High Resolution Ab Initio Three Dimensional X Ray Diffraction Microscopy
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High Resolution Ab Initio Three Dimensional X Ray Diffraction Microscopy
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
High Resolution Ab Initio Three Dimensional X Ray Diffraction Microscopy written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Coherent X-ray diffraction microscopy is a method of imaging non-periodic isolated objects at resolutions only limited, in principle, by the largest scattering angles recorded. We demonstrate X-ray diffraction imaging with high resolution in all three dimensions, as determined by a quantitative analysis of the reconstructed volume images. These images are retrieved from the 3D diffraction data using no a priori knowledge about the shape or composition of the object, which has never before been demonstrated on a non-periodic object. We also construct 2D images of thick objects with infinite depth of focus (without loss of transverse spatial resolution). These methods can be used to image biological and materials science samples at high resolution using X-ray undulator radiation, and establishes the techniques to be used in atomic-resolution ultrafast imaging at X-ray free-electron laser sources.
High Resolution Extreme Ultraviolet Microscopy
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Author : Michael Werner Zürch
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-07
High Resolution Extreme Ultraviolet Microscopy written by Michael Werner Zürch and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-07 with Science categories.
This thesis describes novel approaches and implementation of high-resolution microscopy in the extreme ultraviolet light regime. Using coherent ultrafast laser-generated short wavelength radiation for illuminating samples allows imaging beyond the resolution of visible-light microscopes. Michael Zürch gives a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and techniques involved, starting from the laser-based frequency conversion scheme and its technical implementation as well as general considerations of diffraction-based imaging at nanoscopic spatial resolution. Experiments on digital in-line holography and coherent diffraction imaging of artificial and biologic specimens are demonstrated and discussed in this book. In the field of biologic imaging, a novel award-winning cell classification scheme and its first experimental application for identifying breast cancer cells are introduced. Finally, this book presents a newly developed technique of generating structured illumination by means of so-called optical vortex beams in the extreme ultraviolet regime and proposes its general usability for super-resolution imaging.
High Resolution Electron Microscopy
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Author : John C. H. Spence
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-09-12
High Resolution Electron Microscopy written by John C. H. Spence and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-12 with Science categories.
This new fourth edition of the standard text on atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) retains previous material on the fundamentals of electron optics and aberration correction, linear imaging theory (including wave aberrations to fifth order) with partial coherence, and multiple-scattering theory. Also preserved are updated earlier sections on practical methods, with detailed step-by-step accounts of the procedures needed to obtain the highest quality images of atoms and molecules using a modern TEM or STEM electron microscope. Applications sections have been updated - these include the semiconductor industry, superconductor research, solid state chemistry and nanoscience, and metallurgy, mineralogy, condensed matter physics, materials science and material on cryo-electron microscopy for structural biology. New or expanded sections have been added on electron holography, aberration correction, field-emission guns, imaging filters, super-resolution methods, Ptychography, Ronchigrams, tomography, image quantification and simulation, radiation damage, the measurement of electron-optical parameters, and detectors (CCD cameras, Image plates and direct-injection solid state detectors). The theory of Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and Z-contrast are treated comprehensively. Chapters are devoted to associated techniques, such as energy-loss spectroscopy, Alchemi, nanodiffraction, environmental TEM, twisty beams for magnetic imaging, and cathodoluminescence. Sources of software for image interpretation and electron-optical design are given.
High Resolution Ab Initio Three Dimensional X Ray Diffraction Microscopy Cxidb Id 15
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
High Resolution Ab Initio Three Dimensional X Ray Diffraction Microscopy Cxidb Id 15 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
The file contains 125 images corresponding to different tilts of the sample around the y axis at 1 degree intervals. Each image is the result of 4 exposures merged together. For more details see the citation.
X Ray Free Electron Laser
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Author : Kiyoshi Ueda
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2018-07-04
X Ray Free Electron Laser written by Kiyoshi Ueda and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-04 with Mathematics categories.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "X-Ray Free-Electron Laser" that was published in Applied Sciences
X Rays In Nanoscience
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Author : Jinghua Guo
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-09-22
X Rays In Nanoscience written by Jinghua Guo and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-22 with Science categories.
An up-to-date overview of the different x-ray based methods in the hot fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology, including methods for imaging nanomaterials, as well as for probing the electronic structure of nanostructured materials in order to investigate their different properties. Written by authors at one of the world's top facilities working with these methods, this monograph presents and discusses techniques and applications in the fields of x-ray scattering, spectroscopy and microscope imaging. The resulting systematic collection of these advanced tools will benefit graduate students, postdocs as well as professional researchers.
Lensless Holography Methods For Soft X Ray Resonant Coherent Imaging
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Author : Diling Zhu
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2010
Lensless Holography Methods For Soft X Ray Resonant Coherent Imaging written by Diling Zhu and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
The ability to interpret and inverse x-ray diffraction patterns from crystals has largely shaped our understanding of the structure of matter. However, structure determination of noncrystalline objects from their diffraction patterns is a much more difficult task. The dramatic increase in available coherent x-ray photon flux over the past decade has made possible a technique known as lensless coherent diffractive imaging (CDI), that addresses exactly this problem. The central question around CDI is the so-called phase problem: upon detection of the diffraction intensity, the phase information of the diffracted wave is inevitably lost. Generally, the phase problem is approached using iterative phase retrieval algorithms. Holographic methods, through interference with reference diffractions, encode the phase information directly inside the measured x-ray holograms, and are therefore able to avoid the stagnation and uniqueness problems commonly encountered by the iterative algorithms. This dissertation discusses two novel holographic methods for coherent lensless imaging using resonant soft x-rays. The first part focuses on generalizing the multiple-wavelength anomalous diffraction technique, a highly successful method for solving the crystal structures of biomacromolecules, into a multiple-wavelength holography technique for nanoscale resonant x-ray imaging. Using this method I show element specific reconstructions of nanoparticles and magnetization distribution in magnetic thin films with sub 50 nm resolution. The second part discusses progress in X-ray Fourier holography, an ultrafast lensless imaging platform that can be used with the upcoming x-ray free electron lasers. In particular, I will present experiments using two novel types of extended reference structures that bring the resolution beyond the precision of reference fabrication, previously regarded as the resolution limit for x-ray Fourier transform holography. Finally, future applications of holographic methods, especially experimental considerations for time-resolved studies of nanostructures using X-FELs, will be discussed.
Springer Handbook Of Microscopy
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Author : Peter W. Hawkes
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-02
Springer Handbook Of Microscopy written by Peter W. Hawkes and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book features reviews by leading experts on the methods and applications of modern forms of microscopy. The recent awards of Nobel Prizes awarded for super-resolution optical microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy have demonstrated the rich scientific opportunities for research in novel microscopies. Earlier Nobel Prizes for electron microscopy (the instrument itself and applications to biology), scanning probe microscopy and holography are a reminder of the central role of microscopy in modern science, from the study of nanostructures in materials science, physics and chemistry to structural biology. Separate chapters are devoted to confocal, fluorescent and related novel optical microscopies, coherent diffractive imaging, scanning probe microscopy, transmission electron microscopy in all its modes from aberration corrected and analytical to in-situ and time-resolved, low energy electron microscopy, photoelectron microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy in biology, and also ion microscopy. In addition to serving as an essential reference for researchers and teachers in the fields such as materials science, condensed matter physics, solid-state chemistry, structural biology and the molecular sciences generally, the Springer Handbook of Microscopy is a unified, coherent and pedagogically attractive text for advanced students who need an authoritative yet accessible guide to the science and practice of microscopy.
A Study On New Approaches In Coherent X Ray Microscopy Of Biological Specimens
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Author : Klaus Giewekemeyer
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Release Date : 2011
A Study On New Approaches In Coherent X Ray Microscopy Of Biological Specimens written by Klaus Giewekemeyer and has been published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
The use of coherent x rays for microscopic imaging has seen a rapid and ongoing development within the past decade, driven by an increasing availability of highly brilliant and coherent sources worldwide. Accordingly, novel methods have been developed, which replace the microscope‘s objective lens by a numerical reconstruction scheme. The aim of the present work is to study how very recent experimental and algorithmic developments in the field can be implemented towards a highly sensitive and fully quantitative microscopy method for imaging of biological cells. To this end, different experimental approaches are studied, based on coherent far-field as well as near-field diffraction. At first, an application of the novel ptychographic imaging method to single biological cells is presented. In particular, it is demonstrated how weakly scattering biological specimens can be imaged with fully quantitative density contrast. Alongside, a sueccessful extension of the method towards soft x-ray energies is described.In the second part of the work it is shown how x-ray waveguides can be used as a point source for propagation-based microscopy of single cells in the hard x-ray regime. The specifically devised iterative reconstruction scheme allows for full quantitativity and high sensitivity and thus enables an application to single biological cells. The work contains a thorough introduction into the x-ray optical methods applied and aims at a useful and self-contained overview on aspects of signal and Fourier theory relevant for the used numerical propagation schemes.
Theoretical Concepts Of X Ray Nanoscale Analysis
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Author : Andrei Benediktovich
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-09-07
Theoretical Concepts Of X Ray Nanoscale Analysis written by Andrei Benediktovich and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book provides a concise survey of modern theoretical concepts of X-ray materials analysis. The principle features of the book are: basics of X-ray scattering, interaction between X-rays and matter and new theoretical concepts of X-ray scattering. The various X-ray techniques are considered in detail: high-resolution X-ray diffraction, X-ray reflectivity, grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering and X-ray residual stress analysis. All the theoretical methods presented use the unified physical approach. This makes the book especially useful for readers learning and performing data analysis with different techniques. The theory is applicable to studies of bulk materials of all kinds, including single crystals and polycrystals as well as to surface studies under grazing incidence. The book appeals to researchers and graduate students alike.