How Does Growth Affect Everyday Corruption
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How Does Growth Affect Everyday Corruption
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Author : Amit Ahuja
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
How Does Growth Affect Everyday Corruption written by Amit Ahuja and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Economic growth's effects on government efforts to combat citizen-facing, public-service corruption varies in a puzzling way across services. Over two high-growth decades in India, those services undergoing the largest increases in demand, and therefore in rent-extraction opportunities, saw more robust anti-corruption reforms than did services experiencing weaker or even negative demand growth. In this paper, the authors build theoretical models that can explain why growth induced the state to more aggressively shut down its fastest-growing rent opportunities. They show that the net effect of growth on anti-corruption efforts in a service depends upon the balance of three growth-induced outcomes - two negative and one positive. Exit of richer, high-voice citizens from the service reduces public pressure for reforms, while entry of poorer low-voice citizens enhances opportunities for rent extraction without increasing accountability. Conversely, growth empowers existing service users to demand anti-corruption reforms. The balance between exit, entry and empowerment forces explains why growth leads government to clean up corruption in services that the middle classes and rich continue to use, and concentrates corruption in the services they leave behind. By inducing stronger anticorruption efforts in the services used by richer citizens, growth makes everyday corruption more of a “tax on the poor”. We illustrate how growth disproportionately empowered richer citizens to successfully demand reforms by analyzing changes to the passport service and the railway reservation system. We also validate the model's main mechanisms statistically through a case study of India's rural elementary schools, where anti-corruption reforms have lagged. These results suggest that designing services to discourage exit by their richer users could help to harness the anti-corruption benefits of growth for the rest. - Keywords: Corruption, Economic Growth, Public Services, Voice, Exit, Entry, Anti-corruption reforms, Accountability, State Institutions, Passport issuance, Railway Reservation, Teacher Absenteeism. - JEL Codes: H11, H42, D73, O12, O17.
The Impact Of Corruption On Development And Economic Performance
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Author : Daniel Detzer
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2010-07
The Impact Of Corruption On Development And Economic Performance written by Daniel Detzer and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,0, Berlin School of Economics (Global Governance), language: English, abstract: During the last decades, corruption became an important topic. About twenty years ago the issue started to gain increasing attention. Different Organization engage in the fight against corruption. This is a remarkable change compared to the situation before the 1990s. Back then, most people did not see it as a pressing problem. Actually, it was more seen as an integral part of doing business. Most European countries allowed for tax deductibility of bribes. Even the World Bank, not constricted by such national concerns, was avoiding the topic. The changed perception of corruption has manifold reasons. Foremost, the geopolitical situation changed remarkably. During the cold war, governments, despite their corruptness, were supported to make sure they were not joining the communist bloc. After the end of this ideological competition, the imperative to tolerate and not to address issues like corruption and abuse of political power ceased to exist. Last, but not less important, the USA, not constraint by geopolitical considerations, had economic interest to put the topic on the agenda. While for US-companies bribing abroad was forbidden, most other developed countries used graft to initiate business abroad. Therefore, the US had a special interest to push for anti-corruption laws to level the playing field for its companies. From a western normative and moral point of view this fight against corruption on the international level seems to be a desirable development. However, if those were the only reasons for this crusade, it could be misperceived as another example of the imposition of rules from the Global North on the Global South. Then again, if corruption has negative impacts, other than moral concerns, it would legitimize this movement. Prevailing corruption might influence the development and e
The Effects Of Corruptionon Growth Investment And Government Expenditure
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Author : Mr.Paolo Mauro
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1996-09-01
The Effects Of Corruptionon Growth Investment And Government Expenditure written by Mr.Paolo Mauro and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-09-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper discusses the possible causes and consequences of corruption. It provides a synthetic review of recent studies that analyze this phenomenon empirically. In addition, it presents further results on the effects of corruption on growth and investment, and new cross-country evidence on the link between corruption and the composition of government expenditure.
Corruption And Poverty
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Author : M.L. Narasaiah
language : en
Publisher: Discovery Publishing House
Release Date : 2005
Corruption And Poverty written by M.L. Narasaiah and has been published by Discovery Publishing House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Political corruption categories.
Everyday the community is being stunned as reports of irregular partices compete for press headlines. The impression is that bribary and corruption, is one form or another in both extensive and increasing; although systematic statistics in this area are rare for obvious reasons. What is corruption? This list of possibilities is extensive. It starts with the outright bribary of government officials and the more ambiguous question of political contributions; then there are a whole range of activities that could be considered to some degree corrupt covering such things as the misuse of company assets for political favours, kickbacks and production money for the police, payola to disc jockeys, sympathetic features articles in return for advertising revenue, free revenue, free junkets for MP s and journalists, secret, price-fixing agreement, obtaining parts in films for reasons not wholly related to acting ability, insider dealing of various kinds, as well as improper use of the old boy network. All these forms of behaviour have one thing in common. They are attempts to influence the outcome of a decision where the nature of that influence is not made public. Essentially the practices are nothing more or less than the abuse of power. There are several reasons for this spread of corrupt practices. First the concentration of power in larger and larger units; particularly when combined with rapid growth where the channels of accountability are underdeveloped. It is also widespread in mature Societies where highly developed networks attempt to preserve the status-quo and further their vested interests.
The Effects Of Corruption On Growth Investment And Government Expenditure
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Author : Paolo Mauro
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
The Effects Of Corruption On Growth Investment And Government Expenditure written by Paolo Mauro and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
This paper discusses the possible causes and consequences of corruption. It provides a synthetic review of recent studies that analyze this phenomenon empirically. In addition, it presents further results on the effects of corruption on growth and investment, and new cross-country evidence on the link between corruption and the composition of government expenditure.
Corruption And Government
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Author : Susan Rose-Ackerman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2016-03-07
Corruption And Government written by Susan Rose-Ackerman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-07 with Business & Economics categories.
This new edition of a 1999 classic shows how institutionalized corruption can be fought through sophisticated political-economic reform.
Are Corruption And Taxation Really Harmful To Growth
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Author : Raymond Fisman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Are Corruption And Taxation Really Harmful To Growth written by Raymond Fisman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Bribery categories.
Evidence from Uganda confirms that corruption retards development even more than taxation does.
Corruption Around The World
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Author : Mr.Vito Tanzi
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1998-05-01
Corruption Around The World written by Mr.Vito Tanzi and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-05-01 with Social Science categories.
Corruption is attracting a lot of attention around the world. The paper surveys and discusses issues related to the causes, consequences, and scope of corruption and possible corrective actions. It emphasizes the costs of corruption in terms of economic growth. It also emphasizes that the fight against corruption may not be cheap and cannot be independent from the reform of the state. If certain reforms are not made, corruption is likely to continue to be a problem regardless of actions directly aimed at curtailing it.
How Does Corruption Hurt Growth
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Author : Marcos Fernandes Gonçalves da Silva
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
How Does Corruption Hurt Growth written by Marcos Fernandes Gonçalves da Silva and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Political corruption categories.
The Impact Of Corruption On Growth And Development
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Author : JClaude Germain
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-09-22
The Impact Of Corruption On Growth And Development written by JClaude Germain and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-22 with categories.
Corruption is a complex and global phenomenon that has been prevalent in both public and private sectors. It occurs in all countries, developed as well as developing, rich and poor, but its impact varies depending on the country's culture, institutions, and stage of economic development. This study investigates the effects of corruption on growth and development at the global level and a country-specific level.Contrary to the belief that corruption "greases the wheels" of the world's economies, the study finds that corruption "sands the wheels" of economies instead. It hinders economic growth and development , leads to weak governance, impedes governments' ability to implement policies conducive to growth and development, negatively impacts economic performance by lowering productivity of the factors of production, and encourages tax evasion, which lowers governments' revenues.The study also examines the causes and consequences of corruption, and the measures adopted to mitigate the negative effects of corruption at the global and domestic levels, especially the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), and the Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative (StAR).