How Einstein Found His Field Equations
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How Einstein Found His Field Equations
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Author : Michel Janssen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-07-29
How Einstein Found His Field Equations written by Michel Janssen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-29 with Science categories.
Einstein's field equations of gravitation are a core element of his general theory of relativity. In four short communications to the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin in November 1015, we can follow the final steps toward these equations and the resulting theory's spectacular success in accounting for the anomalous motion of Mercury's perihelion. This source book provides an expert guide to these four groundbreaking papers. Following an introductory essay placing these papers in the context of the development of Einstein's theory, it presents and analyzes, in addition to the four papers of November 1915, a careful selection of (critical excerpts from) papers, letters, and manuscripts documenting the path that early on led Einstein to the field equations of the first November 1915 paper, but then took a turn away from them only to lead back to them in the end. Drawing on extensive research at the Einstein Papers Project and the Max Planck Institute for History of Science, this volume traces the intricate interplay between considerations of physics and considerations of mathematics that guided Einstein along this path. It thus presents a concise yet authoritative account of how Einstein found his field equations, affording readers who are prepared to immerse themselves in these intricacies a unique glimpse of Einstein at work at the height of his creative prowess. Highlights of this journey in Einstein's footsteps include the crucial pages (with detailed annotation) from the Zurich Notebook, the record of Einstein's early search for field equation with his mathematician friend Marcel Grossmann, and the Einstein-Besso manuscript, documenting Einstein's attempts with his friend and confidant Michele Besso to explain the Mercury anomaly on the basis of the equations that he and Grossmann had eventually settled on in the Zurich Notebook.
Exact Solutions Of Einstein S Field Equations
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Author : Hans Stephani
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-09-24
Exact Solutions Of Einstein S Field Equations written by Hans Stephani and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-24 with Science categories.
A paperback edition of a classic text, this book gives a unique survey of the known solutions of Einstein's field equations for vacuum, Einstein-Maxwell, pure radiation and perfect fluid sources. It introduces the foundations of differential geometry and Riemannian geometry and the methods used to characterize, find or construct solutions. The solutions are then considered, ordered by their symmetry group, their algebraic structure (Petrov type) or other invariant properties such as special subspaces or tensor fields and embedding properties. Includes all the developments in the field since the first edition and contains six completely new chapters, covering topics including generation methods and their application, colliding waves, classification of metrics by invariants and treatments of homothetic motions. This book is an important resource for graduates and researchers in relativity, theoretical physics, astrophysics and mathematics. It can also be used as an introductory text on some mathematical aspects of general relativity.
Einstein S Field Equations And Their Physical Implications
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Author : Bernd G. Schmidt
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-01-11
Einstein S Field Equations And Their Physical Implications written by Bernd G. Schmidt and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-11 with Mathematics categories.
This book serves two purposes. The authors present important aspects of modern research on the mathematical structure of Einstein's field equations and they show how to extract their physical content from them by mathematically exact methods. The essays are devoted to exact solutions and to the Cauchy problem of the field equations as well as to post-Newtonian approximations that have direct physical implications. Further topics concern quantum gravity and optics in gravitational fields. The book addresses researchers in relativity and differential geometry but can also be used as additional reading material for graduate students.
The Genesis Of General Relativity
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Author : Jürgen Renn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-06-17
The Genesis Of General Relativity written by Jürgen Renn and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06-17 with Science categories.
This four-volume work represents the most comprehensive documentation and study of the creation of general relativity. Einstein’s 1912 Zurich notebook is published for the first time in facsimile and transcript and commented on by today’s major historians of science. Additional sources from Einstein and others, who from the late 19th to the early 20th century contributed to this monumental development, are presented here in translation for the first time. The volumes offer detailed commentaries and analyses of these sources that are based on a close reading of these documents supplemented by interpretations by the leading historians of relativity.
The Einstein Equations And The Large Scale Behavior Of Gravitational Fields
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Author : Piotr T. Chrusciel
language : en
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Einstein Equations And The Large Scale Behavior Of Gravitational Fields written by Piotr T. Chrusciel and has been published by Birkhäuser this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The book presents state-of-the-art results on the analysis of the Einstein equations and the large scale structure of their solutions. It combines in a unique way introductory chapters and surveys of various aspects of the analysis of the Einstein equations in the large. It discusses applications of the Einstein equations in geometrical studies and the physical interpretation of their solutions. Open problems concerning analytical and numerical aspects of the Einstein equations are pointed out. Background material on techniques in PDE theory, differential geometry, and causal theory is provided.
The Cambridge Companion To Einstein
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Author : Michel Janssen
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-05-19
The Cambridge Companion To Einstein written by Michel Janssen and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-19 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
These fourteen essays by leading historians and philosophers of science introduce the reader to the work of Albert Einstein. Following an introduction that places Einstein's work in the context of his life and times, the essays explain his main contributions to physics in terms that are accessible to a general audience, including special and general relativity, quantum physics, statistical physics, and unified field theory. The closing essays explore the relation between Einstein's work and twentieth-century philosophy, as well as his political writings.
Exact Space Times In Einstein S General Relativity
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Author : Jerry B. Griffiths
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-10-15
Exact Space Times In Einstein S General Relativity written by Jerry B. Griffiths and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-15 with Science categories.
Einstein's theory of general relativity is a theory of gravity and, as in the earlier Newtonian theory, much can be learnt about the character of gravitation and its effects by investigating particular idealised examples. This book describes the basic solutions of Einstein's equations with a particular emphasis on what they mean, both geometrically and physically. Concepts such as big bang and big crunch-types of singularities, different kinds of horizons and gravitational waves, are described in the context of the particular space-times in which they naturally arise. These notions are initially introduced using the most simple and symmetric cases. Various important coordinate forms of each solution are presented, thus enabling the global structure of the corresponding space-time and its other properties to be analysed. The book is an invaluable resource both for graduate students and academic researchers working in gravitational physics.
How Einstein Found His Field Equations 1912 1915
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Author : John Norton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
How Einstein Found His Field Equations 1912 1915 written by John Norton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Physics categories.
Traveling At The Speed Of Thought
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Author : Daniel Kennefick
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2016-03-29
Traveling At The Speed Of Thought written by Daniel Kennefick and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-29 with Science categories.
Since Einstein first described them nearly a century ago, gravitational waves have been the subject of more sustained controversy than perhaps any other phenomenon in physics. These as yet undetected fluctuations in the shape of space-time were first predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity, but only now, at the dawn of the twenty-first century, are we on the brink of finally observing them. Daniel Kennefick's landmark book takes readers through the theoretical controversies and thorny debates that raged around the subject of gravitational waves after the publication of Einstein's theory. The previously untold story of how we arrived at a settled theory of gravitational waves includes a stellar cast from the front ranks of twentieth-century physics, including Richard Feynman, Hermann Bondi, John Wheeler, Kip Thorne, and Einstein himself, who on two occasions avowed that gravitational waves do not exist, changing his mind both times. The book derives its title from a famously skeptical comment made by Arthur Stanley Eddington in 1922--namely, that "gravitational waves propagate at the speed of thought." Kennefick uses the title metaphorically to contrast the individual brilliance of each of the physicists grappling with gravitational-wave theory against the frustratingly slow progression of the field as a whole. Accessibly written and impeccably researched, this book sheds new light on the trials and conflicts that have led to the extraordinary position in which we find ourselves today--poised to bring the story of gravitational waves full circle by directly confirming their existence for the very first time.
Einstein From B To Z
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Author : John Stachel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-12-10
Einstein From B To Z written by John Stachel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-12-10 with Science categories.
John Stachel, the author of this collection of 37 published and unpublished articles on Albert Einstein, has written about Einstein and his work for over 40 years. Trained as a theoretical physicist specializing in the theory of relativity, he was chosen as the founding editor of The Collected papers of Albert Einstein 25 years ago, and is currently Director of the Boston University Center for Einstein Studies. Based on a detailed study of documentary evidence, much of which was newly discovered in the course of his work, Stachel debunks many of the old (and some new) myths about Einstein and offers novel insight into his life and work. Throughout the volume, a new, more human picture of Einstein is offered to replace the plaster saint of popular legend. In particular, a youthful Einstein emerges from the obscurity that previously shrouded his early years, and much new light is shed on the origins of the special and general theories of relativity. Also discussed in some detail are Einstein's troubled relationship with his first wife, his friendships with other physicists such as Eddington, Bose, and Pauli, and his Jewish identity. The essays are grouped thematically into the following areas: * The Human Side * Editing the Einstein Papers * Surveys of Einstein's Work * Special Relativity * General Relativity * Quantum Theory * Einstein and Other Scientists * Book Reviews Because the essays are independent of one another, readers will be able to dip into this collection to satisfy varying interests. It will be of particular interest to historians of 20th century science, working physicists, and students, as well as to the many members of the general reading public who continue to be fascinated by aspects of Einstein's life and work.