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How Many Languages Do We Need


How Many Languages Do We Need
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How Many Languages Do We Need


How Many Languages Do We Need
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Author : Victor Ginsburgh
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2011-04-04

How Many Languages Do We Need written by Victor Ginsburgh and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-04 with Business & Economics categories.


In the global economy, linguistic diversity influences economic and political development as well as public policies in positive and negative ways. It leads to financial costs, communication barriers, divisions in national unity, and, in some extreme cases, conflicts and war--but it also produces benefits related to group and individual identity. What are the specific advantages and disadvantages of linguistic diversity and how does it influence social and economic progress? This book examines linguistic diversity as a global social phenomenon and considers what degree of linguistic variety might result in the greatest economic good. Victor Ginsburgh and Shlomo Weber look at linguistic proximity between groups and between languages. They describe and use simple economic, linguistic, and statistical tools to measure diversity's impact on growth, development, trade, the quality of institutions, translation issues, voting patterns in multinational competitions, and the likelihood and intensity of civil conflicts. They address the choosing of core languages in a multilingual community, such as the European Union, and argue that although too many official languages might harm cohesiveness, efficiency, and communication, reducing their number brings about alienation and disenfranchisement of groups. Demonstrating that the value and drawbacks of linguistic diversity are universal, How Many Languages Do We Need? suggests ways for designing appropriate linguistic policies for today's multilingual world.



The Way Of The Linguist


The Way Of The Linguist
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Author : Steve Kaufmann
language : en
Publisher: AuthorHouse
Release Date : 2005-11

The Way Of The Linguist written by Steve Kaufmann and has been published by AuthorHouse this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11 with Education categories.


The Way of The Linguist, A language learning odyssey. It is now a cliché that the world is a smaller place. We think nothing of jumping on a plane to travel to another country or continent. The most exotic locations are now destinations for mass tourism. Small business people are dealing across frontiers and language barriers like never before. The Internet brings different languages and cultures to our finger-tips. English, the hybrid language of an island at the western extremity of Europe seems to have an unrivalled position as an international medium of communication. But historically periods of cultural and economic domination have never lasted forever. Do we not lose something by relying on the wide spread use of English rather than discovering other languages and cultures? As citizens of this shrunken world, would we not be better off if we were able to speak a few languages other than our own? The answer is obviously yes. Certainly Steve Kaufmann thinks so, and in his busy life as a diplomat and businessman he managed to learn to speak nine languages fluently and observe first hand some of the dominant cultures of Europe and Asia. Why do not more people do the same? In his book The Way of The Linguist, A language learning odyssey, Steve offers some answers. Steve feels anyone can learn a language if they want to. He points out some of the obstacles that hold people back. Drawing on his adventures in Europe and Asia, as a student and businessman, he describes the rewards that come from knowing languages. He relates his evolution as a language learner, abroad and back in his native Canada and explains the kind of attitude that will enable others to achieve second language fluency. Many people have taken on the challenge of language learning but have been frustrated by their lack of success. This book offers detailed advice on the kind of study practices that will achieve language breakthroughs. Steve has developed a language learning system available online at: www.thelinguist.com.



Health Care Reform Consumer Issues Regulation Of Health Plans Private Insurance Industry Serial No 103 89


Health Care Reform Consumer Issues Regulation Of Health Plans Private Insurance Industry Serial No 103 89
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994

Health Care Reform Consumer Issues Regulation Of Health Plans Private Insurance Industry Serial No 103 89 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Health care reform categories.




Health Care Reform


Health Care Reform
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994

Health Care Reform written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Business & Economics categories.




English As A Global Language


English As A Global Language
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Author : David Crystal
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-07-28

English As A Global Language written by David Crystal and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-07-28 with Foreign Language Study categories.


David Crystal, world authority on the English language, presents a lively and factual account of the rise of English as a global language and explores the whys and wherefores of the history, current status and future potential of English as the international language of communication. English has been lauded as the most 'successful' language ever, with 1,500 million speakers worldwide; but Crystal avoids taking sides and tells the story in a measured but engaging way, backed by facts and figures. This new edition of his classic book includes new material (on the vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation of New Englishes), footnotes, new tables, and a full bibliography. There are updates throughout. This is a book for anyone of any nationality concerned with English: teachers, students, language professionals, politicians, general readers and anyone with a love of the language.



Words Of Wonder


Words Of Wonder
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Author : Nicholas Evans
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2022-06-02

Words Of Wonder written by Nicholas Evans and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-02 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.


A gripping and moving text which explores the wealth of human language diversity, how deeply it matters, and how we can best turn the tide of language endangerment In the new, thoroughly revised second edition of Words of Wonder: Endangered Languages and What They Tell Us, Second Edition (formerly called Dying Words: Endangered Languages and What They Have to Tell Us), renowned scholar Nicholas Evans delivers an accessible and incisive text covering the impact of mass language endangerment. The distinguished author explores issues surrounding the preservation of indigenous languages, including the best and most effective ways to respond to the challenge of recording and documenting fragile oral traditions while they’re still with us. This latest edition offers an entirely new chapter on new developments in language revitalisation, including the impact of technology on language archiving, the use of social media, and autodocumentation by speakers. It also includes a number of new sections on how recent developments in language documentation give us a fuller picture of human linguistic diversity. Seeking to answer the question of why widespread linguistic diversity exists in the first place, the book weaves in portraits of individual “last speakers” and anecdotes about linguists and their discoveries. It provides access to a companion website with sound files and embedded video clips of various languages mentioned in the text. It also offers: A thorough introduction to the astonishing diversity of the world’s languages Comprehensive exploration of how the study of living languages can help us understand deep human history, including the decipherment of unknown texts in ancient languages Discussions of the intertwining of language, culture and thought, including both fieldwork and experimental studies An introduction to the dazzling beauty and variety of oral literature across a range of endangered languages In-depth examinations of the transformative effect of new technology on language documentation and revitalisation Perfect for undergraduate and graduate students studying language endangerment and preservation and for any reader who wants to discover what the full diversity of the world’s languages has to teach us, Words of Wonder: Endangered Languages and What They Tell Us, Second Edition, will earn a place in the libraries of linguistics, anthropology, and sociology scholars with a professional or personal interest in endangered languages and in the full wealth of the world’s languages.



Dying Words


Dying Words
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Author : Nicholas Evans
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-08-17

Dying Words written by Nicholas Evans and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-17 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.


The next century will see more than half of the world’s 6,000 languages become extinct, and most of these will disappear without being adequately recorded. Written by one of the leading figures in language documentation, this fascinating book explores what humanity stands to lose as a result. Explores the unique philosophy, knowledge, and cultural assumptions of languages, and their impact on our collective intellectual heritage Questions why such linguistic diversity exists in the first place, and how can we can best respond to the challenge of recording and documenting these fragile oral traditions while they are still with us Written by one of the leading figures in language documentation, and draws on a wealth of vivid examples from his own field experience Brings conceptual issues vividly to life by weaving in portraits of individual ‘last speakers’ and anecdotes about linguists and their discoveries



The Ministry Of Justice S Language Service Contract


The Ministry Of Justice S Language Service Contract
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Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Committee of Public Accounts
language : en
Publisher: The Stationery Office
Release Date : 2012-12-14

The Ministry Of Justice S Language Service Contract written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Committee of Public Accounts and has been published by The Stationery Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-14 with Law categories.


Before January 2012, the Ministry generally booked interpretation services directly with individual interpreters, many of whom were listed on the National Register of Public Service Interpreters (NRPSI). This approach was administratively inefficient and the Ministry decided to set up a new centralised procurement system. The Ministry awarded the contract to a company, ALS, that was clearly incapable of delivering. Despite having been warned that ALS was too small to shoulder a contract worth more than £1 million, it went ahead and handed them an annual £42 million national contract. The Ministry did not understand its own basic requirements and ignored the views of interpreters, who had serious concerns about the contract. Capita took over ALS in late 2011. The Ministry needed access to 1,200 interpreters when the contract went live but the company had only 280 properly assessed interpreters willing to work for it. The Ministry, though, still decided to go live nationally in one go. Many of the 'interpreters' it thought were available had simply registered an interest on the company's website and had been subject to no official checks. As a result, the company was able to meet only 58% of bookings causing a sharp rise in delayed, postponed and abandoned trials; individuals being kept on remand solely because no interpreter was available; and the quality of interpreters has at times been appalling. However Capita has only been fined £2,200 to date for failing to meet the terms of the contract. Capita-ALS is now fulfilling more bookings, but it is still struggling



The Open Mobile Alliance


The Open Mobile Alliance
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Author : Michael Brenner
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-02-28

The Open Mobile Alliance written by Michael Brenner and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-28 with Computers categories.


A practical overview of OMA specifications and how they enable mobile multimedia services & much more ...! The Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) is an industry forum, which develops open specifications to help in the creation of applications and services to be deployed over converged networks. The alliance is the leading industry forum for generating market-driven specifications for interoperable mobile service enablers that facilitate global user adoptions of mobile multimedia services. Members include traditional wireless industry segments, such as mobile operators mobile operators (e.g. AT&T, China Mobile, Orange, Sprint Nextel, T-Mobile, Telefonica, Vodafone), equipment and mobile systems manufacturers (e.g. Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, Philips, Samsung, Siemens, Sony-Ericsson), and Information Technology vendors (e.g. BEA Systems, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle Corporation, Sun Microsystems and NEC). Since its formation in 2002, the OMA has made significant progress in areas such as push-to-talk over cellular, device management, presence and group management, and messaging. The Open Mobile Alliance: Provides a comprehensive overview of the service enablers published by the OMA, tying together all the different piece parts developed by the individual working groups Offers a thorough introduction to the OMA Service Environments (OSE) and the specification process for enabling technologies. Discusses enablers for services such as gaming, IMS, Parlay, mobile broadcast and web services. Contains contributions from all stakeholders in the mobile application value chain. The Open Mobile Alliance Alliance is an invaluable resource for OMA members, product managers, network architects and planners, standards managers, standards engineers and IT professionals. Advanced Students and lecturers on mobile application development and standardization courses will also find this book of interest."The success of OMA is due to its individual members' contributions, and this book is testament to their hard work. The individual members' efforts and the authors of this book are to be congratulated on their magnificent achievements." Mark Cataldo, Senior Advisor, Orange SA, OMA Technical Plenary Chairman



Myp English Language Acquisition Phase 4


Myp English Language Acquisition Phase 4
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Author : Kevin Morley
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press - Children
Release Date : 2017-07-27

Myp English Language Acquisition Phase 4 written by Kevin Morley and has been published by Oxford University Press - Children this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-27 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.


Refine, progress and perfect English acquisition. Preparing MYP learners to step into IB Diploma English B with confidence, this text connects relevant learning material and objectives to the MYP curriculum framework structure. An inquiry-based approach enables reflection, questioning and critical thought, fully in line with the MYP approach. Build the high levels of English fluency central to student success in IB Diploma English B Connect learning material and objectives with the MYP curriculum structure Facilitate inquiry-based learning that drives reflection on big picture questions as students develop language skills Frame English language learning within the context of key and related concepts, statements of inquiry, global contexts and approaches to learning Prepare learners for assessment with practice and guidance directly mapped to the MYP assessment objectives Develop confident language learners who are ready to progress, with practice that leads students confidently towards IB Diploma Mapped to the most current MYP curriculum framework