of computer simulation and artificial intelligence. This book will appeal to both theorists and practitioners who require simulation to solve complex problems. A primary attraction of the book is its emphasis on both methodology and applications. In this way, the reader can explore new methods for encoding knowledge-inten- sive information into a simulation model, and new applications that utilize these methods.
Just Hierarchy
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Author : Daniel A. Bell
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-03-03
Just Hierarchy written by Daniel A. Bell and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-03 with Philosophy categories.
A trenchant defense of hierarchy in different spheres of our lives, from the personal to the political All complex and large-scale societies are organized along certain hierarchies, but the concept of hierarchy has become almost taboo in the modern world. Just Hierarchy contends that this stigma is a mistake. In fact, as Daniel Bell and Wang Pei show, it is neither possible nor advisable to do away with social hierarchies. Drawing their arguments from Chinese thought and culture as well as other philosophies and traditions, Bell and Wang ask which forms of hierarchy are justified and how these can serve morally desirable goals. They look at ways of promoting just forms of hierarchy while minimizing the influence of unjust ones, such as those based on race, sex, or caste. Which hierarchical relations are morally justified and why? Bell and Wang argue that it depends on the nature of the social relation and context. Different hierarchical principles ought to govern different kinds of social relations: what justifies hierarchy among intimates is different from what justifies hierarchy among citizens, countries, humans and animals, and humans and intelligent machines. Morally justified hierarchies can and should govern different spheres of our social lives, though these will be very different from the unjust hierarchies that have governed us in the past. A vigorous, systematic defense of hierarchy in the modern world, Just Hierarchy examines how hierarchical social relations can have a useful purpose, not only in personal domains but also in larger political realms.
Reinventing The C Suite
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Author : Terry White
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-01-28
Reinventing The C Suite written by Terry White and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-28 with Business & Economics categories.
There is a fundamental mismatch between the way we organise our senior management teams and the way modern commerce has evolved. Wrapping finesse, technology, rules, bureaucracy, and “science” around our C-Suite conventions, designed for nineteenth-century businesses, is not nearly enough to meet the challenges of modern business environments and practices. This book is for executives who want to enable their C-Suite, and by extension their organizations, to survive and thrive into the future. It will help them to foresee future challenges and provide suggestions for new working practices at executive level to successfully adapt to those changes. How should executive teams organize themselves, reinvent their roles, and work with stakeholders to evolve and innovate? What is the role of the new C-grade executive – managers, leaders, or something else? Executives and aspiring executives will find new challenges for organizations and ways to deal with them. Forward-thinking business students will find startling ideas and practical tools for viewing business and its activities. What is the next evolution of the executive function in organizations? This book explores how we can predict it, shape it, and succeed in it.