How China Escaped The Poverty Trap
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How China Escaped The Poverty Trap
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Author : Yuen Yuen Ang
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2016-08-03
How China Escaped The Poverty Trap written by Yuen Yuen Ang and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Mapping coevolution -- Directed improvisation -- Balancing variety and uniformity -- Franchising the bureaucracy -- From building to preserving markets -- Connecting first-movers and laggards -- Conclusion : how development actually happened beyond China
How China Escaped The Poverty Trap
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Author : Yuen Yuen Ang
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2016-09-06
How China Escaped The Poverty Trap written by Yuen Yuen Ang and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-06 with History categories.
WINNER OF THE 2017 PETER KATZENSTEIN BOOK PRIZE "BEST OF BOOKS IN 2017" BY FOREIGN AFFAIRS WINNER OF THE 2018 VIVIAN ZELIZER PRIZE BEST BOOK AWARD IN ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY "How China Escaped the Poverty Trap truly offers game-changing ideas for the analysis and implementation of socio-economic development and should have a major impact across many social sciences." ― Zelizer Best Book in Economic Sociology Prize Committee Acclaimed as "game changing" and "field shifting," How China Escaped the Poverty Trap advances a new paradigm in the political economy of development and sheds new light on China's rise. How can poor and weak societies escape poverty traps? Political economists have traditionally offered three answers: "stimulate growth first," "build good institutions first," or "some fortunate nations inherited good institutions that led to growth." Yuen Yuen Ang rejects all three schools of thought and their underlying assumptions: linear causation, a mechanistic worldview, and historical determinism. Instead, she launches a new paradigm grounded in complex adaptive systems, which embraces the reality of interdependence and humanity's capacity to innovate. Combining this original lens with more than 400 interviews with Chinese bureaucrats and entrepreneurs, Ang systematically reenacts the complex process that turned China from a communist backwater into a global juggernaut in just 35 years. Contrary to popular misconceptions, she shows that what drove China's great transformation was not centralized authoritarian control, but "directed improvisation"—top-down directions from Beijing paired with bottom-up improvisation among local officials. Her analysis reveals two broad lessons on development. First, transformative change requires an adaptive governing system that empowers ground-level actors to create new solutions for evolving problems. Second, the first step out of the poverty trap is to "use what you have"—harnessing existing resources to kick-start new markets, even if that means defying first-world norms. Bold and meticulously researched, How China Escaped the Poverty Trap opens up a whole new avenue of thinking for scholars, practitioners, and anyone seeking to build adaptive systems.
How China Escaped The Poverty Trap
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Author : Yuen Yuen Ang
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2016-08
How China Escaped The Poverty Trap written by Yuen Yuen Ang and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08 with History categories.
Before markets opened in 1978, China was an impoverished planned economy governed by a Maoist bureaucracy. In just three decades it evolved into the world's second-largest economy and is today guided by highly entrepreneurial bureaucrats. In How China Escaped the Poverty Trap, Yuen Yuen Ang explains this astonishing metamorphosis. Rather than insist that either strong institutions of good governance foster markets or that growth enables good governance, Ang lays out a new, dynamic framework for understanding development broadly. Successful development, she contends, is a coevolutionary process in which markets and governments mutually adapt. By mapping this coevolution, Ang reveals a startling conclusion: poor and weak countries can escape the poverty trap by first harnessing weak institutions—features that defy norms of good governance—to build markets. Further, she stresses that adaptive processes, though essential for development, do not automatically occur. Highlighting three universal roadblocks to adaptation, Ang identifies how Chinese reformers crafted enabling conditions for effective improvisation. How China Escaped the Poverty Trap offers the most complete synthesis to date of the numerous interacting forces that have shaped China’s dramatic makeover and the problems it faces today. Looking beyond China, Ang also traces the coevolutionary sequence of development in late medieval Europe, antebellum United States, and contemporary Nigeria, and finds surprising parallels among these otherwise disparate cases. Indispensable to all who care about development, this groundbreaking book challenges the convention of linear thinking and points to an alternative path out of poverty traps.
China S Gilded Age
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Author : Yuen Yuen Ang
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-05-28
China S Gilded Age written by Yuen Yuen Ang and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-28 with History categories.
Unbundles corruption into different types, examining corruption as access money in China through a comparative-historical lens.
How China Escaped Shock Therapy
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Author : Isabella M. Weber
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-05-26
How China Escaped Shock Therapy written by Isabella M. Weber and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-26 with Business & Economics categories.
China has become deeply integrated into the world economy. Yet, gradual marketization has facilitated the country’s rise without leading to its wholesale assimilation to global neoliberalism. This book uncovers the fierce contest about economic reforms that shaped China’s path. In the first post-Mao decade, China’s reformers were sharply divided. They agreed that China had to reform its economic system and move toward more marketization—but struggled over how to go about it. Should China destroy the core of the socialist system through shock therapy, or should it use the institutions of the planned economy as market creators? With hindsight, the historical record proves the high stakes behind the question: China embarked on an economic expansion commonly described as unprecedented in scope and pace, whereas Russia’s economy collapsed under shock therapy. Based on extensive research, including interviews with key Chinese and international participants and World Bank officials as well as insights gleaned from unpublished documents, the book charts the debate that ultimately enabled China to follow a path to gradual reindustrialization. Beyond shedding light on the crossroads of the 1980s, it reveals the intellectual foundations of state-market relations in reform-era China through a longue durée lens. Overall, the book delivers an original perspective on China’s economic model and its continuing contestations from within and from without.
The Economics Of Poverty
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Author : Martin Ravallion
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016
The Economics Of Poverty written by Martin Ravallion and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Business & Economics categories.
"An overview of the economic development of and policies intended to combat poverty around the world"--
World Development Report 2017
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Author : World Bank Group
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2017-01-23
World Development Report 2017 written by World Bank Group and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-23 with Business & Economics categories.
Why are carefully designed, sensible policies too often not adopted or implemented? When they are, why do they often fail to generate development outcomes such as security, growth, and equity? And why do some bad policies endure? World Development Report 2017: Governance and the Law addresses these fundamental questions, which are at the heart of development. Policy making and policy implementation do not occur in a vacuum. Rather, they take place in complex political and social settings, in which individuals and groups with unequal power interact within changing rules as they pursue conflicting interests. The process of these interactions is what this Report calls governance, and the space in which these interactions take place, the policy arena. The capacity of actors to commit and their willingness to cooperate and coordinate to achieve socially desirable goals are what matter for effectiveness. However, who bargains, who is excluded, and what barriers block entry to the policy arena determine the selection and implementation of policies and, consequently, their impact on development outcomes. Exclusion, capture, and clientelism are manifestations of power asymmetries that lead to failures to achieve security, growth, and equity. The distribution of power in society is partly determined by history. Yet, there is room for positive change. This Report reveals that governance can mitigate, even overcome, power asymmetries to bring about more effective policy interventions that achieve sustainable improvements in security, growth, and equity. This happens by shifting the incentives of those with power, reshaping their preferences in favor of good outcomes, and taking into account the interests of previously excluded participants. These changes can come about through bargains among elites and greater citizen engagement, as well as by international actors supporting rules that strengthen coalitions for reform.
Active Defense
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Author : M. Taylor Fravel
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-12-08
Active Defense written by M. Taylor Fravel and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-08 with History categories.
What changes in China's modern military policy reveal about military organizations and strategySince the 1949 Communist Revolution, China has devised nine different military strategies, which the People's Liberation Army (PLA) calls "strategic guidelines." What accounts for these numerous changes? Active Defense offers the first systematic look at China's military strategy from the mid-twentieth century to today. Exploring the range and intensity of threats that China has faced, M. Taylor Fravel illuminates the nation's past and present military goals and how China sought to achieve them, and offers a rich set of cases for deepening the study of change in military organizations.Drawing from diverse Chinese-language sources, including memoirs of leading generals, military histories, and document collections that have become available only in the last two decades, Fravel shows why transformations in military strategy were pursued at certain times and not others. He focuses on the military strategies adopted in 1956, 1980, and 1993-when the PLA was attempting to wage war in a new kind of way-to show that China has pursued major change in its strategic guidelines when there has been a significant shift in the conduct of warfare in the international system and when China's Communist Party has been united.Delving into the security threats China has faced over the last seven decades, Active Defense offers a detailed investigation into how and why states alter their defense policies.
Rural China Takes Off
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Author : Jean C. Oi
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1999-05-17
Rural China Takes Off written by Jean C. Oi and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-05-17 with History categories.
"A distinctive and important contribution."—Thomas P. Bernstein, author of Up to the Mountains and Down to the Villages
China S Crony Capitalism
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Author : Minxin Pei
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2016-10-03
China S Crony Capitalism written by Minxin Pei and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-03 with History categories.
China’s efforts to modernize yielded a kleptocracy characterized by corruption, wealth inequality, and social tensions. Rejecting conventional platitudes about the resilience of Party rule, Minxin Pei gathers unambiguous evidence that beneath China’s facade of ever-expanding prosperity and power lies a Leninist state in an advanced stage of decay.