Hormonal Contraception And Post Menopausal Hormonal Therapy
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Hormonal Contraception And Post Menopausal Hormonal Therapy
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Hormonal Contraception And Post Menopausal Hormonal Therapy written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
Combined Estrogen Progestogen Contraceptives And Combined Estrogen Progestogen Menopausal Therapy
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Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2007
Combined Estrogen Progestogen Contraceptives And Combined Estrogen Progestogen Menopausal Therapy written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Medical categories.
Oral contraceptives for family planning worldwide have revolutionized the reproductive lives of millions of women since their introduction in the 1960s. Later on, a variety of side-effects including cardiovascular diseases was recognized. In response to these concerns, new generations of combined oral contraceptives were developed that featured lower dose of estrogen and newer, more potent progestogens. The effectiveness and ease of use of combined hormonal contraceptives suggest that they will continue to be used to a significant extent in the future. This ninety-first volume of IARC Monograp.
Hormonal Contraception And Post Menopausal Hormonal Therapy
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Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
language : en
Publisher: IARC Monographs on the Evaluat
Release Date : 1999
Hormonal Contraception And Post Menopausal Hormonal Therapy written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and has been published by IARC Monographs on the Evaluat this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.
Evaluates evidence for an increased risk of cancer in women using combined oral contraceptives, progestogen-only hormonal contraceptives, post-menopausal estrogen therapy, and post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy. Although the carcinogenicity of these preparations has been extensively investigated, the book stresses the many complex methodological issues that must be considered when interpreting findings and weighing results. Evidence of an association between use of these preparations and positive effects on health, including a reduced risk of some cancers, is also critically assessed. The first and most extensive monograph evaluates evidence of an association between the use of combined oral contraceptives and cancer at nine sites. Concerning breast cancer, the evaluation concludes that, even if the association is causal, the excess risk for breast cancer associated with patterns of use that are typical today is very small. Studies of predominantly high-dose preparations found an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of hepatitis viruses. Citing these findings, the evaluation concludes that there is sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of combined oral contraceptives. The evaluation also found sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of some, but not all, combined preparations in animals. Combined oral contraceptives were classified as carcinogenic to humans. The evaluation also cites conclusive evidence that these agents have a protective effect against cancers of the ovary and endometrium. Progestogen-only contraceptives are evaluated in the second monograph, which considers the association with cancer at six sites. The evaluation found no evidence of an increased risk for breast cancer. Although the evaluation found sufficient evidence in animals for the carcinogenicity of medroxyprogesterone acetate, evidence for the carcinogenicity of progestogen-only contraceptives in humans was judged inadequate. Progestogen-only contraceptives were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The third monograph, on post-menopausal estrogen therapy, considers evidence of an association with cancer at eight sites. Findings from a large number of epidemiological studies indicate a small increase in the risk of breast cancer in women who have used these preparations for five years or more. Studies consistently show an association between use of post-menopausal estrogen therapy and an increased risk for endometrial cancer. Data on the association with other cancers were either inconclusive or suggested no effect on risk. The evaluation concludes that post-menopausal estrogen therapy is carcinogenic to humans. The final monograph evaluates the association between the use of post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy and cancer at four sites. The evaluation of limited data on breast cancer found an increased relative risk observed with long-term use. Data were judged insufficient to assess the effects of past use and of different progestogen compounds, doses, and treatment schedules. For endometrial cancer, the evaluation found an increase in risk relative to non-users when the progestogen was added to the cycle for 10 days or fewer. Post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy was classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Concerning post-menopausal therapy in general, the book notes that evidence of carcinogenic risks must be placed in perspective of potential benefits. The prevention of osteoporotic fractures is cited as the best-established benefit. Evidence also suggests that estrogen prevents heart disease and may prevent memory loss and dementia.
Hormonal Contraception And Post Menopausal Hormonal Therapy
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Author : [Anonymus AC02614385]
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Hormonal Contraception And Post Menopausal Hormonal Therapy written by [Anonymus AC02614385] and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
Estrogen Matters
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Author : Carol Tavris
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2018-09-04
Estrogen Matters written by Carol Tavris and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-04 with Health & Fitness categories.
A compelling defense of hormone replacement therapy, exposing the faulty science behind its fall from prominence and empowering women to make informed decisions about their health. For years, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was hailed as a miracle. Study after study showed that HRT, if initiated at the onset of menopause, could ease symptoms ranging from hot flashes to memory loss; reduce the risk of heart disease, Alzheimer's, osteoporosis, and some cancers; and even extend a woman's overall life expectancy. But when a large study by the Women's Health Initiative announced results showing an uptick in breast cancer among women taking HRT, the winds shifted abruptly, and HRT, officially deemed a carcinogen, was abandoned. Now, sixteen years after HRT was left for dead, Dr. Bluming, a medical oncologist, and Dr. Tavris, a social psychologist, track its strange history and present a compelling case for its resurrection. They investigate what led the public -- and much of the medical establishment -- to accept the Women's Health Initiative's often exaggerated claims, while also providing a fuller picture of the science that supports HRT. A sobering and revelatory read, Estrogen Matters sets the record straight on this beneficial treatment and provides an empowering path to wellness for women everywhere.
The Menopause And Hrt
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Author : Kathy Abernethy
language : en
Publisher: Bailliere Tindall Limited
Release Date : 1997
The Menopause And Hrt written by Kathy Abernethy and has been published by Bailliere Tindall Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Estrogen categories.
Covers the full spectrum of issues relating to the menopause, including short and intermediate term consequences such as osteoporosis; premature ovarian failure, and complete coverage of both hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and nonhormonal management approaches.
Menopause
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Author : Manuel Neves-e-Castro
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002-03-13
Menopause written by Manuel Neves-e-Castro and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-03-13 with Medical categories.
There is little doubt that quality of life can be substantially improved by hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Evidence has also accumulated concerning the effects of estrogen in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis. However, recent studies have cast some doubts about the effectiveness of HRT in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases as well as highlighting the possibility of undesirable effects in long-term use. A comprehensive clinical reference, Menopause: Hormones and Cancer examines the issues involved in the use of HRT. It presents new information on steroid receptors, estrogens and estrogen therapy, oral contraception, hormone therapies for ovarian cancer, progesterone therapy, endometrial cancer, phytoestrogens, hormone replacement therapy, estrogen receptors, neurosteroids, prophylactic oophorectomy and estrogen or testosterone implants, and the relationship between sex steroid therapy and colon cancer. The use of HRT is still relatively new and must be studied for many years before the alleged beneficial preventive effects can be seen and understood. In addition, long-term treatment, other than having the desired positive effects, also has some possible undesirable side effects that require further study. In Menopause: Hormones and Cancer top experts in the field focus on understanding the cardiovascular benefits of HRT and the long-term risks.
The Prescriber S Guide To Hormone Replacement Therapy
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Author : M.I. Whitehead
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1998-08-15
The Prescriber S Guide To Hormone Replacement Therapy written by M.I. Whitehead and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-08-15 with Medical categories.
Drawing together many of the world's foremost experts, this book provides clear and specific guidance about the prescription of hormone replacement therapy. It covers prescribing for patients with a wide range of pre-existing diseases. In each instance, expert advice is given with reference to the latest published research. There is also an overview of other key issues affecting the choice of therapy.
The Menopause Hormone Therapy And Women S Health
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
The Menopause Hormone Therapy And Women S Health written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Health & Fitness categories.
An information guide to information on the subject of menopause.
The Menopause And Hormonal Replacement Therapy
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Author : L. R. Sitruk-Ware
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
The Menopause And Hormonal Replacement Therapy written by L. R. Sitruk-Ware and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Estrogen categories.
Specialists of several disciplines address most of the controversies still prevailing on menopause and its related disorders as well as its therapeutic aspects. The contributed chapters are organized in sections dealing with considerations pertaining to the untreated menopause, the treated menopause