High Energy Neutron Detector
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High Energy Neutron Detector
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Author : Clyde Edward Wiegand
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1949
High Energy Neutron Detector written by Clyde Edward Wiegand and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1949 with Neutron counters categories.
It is the purpose of this paper to describe a neutron detector suitable for monitoring a flux of neutrons whose energy is greater than about 50 Mev. Detection of the neutrons is accomplished by their ability to induce fission in heavy elements. Kelly and Wiegand studied the neutron fission of Bi, Pb, Ti, Hg, Au, and Pt at various neutron energies and the presently described counter is an application of this work.
Literature Search On Neutron Detectors
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Author : Frances L. Sachs
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1951
Literature Search On Neutron Detectors written by Frances L. Sachs and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1951 with Neutrons categories.
A Neutron Detector Having Uniform Sensitivity From 10 Kev To 3 Mev
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Author : A. O. Hanson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1947
A Neutron Detector Having Uniform Sensitivity From 10 Kev To 3 Mev written by A. O. Hanson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1947 with Neutrons categories.
Measurement Of Neutron Flux And Spectra For Physical And Biological Applications
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Author : National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1960
Measurement Of Neutron Flux And Spectra For Physical And Biological Applications written by National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1960 with Neutrons categories.
Neutron Counting And Gamma Spectroscopy With Pvt Detectors
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Neutron Counting And Gamma Spectroscopy With Pvt Detectors written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Radiation portals normally incorporate a dedicated neutron counter and a gamma-ray detector with at least some spectroscopic capability. This paper describes the design and presents characterization data for a detection system called PVT-NG, which uses large polyvinyl toluene (PVT) detectors to monitor both types of radiation. The detector material is surrounded by polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which emits high-energy gamma rays following neutron capture reactions. Assessments based on high-energy gamma rays are well suited for the detection of neutron sources, particularly in border security applications, because few isotopes in the normal stream of commerce have significant gamma ray yields above 3 MeV. Therefore, an increased count rate for high-energy gamma rays is a strong indicator for the presence of a neutron source. The sensitivity of the PVT-NG sensor to bare 252Cf is 1.9 counts per second per nanogram (cps/ng) and the sensitivity for 252Cf surrounded by 2.5 cm of polyethylene is 2.3 cps/ng. The PVT-NG sensor is a proof-of-principal sensor that was not fully optimized. The neutron detector sensitivity could be improved, for instance, by using additional moderator. The PVT-NG detectors and associated electronics are designed to provide improved resolution, gain stability, and performance at high-count rates relative to PVT detectors in typical radiation portals. As well as addressing the needs for neutron detection, these characteristics are also desirable for analysis of the gamma-ray spectra. Accurate isotope identification results were obtained despite the common impression that the absence of photopeaks makes data collected by PVT detectors unsuitable for spectroscopic analysis. The PVT detectors in the PVT-NG unit are used for both gamma-ray and neutron detection, so the sensitive volume exceeds the volume of the detection elements in portals that use dedicated components to detect each type of radiation.
Neutron Detectors
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Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1966
Neutron Detectors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Neutron counters categories.
A child speculates about sleeping next to various animals in various places other than one's own, and most desirable, warm bed.
Study Of Fission Neutron Spectra With High Energy Activation Detectors
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Author : J. A. Grundl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1963
Study Of Fission Neutron Spectra With High Energy Activation Detectors written by J. A. Grundl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1963 with Neutrons categories.
Some Neutron Detection Investigations
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Author : Carl Oliver Muehlhause
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1953
Some Neutron Detection Investigations written by Carl Oliver Muehlhause and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1953 with Neutron counters categories.
Measurement Of The High Energy Neutron Flux Above And Below Ground
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Author : Caleb Daniel Roecker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Measurement Of The High Energy Neutron Flux Above And Below Ground written by Caleb Daniel Roecker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
High-energy neutrons produce secondary particles through spallation, which create a ubiquitous and prominent background in a wide range of rare-event particle and nuclear physics experiments. Above ground, the high-energy neutron energy-dependent flux has been measured, but with significantly varying results. Below ground, only two previous measurements have succeeded in observing these neutrons, and communicated their results in a fashion useful to others. In a separate effort, a model of the neutron energy-dependent flux was previously developed for measurements below 1000 m.w.e. No comparisons to this model and the measured neutron flux have been performed. In an effort to provide new and independent measurements above and below ground, the Multiplicity and Recoil Spectrometer (MARS) was designed, constructed, and deployed to the Kimballton Underground Research Facility (KURF). MARS is a transportable 1 m^3 detector composed of plastic scintillator Gd based neutron detectors, and a lead spallation target. MARS uses neutron spallation in the lead to transform an incident high-energy neutron into many lower energy secondary neutrons. By recording the secondary neutron multiplicity over many incident neutron events, the incident neutron energy spectrum can be inferred. This multiplicity method employed by MARS represents a new approach in high-energy neutron spectroscopy, which requires a new algorithm to correct the observed signal into a neutron spectrum. A recently developed Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) inversion algorithm, with a calibrated Monte Carlo model of MARS, is used to perform this inversion. Using this new multiplicity method, MARS performed measurements at the surface of Earth and at depths of 377 meters water equivalent (m.w.e.), 540 m.w.e., and 1450 m.w.e. Due to the transportable nature of MARS, minimal detector related systematic bias exists between these measurements. The minimal bias between these measurements at multiple depths will allow for the creation of a depth-dependent predictive model of the high-energy neutron energy-dependent flux. This dissertation introduces the new multiplicity measurement approach, the MCMC inversion algorithm, the Monte Carlo model and associated calibrations, and presents results from the four measurements. Above ground, the MARS measurement results agree with most of the previous measurements in the energy range between 90 MeV and 250 MeV. Above 250 MeV the MARS results report slightly lower flux than most of the previous measurements, but are still within the spread of all previous measurements. Below ground, no direct comparison can be made to the MARS results at 377 m.w.e. The MARS result at 540 m.w.e. appears to be in rough agreement with one of the previous below ground measurements, at the one measured energy where the results overlap. At 1450 m.w.e., the MARS results shows reasonable agreement with previous simulation predictions. The rough agreement of the MARS results, at all relevant locations, with previous measurements and existing simulation where applicable, provide confidence that all MARS measurements have produced the correct high-energy neutron energy-dependent flux. Above ground, the new independent results strengthen the results of previous measurements. Below ground, the three measurements provide consistent results with minimal detector related bias between measurements due to the transportable nature of MARS, that will be used to produce a depth-dependent model of the high-energy neutron energy-dependent flux. For the rare-event particle and nuclear physics experiments affected by high-energy neutron backgrounds, this model will allow for the prediction of the high-energy neutron background at different measurement locations, a more robust instrumental design, and the ability to estimate the high-energy neutron background contribution in their final measured data; the confidence in the results of these experiments will be improved.
Neutron Dosimetry In Radiation Protection
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Author : H. Ing
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Neutron Dosimetry In Radiation Protection written by H. Ing and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Neutrons categories.