History As A Science And The System Of The Sciences
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History As A Science And The System Of The Sciences
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Author : Thomas M. Seebohm
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-04-09
History As A Science And The System Of The Sciences written by Thomas M. Seebohm and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-09 with Philosophy categories.
This volume goes beyond presently available phenomenological analyses based on the structures and constitution of the lifeworld. It shows how the science of history is the mediator between the human and the natural sciences. It demonstrates that the distinction between interpretation and explanation does not imply a strict separation of the natural and the human sciences. Finally, it shows that the natural sciences and technology are inseparable, but that technology is one-sidedly founded in pre-scientific encounters with reality in the lifeworld. In positivism the natural sciences are sciences because they offer causal explanations testable in experiments and the humanities are human sciences only if they use methods of the natural sciences. For epistemologists following Dilthey, the human sciences presuppose interpretation and the human and natural sciences must be separated. There is phenomenology interested in psychology and the social sciences that distinguish the natural and the human sciences, but little can be found about the historical human sciences. This volume fills the gap by presenting analyses of the material foundations of the "understanding" of expressions of other persons, and of primordial recollections and expectations founding explicit expectations and predictions in the lifeworld. Next, it shows, on the basis of history as applying philological methods in interpretations of sources, the role of a universal spatio-temporal framework for reconstructions and causal explanations of "what has really happened".
The History And Heritage Of Scientific And Technological Information Systems
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Author : W. Boyd Rayward
language : en
Publisher: Information Today, Inc.
Release Date : 2004
The History And Heritage Of Scientific And Technological Information Systems written by W. Boyd Rayward and has been published by Information Today, Inc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Emphasis for the second conference on the history of information science systems was on scientific and technical information systems in the period from the Second World War up through the early 1990s. These proceedings present the papers of historians of science and technology, information scientists, and scientists in other fields on a wide range of topics: informatics in chemistry; biology and medicine; information developments in multinational, industrial, and military settings; biographical studies of pioneering individuals; and the transformation of information systems and formats in the twentieth century.
History And Philosophy Of Science And Technology Volume I
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Author : Pablo Lorenzano
language : en
Publisher: EOLSS Publications
Release Date : 2010-09-27
History And Philosophy Of Science And Technology Volume I written by Pablo Lorenzano and has been published by EOLSS Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-27 with categories.
History and Philosophy of Science and Technology is a component of Encyclopedia of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on History and Philosophy of Science and Technology in four volumes covers several topics such as: Introduction to the Philosophy of Science; The Nature and Structure of Scientific Theories Natural Science; A Short History of Molecular Biology; The Structure of the Darwinian Argument In The Origin of Species; History of Measurement Theory; Episodes of XX Century Cosmology: A Historical Approach; Philosophy of Economics; Social Sciences: Historical And Philosophical Overview of Methods And Goals; Introduction to Ethics of Science and Technology; The Ethics of Science and Technology; The Control of Nature and the Origins of The Dichotomy Between Fact And Value; Science and Empires: The Geo-Epistemic Location of Knowledge; Science and Religion; Scientific Knowledge and Religious Knowledge - Significant Epistemological Reference Points; Thing Called Philosophy of Technology; Transitions from Function-Oriented To Effect-Oriented Technologies. Some Thought on the Nature of Modern Technology; Technical Agency and Sources of Technological Pessimism These four volumes are aimed at a broad spectrum of audiences: University and College Students, Educators and Research Personnel.
Systems Science And Cybernetics Volume I
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Author : Francisco Parra-Luna
language : en
Publisher: EOLSS Publications
Release Date : 2009-10-30
Systems Science And Cybernetics Volume I written by Francisco Parra-Luna and has been published by EOLSS Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-30 with categories.
The subject “Systems sciences and cybernetics” is the outcome of the convergence of a number of trends in a larger current of thought devoted to the growing complexity of (primarily social) objects and arising in response to the need for globalized treatment of such objects. This has been magnified by the proliferation and publication of all manner of quantitative scientific data on such objects, advances in the theories on their inter-relations, the enormous computational capacity provided by IT hardware and software and the critical revisiting of subject-object interaction, not to mention the urgent need to control the efficiency of complex systems, where “efficiency” is understood to mean the ability to find a solution to many social problems, including those posed on a planetary scale. The result has been the forging of a new, academically consolidated scientific trend going by the name of Systems Theory and Cybernetics, with a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary focus and therefore apt for understanding realities still regarded to be inescapably chaotic. This subject entry is subdivided into four sections. The first, an introduction to systemic theories, addresses the historic development of the most commonly used systemic approaches, from new concepts such as the so-called “geometry of thinking” or the systemic treatment of “non-systemic identities” to the taxonomic, entropic, axiological and ethical problems deriving from a general “systemic-cybernetic” conceit. Hence, the focus in this section is on the historic and philosophical aspects of the subject. Moreover, it may be asserted today that, beyond a shadow of a doubt, problems, in particular problems deriving from human interaction but in general any problem regardless of its nature, must be posed from a systemic perspective, for otherwise the obstacles to their solution are insurmountable. Reaching such a perspective requires taking at least the following well-known steps: a) statement of the problem from the determinant variables or phenomena; b) adoption of theoretical models showing the interrelationships among such variables; c) use of the maximum amount of – wherever possible quantitative – information available on each; d) placement of the set of variables in an environment that inevitably pre-determines the problem. That epistemology would explain the substantial development of the systemic-cybernetic approach in recent decades. The articles in the second section deal in particular with the different methodological approaches developed when confronting real problems, from issues that affect humanity as a whole to minor but specific questions arising in human organizations. Certain sub-themes are discussed by the various authors – always from a didactic vantage –, including: problem discovery and diagnosis and development of the respective critical theory; the design of ad hoc strategies and methodologies; the implementation of both qualitative (soft system methodologies) and formal and quantitative (such as the “General System Problem Solver” or the “axiological-operational” perspective) approaches; cross-disciplinary integration; and suitable methods for broaching psychological, cultural and socio-political dynamisms. The third section is devoted to cybernetics in the present dual meaning of the term: on the one hand, control of the effectiveness of communication and actions, and on the other, the processes of self-production of knowledge through reflection and the relationship between the observing subject and the observed object when the latter is also observer and the former observed. Known as “second order cybernetics”, this provides an avenue for rethinking the validity of knowledge, such as for instance when viewed through what is known as “bipolar feedback”: processes through which interactions create novelty, complexity and diversity. Finally, the fourth section centres around artificial and computational intelligence, addressing sub-themes such as “neural networks”, the “simulated annealing” that ranges from statistical thermodynamics to combinatory problem-solving, such as in the explanation of the role of adaptive systems, or when discussing the relationship between biological and computational intelligence.
The Palgrave Handbook Of The History Of Human Sciences
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Author : David McCallum
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-08-27
The Palgrave Handbook Of The History Of Human Sciences written by David McCallum and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-27 with Social Science categories.
The Palgrave Handbook of the History of Human Sciences offers a uniquely comprehensive and global overview of the evolution of ideas, concepts and policies within the human sciences. Drawn from histories of the social and psychological sciences, anthropology, the history and philosophy of science, and the history of ideas, this collection analyses the health and welfare of populations, evidence of the changing nature of our local communities, cities, societies or global movements, and studies the way our humanness or ‘human nature’ undergoes shifts because of broader technological shifts or patterns of living. This Handbook serves as an authoritative reference to a vast source of representative scholarly work in interdisciplinary fields, a means of understanding patterns of social change and the conduct of institutions, as well as the histories of these ‘ways of knowing’ probe the contexts, circumstances and conditions which underpin continuity and change in the way we count, analyse and understand ourselves in our different social worlds. It reflects a critical scholarly interest in both traditional and emerging concerns on the relations between the biological and social sciences, and between these and changes and continuities in societies and conducts, as 21st century research moves into new intellectual and geographic territories, more diverse fields and global problematics.
Memoirs Of Libraries Including
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Author : Edward Edwards
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1859
Memoirs Of Libraries Including written by Edward Edwards and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1859 with categories.
The Philosophy Of History In France And Germany
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Author : Robert Flint
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1875
The Philosophy Of History In France And Germany written by Robert Flint and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1875 with France categories.
Kant And The Systematicity Of The Sciences
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Author : Gabriele Gava
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2025-04-29
Kant And The Systematicity Of The Sciences written by Gabriele Gava and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-04-29 with Philosophy categories.
This book provides the first comprehensive discussion regarding the role that Kant ascribes to systematicity in the sciences. It considers not only what Kant has to say on systematicity in general, but also how the systematicity requirement for science is specified in different fields of knowledge. The chapters are divided into three thematic sections. Part I is devoted to historical context. The chapters explore precursors of Kant’s account of the systematicity of the sciences. Part II addresses the application of systematicity to the special sciences – cosmology, physics, chemistry, logic, mathematics, the life sciences, and history. Finally, Part III explores the systematicity of philosophy. Kant and the Systematicity of the Sciences will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working on Kant and the history and philosophy of science.
The Cambridge History Of Science Volume 4 Eighteenth Century Science
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Author : David C. Lindberg
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-03-17
The Cambridge History Of Science Volume 4 Eighteenth Century Science written by David C. Lindberg and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-17 with Science categories.
The fullest and most complete survey of the development of science in the eighteenth century.
The Philosophy Of History In Europe
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Author : Robert Flint
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1874
The Philosophy Of History In Europe written by Robert Flint and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1874 with France categories.