How Russia Became A Market Economy
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How Russia Became A Market Economy
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Author : Anders Åslund
language : en
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
Release Date : 1995
How Russia Became A Market Economy written by Anders Åslund and has been published by Transaction Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Russia (Federation) categories.
This book provides the most detailed and insightful assessment to date of the Russian transformation from a socialist economy to a market economy. As a longtime specialist on the Soviet economy and an economic adviser to the Russian government during most of this period, Aslund analyzes the original intentions of the government, what they were to accomplish, and why they fell short. According to Aslund, the Russian transformation has not been too quick, as many maintain, but rather too slow.
How Russia Became A Market Economy
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Author : Anders Aslund
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2011-10-01
How Russia Became A Market Economy written by Anders Aslund and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The breakup of the Soviet Union and the attempted transformation of Russia into a democracy and a market economy constitute one of the most significant events of our time. A transformation could hardly be greater, yet judgments vary from failure to substantial achievement. This book clarifies that Russia has actually become a market economy. Anders Aslund provides the most detailed and insightful assessment to date of the Russian transformation from a socialist economy to a market economy. His account covers the period from the formation of the Russian reform government in November 1991 through the autumn of 1994. He discusses the preconditions of economic reform, the formation of a reform program, relations with other former Soviet republics, liberalization, macroeconomic stabilization, and privatization. The final chapter evaluates the transformation. As a longtime specialist on the Soviet economy and an economic adviser to the Russian government during most of this period, Aslund analyzes the original intentions of the government, what they were able to accomplish, and why they fell short. The book's general conclusion is that the greater the speed, consistency, and determination, the more impressive the results. The main threat to the reform process was the resistance from the state enterprise managers, who wanted to enrich themselves at the expense of the state. The reformers could only win if they acted swiftly and firmly. According to Aslund, the Russian transformation has not been too quick, as many maintain, but rather too slow.
Incentives And Institutions
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Author : Serguey Braguinsky
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2021-02-09
Incentives And Institutions written by Serguey Braguinsky and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-09 with Business & Economics categories.
Here, for the first time, two of Russia's leading economists provide an authoritative analysis of the transition to a democratic market economy that has taken place in Russia since 1990. Serguey Braguinsky, a Russian economist with extensive international experience, and Grigory Yavlinsky, leader of the liberal "Yabloko" party and a major public figure in Russia, focus on the institutions that are critical to a successful transition and the economic incentives needed to make these institutions work. Finally, they discuss in detail the specific components of the economic processes that are necessary for economic transition in general and they draw lessons that can be applied to other nations dealing with similar transitions. In 1989, Grigory Yavlinsky became a member of the Commission for Economic Reform and wrote the groundbreaking "500 Day Plan," which outlined the first program of transition to a market economy. Two years later, he co-wrote the program of strategic cooperation between the Soviet government and the West (known as the "Grand Bargain"). Here he and Serguey Braguinsky examine what went wrong with the Russian plan--and what is needed to put the economy back on the road to becoming a fully functioning market economy. The first section of the book presents a new interpretation of the political economy of the socialist state and the incentives and institutions that underpin it, with an emphasis on the present Russian situation. The second part deals with the political economy of "spontaneous transition" and the inefficiencies inherent in economies that lack the organizations and institutions that inhere in established Western democratic economies. In the final section, the authors present a program of actions to put the economic transition in Russia back on track, based on their assessment of the actual current state of both the economy and the government. Their approach is unique in emphasizing organizational evolution at the microeconomic level instead of stressing macroeconomic issues such as money and inflation that are at the heart of most arguments. This is a thoughtful and thought-provoking book and one that will be widely discussed and debated.
How Ukraine Became A Market Economy And Democracy
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Author : Anders Åslund
language : en
Publisher: Peterson Institute
Release Date : 2009
How Ukraine Became A Market Economy And Democracy written by Anders Åslund and has been published by Peterson Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
State And Evolution
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Author : Yegor Gaidar
language : en
Publisher: University of Washington Press
Release Date : 2011-11-15
State And Evolution written by Yegor Gaidar and has been published by University of Washington Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-15 with History categories.
�What was the revolution of the 1990s for Russia?� writes Yegor Gaidar. �Was it a hard but salutary road toward the creation of a workable democracy with workable markets, a way for Russia to develop and survive in the twenty-first century? Or was it the prologue to another closed, stultified regime marching to the music of old myths and anthems?� Few are as well-equipped to consider this matter as Gaidar, noted Russian economist and prime minister during Boris Yeltsin�s early years as post-Soviet Russia�s leader. He is also a student of the socioeconomic history of his country, which he traces in the book with skill and insight. Both Eastern and Western influences are examined in light of Russia�s particular challenges and choices over the years and the kinds of institutions it developed as a result. The author focuses on comparing attitudes toward private property and the persistence of Eastern forms of landownership. He sees Marx�s concept of the �Asiatic mode of production� as unfortunately still reflecting Russian realities. Gaidar�s interesting analysis of Western development offers a perspective on private ownership of property in relation to government ownership that explains a lot about the evolution of socioeconomic and political systems East and West. �If our country begins yet another cycle of privatization of authority and office,� concludes the author, �it will shut itself off from the First World. If we can open up this socioeconomic space, if we can let liberal democratic evolution take its course, then Russia will have every chance in the world to take its rightful place among twenty-first-century civilizations.� State and Evolution was published in Russia in 1994. The English edition includes a new preface discussing the significance of events since that time.
Russia S Market Economy
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Author : Stefan Hedlund
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2002-11-01
Russia S Market Economy written by Stefan Hedlund and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-11-01 with Political Science categories.
Russia's Market Economy is a seminal account of Russia's transition to the market, its tortuous development as a fledgling market economy through the 1990s, right through to its spectacular collapse in August 1998. Rather than beginning with the economic collapse, the book traces the historical mismanagement of Russian wealth through to the Soviet command economy, and on to Gorbachev. Stefan Hedlund finally discusses what lessons should be learned from the damage inflicted on the Russian economy, as well as its social, legal and political infrastructure, by the race of reform.
How Capitalism Was Built
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Author : Anders Åslund
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
How Capitalism Was Built written by Anders Åslund and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Capitalism categories.
"Anders Åslund is known for making bold predictions, which initially arouse controversy but become common wisdom a few years later. He foresaw the collapse of the Soviet Union in his book Gorbachev's Struggle for Economic Reform (1989). He depicted the success of Russia's market transformation in How Russia Became a Market Economy (1995), when others saw little but chaos. After Russia's financial crisis of 1998, ijlund insisted that Russia had no choice but to adjust to the world market (Building Capitalism, 2002), although most observers declared the market economic experiment a failure. - Why did not Russia choose Chinese gradual reforms? - Why are the former Soviet countries growing much faster than the Central European economies? - How did the oligarchs arise? - Where are the postcommunist countries heading? These are just some of the questions answered in his new book How Capitalism Was Built which tells the story how all but three of twenty-one former communist countries were transformed into market economies from 1989 to 2011, but less than half of them became democracies. Anybody who wants to understand the often confusing dramas unfolding in the region and to obtain an early insight into the future will find this book useful and intellectually stimulating"--
Russia S Crony Capitalism
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Author : Anders Aslund
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2019-05-23
Russia S Crony Capitalism written by Anders Aslund and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-23 with History categories.
A penetrating look into the extreme plutocracy Vladimir Putin has created and its implications for Russia’s future This insightful study explores how the economic system Vladimir Putin has developed in Russia works to consolidate control over the country. By appointing his close associates as heads of state enterprises and by giving control of the FSB and the judiciary to his friends from the KGB, he has enriched his business friends from Saint Petersburg with preferential government deals. Thus, Putin has created a super wealthy and loyal plutocracy that owes its existence to authoritarianism. Much of this wealth has been hidden in offshore havens in the United States and the United Kingdom, where companies with anonymous owners and black money transfers are allowed to thrive. Though beneficial to a select few, this system has left Russia’s economy in untenable stagnation, which Putin has tried to mask through military might.
Kremlin Capitalism
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Author : Joseph R. Blasi
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2018-10-18
Kremlin Capitalism written by Joseph R. Blasi and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-18 with Political Science categories.
The first book to describe Russia's massive economic transformation for an American audience, Kremlin Capitalism provides a wealth of data and analyses not previously available in this country. The authors articulate the political and economic goals of Russian privatization, examine the current ownership of the largest enterprises in Russia, and chart the serious problem of corporate governance in the new private businesses. Kremlin Capitalism is based on the only continuous study of Russian privatization throughout the Russian Federation from 1992 to the present. The authors tracked down the story of the transition in the cities, towns, and villages of fifty of Russia's eighty-nine provinces, updating their findings after the June 1996 election. The result is an up-to-the-minute report of the largest property transfer in history and an analysis of one of this century's most significant economic transformations. The volume also characterizes the position of workers in terms of unemployment, wages, union power, and their changing role as employee shareholders.What really happened when Russia privatized its economy? The Kremlin brokered the initial struggle among different interest groups eager to claim a portion of Russian property: workers, managers, the Mafia, the old Soviet bureaucracy, regular citizens, entrepreneurs, Russian banks, and foreigners. While competing with one another, all struggled to free themselves from seventy years of Communist economic culture. Four years after the process began, have large companies learned to offer goods and services profitably and pay dividends to shareholders? Individual stories come alive as the book explores problems Russians face in structuring a new economic system, defining the ownership and governance of thousands of corporations one by one. Russian economic practices are being forged in the heat of fierce political struggles between resurgent Communists and nationalists and old Soviet managers, on the one hand, and more liberal elements of its infant democratic system on the other. Whether a few big conglomerates and the powerful banks and holding companies from Soviet days will dominate the new Russian economy to the exclusion of most citizens remains to be seen.Many questions persist. How will billions of dollars of capital be raised to retool, restructure, and reorient the heart and soul of Russia's economy? Will open stock markets stimulate a new economic order or will that new order be imposed through strong state supports and subsidies? What role will be played by shadowy conglomerates that are trying to shape a disorganized economy into something resembling the old Soviet system? The authors note the paradox of a capitalism conceived, designed, implemented, and evaluated by the Kremlin when one aim of reform is to allow market forces to play freely. Kremlin Capitalism asks whether rapid privatization has catalyzed or complicated the transition to a more liberal political and economic system, a question that will reverberate for decades.
How Capitalism Was Built
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Author : Anders Aslund
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-11-12
How Capitalism Was Built written by Anders Aslund and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Anders Åslund is known to make bold predictions that initially arouse controversy but soon become common wisdom. In his book Gorbachev's Struggle for Economic Reform (1989), he foresaw the collapse of the Soviet political and economic system. When others saw little but chaos, he depicted the success of Russia's market transformation in How Russia Became a Market Economy (1995). After Russia's financial crisis of 1998, although most observers declared the market economic experiment a failure, Åslund foresaw market economic success (Building Capitalism, 2002). In How Capitalism Was Built, Second Edition, he asks - and answers in depth for the twenty-one countries he investigates: • Why did communism collapse? • Why did Russia not choose gradual reforms like China did? • Wherein lies the relative success of postcommunist transformation? • How did the oligarchs arise and decline vis-...-vis authoritarian leaders? Anyone who wants to understand the often confusing postcommunist dramas and to obtain an early insight into the future will find this intellectually stimulating book useful. The second edition includes updates to each chapter as well as new chapters on the impact of the global financial crisis and the European Union on the region.