How Institutions Matter For Local Development
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How Institutions Matter For Local Development
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Author : Marsela Dauti
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
How Institutions Matter For Local Development written by Marsela Dauti and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Electronic dissertations categories.
The fundamental role of institutions in development is well established in the literature. However, trajectories of institutional change are poorly understood. Why do changes in formal institutions result in positive consequences for social and economic development in some contexts but fail in others? To address this question, this study examines institutional change processes and outcomes in three Albanian communities - Kuçova, Kala e Dodës, and Saranda - that are characterized by different trajectories of institutional change. Kuçova is characterized by an effective enforcement of formal rules introduced with decentralization; Kala e Dodës is characterized by an effective enforcement of informal rules; and Saranda is characterized by neither effective formal rules, nor longstanding and robust informal rules. Drawing on field observation, semi-structured interviews, and archival research, this study shows that trajectories of institutional change are shaped by institutional legacy, privatization processes, and local leadership. Another concern of this study is to understand the outcomes of participatory decisionmaking. It examines the outcomes of promoting citizen participation in decision making in a context where participation did not emerge from the community but rather was promoted by municipal leaders. Drawing on field observation and semi-structured interviews with local officials and community members, this study shows that a top-down approach to participation has led to more informed and trustful citizens, but not empowered citizens capable of holding local leaders accountable. Several conclusions can be drawn from this study to promote greater participation in decision making in contexts characterized by distrustful relationships between local officials and community members. First, local officials should take a leading role in mobilizing community members to participate in decision making. Second, local officials should be well-prepared when participating in meetings and keep community members informed on local government affairs. Third, local development projects promoting citizen participation in decision making should be long term. The expectation is that decentralization will promote greater participation of community members in formal organizations, such as public hearing and commissions. What happens in a context that lacks a tradition of democratic participation? Do community members take advantage of the opportunities introduced with decentralization? This study did not find any evidence to support the theoretical expectation that decentralization promotes greater participation of citizens in decision making. Findings shed light on several barriers to participation, such as the lack of confidence in the local government and the expectation that local officials should organize community-based initiatives. This study also focuses on the everyday practices of community members in accessing municipal services and interacting with local officials. How do community members hold their viii representatives accountable? What are their experiences in accessing municipal services? Based on field observation conducted in the municipality of Kuçova and Saranda, this study sheds light on the problems that community members face in accessing municipal services in a context characterized by clientelistic accountability. Findings indicate that social and economic status, access to information, and legal knowledge shape perceptions and experiences accessing municipal services. This study contributes to institutional theory by explaining institutional change processes and outcomes in three communities that are characterized by different trajectories of institutional change. Besides its contribution to institutional theory, this study has policy and practical implications. A better understanding of institutional change processes could help policymakers supporting the development of communities transitioning from centralized to decentralized governance. Findings also inform the work of social work practitioners and more generally development practitioners seeking to improve the access of community members to municipal services and design evidence-based interventions that are tailored to community needs.
Local Governance Economic Development And Institutions
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Author : G. Gomez
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-08
Local Governance Economic Development And Institutions written by G. Gomez and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-08 with Social Science categories.
'Development' is what most people see as progress in the places where they live and in the ways they live. It has to do with public services, the ways to complain when these are not delivered properly, and the spaces to change power structures. It is related to the economy, the opportunities to access a secure job, a sustainable livelihood and increased welfare while caring for the planet and others. It is also linked to the institutions that allow people to live life well, using resources ethically and doing business responsibly in relation to other communities and future generations. This edited collection examines the interconnections between local governance, economic development and institutions, by focusing on what initiatives work and under what conditions they do so. Based on a variety of theories and empirical data, it presents evidence from current experiences around the world, revealed by researchers across different continents and several generations.
How Institutions Matter
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Author : Joel Gehman
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2016-12-21
How Institutions Matter written by Joel Gehman and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-21 with Business & Economics categories.
This double volume presents a collection of 23 papers on how institutions matter to socio-economic life. The effort was seeded by the 2015 Alberta Institutions Conference, which brought together 108 participants from 14 countries and 51 different institutions.
Do Institutions Matter
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Author : R. Kent Weaver
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2010-12-01
Do Institutions Matter written by R. Kent Weaver and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-01 with Political Science categories.
As a stunning tide of democratization sweeps across much of the world, countries must cope with increasing problems of economic development, political and social integration, and greater public demand of scarce resources. That ability to respond effectively to these issues depends largely on the institutional choices of each of these newly democratizing countries. With critics of national political institutions in the United States arguing that the American separation-of-powers system promotes ineffectiveness and policy deadlock, many question whether these countries should emulate American institutions or choose parliamentary institutions instead. The essays in this book fully examine whether parliamentary government is superior to the separation-of-powers system through a direct comparison of the two. In addressing specific policy areas—such as innovation and implementation of energy policies after the oil shocks of 1970, management of societal cleavages, setting of government priorities in budgeting, representation of diffuse interest in environmental policy, and management of defense forces—the authors define capabilities that allow governments to respond to policy problems. Do Institutions Matter? includes case studies that bear important evidence on when and how institutions influence government effectiveness. The authors discover a widespread variation among parliamentary systems both in institutional arrangements and in governmental capabilities, and find that many of the failings of policy performance commonly attributed to American political institutions are in fact widely shared among western industrial countries. Moreover, they show how American political institutions inhibit some government capabilities while enhancing others. Changing American institutions to improve some aspects of governmental performance could hurt other widely valued capabilities. The authors draw important guidelines for institutional reformers wh
Schools And Urban Revitalization
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Author : Kelly L. Patterson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Schools And Urban Revitalization written by Kelly L. Patterson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Education categories.
"New research in community development shows that institutions matter. Where the private sector disinvests from the inner city, public and nonprofit institutions step in and provide engines to economic revitalization and promote greater equity in society. Schools and Urban Revitalization collects emerging research in this field, with special interest in new school-neighborhood partnerships that lead today's most vibrant policy responses to urban blight. Adapted from a recent issue of Community Development, Patterson and Silverman collect some of the emerging literature on anchor institutions like schools, universities, churches and cultural centers, and offer a new paradigm for neighbourhood revitalization, exploring its advantages and challenges. While many scholars have come to criticize the "meds and eds" model of organizing around schools and hospitals, the essays show the unique role public schools play in urban revitalization. With case studies from across the United States, including large and mid-sized cities, Schools and Urban Revitalization shows the vital role that schools play in bridging citizens to larger institutions, and more importantly, connecting disenfranchised residents to society."--
How Informal Institutions Matter
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Author : Zeki Sarigil
language : en
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Release Date : 2023-09-19
How Informal Institutions Matter written by Zeki Sarigil and has been published by University of Michigan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-19 with Political Science categories.
In How Informal Institutions Matter, Zeki Sarigil examines the role of informal institutions in sociopolitical life and addresses the following questions: Why and how do informal institutions emerge? To ask this differently, why do agents still create or resort to informal institutions despite the presence of formal institutional rules and regulations? How do informal institutions matter? What roles do they play in sociopolitical life? How can we classify informal institutions? What novel types of informal institutions can we identify and explain? How do informal institutions interact with formal institutions? How do they shape formal institutional rules, mechanisms, and outcomes? Finally, how do existing informal institutions change? What factors might trigger informal institutional change? In order to answer these questions, Sarigil examines several empirical cases of informal institution as derived from various issue areas in the Turkish sociopolitical context (i.e., civil law, conflict resolution, minority rights, and local governance) and from multiple levels (i.e., national and local).
Why Institutions Matter
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Author : Vivien Lowndes
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2013-05-24
Why Institutions Matter written by Vivien Lowndes and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-24 with Political Science categories.
This important new text provides a broad-ranging introduction to the 'new' institutional theories which have become increasingly influential in recent years and gives an assessment of their application and utility in political analysis.
Dilemmas Of Regional And Local Development
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Author : Jerzy Bański
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-02-13
Dilemmas Of Regional And Local Development written by Jerzy Bański and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-13 with Political Science categories.
Dilemmas of Regional and Local Development aims to identify, diagnose and evaluate various approaches towards regional and local socio-economic development. Over the course of the book, authors from 12 countries and four continents come together to review experiences and solutions related to regional development in a range of different economic, social and political systems. The first part of the volume focuses on the fundamentals of planning regional and local development, particularly focusing on theoretical solutions and development policy concepts. The second part is more applied, looking at practical instruments and solutions for shaping the local economy, and analysing effective development policy. This book will be of interest to economics, geography, politics, and planning scholars and researchers working on regional sciences and local development.
The Handbook Of Economic Development And Institutions
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Author : Jean-Marie Baland
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-01-21
The Handbook Of Economic Development And Institutions written by Jean-Marie Baland and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-21 with Business & Economics categories.
"The essential role institutions play in understanding economic development has long been recognised and has been closely studied across the social sciences but some of the most high profile work has been done by economists many of whom are included in this collection covering a wide range of topics including the relationship between institutions and growth, educational systems, the role of the media and the intersection between traditional systems of patronage and political institutions. Each chapter covers the frontier research in its area and points to new areas of research and is the product of extensive workshopping and editing. The editors have also written an excellent introduction which brings together the key themes of the handbook. The list of contributors is stellar (Steven Durlauf, Throsten Beck, Bob Allen,and includes a diverse mix of Western and non Western, male and female scholars)"
Schools And Urban Revitalization
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Author : Kelly L. Patterson
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-10-08
Schools And Urban Revitalization written by Kelly L. Patterson and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-08 with Architecture categories.
New research in community development shows that institutions matter. Where the private sector disinvests from the inner city, public and nonprofit institutions step in and provide engines to economic revitalization and promote greater equity in society. Schools and Urban Revitalization collects emerging research in this field, with special interest in new school-neighborhood partnerships that lead today’s most vibrant policy responses to urban blight.