Human Biology And Social Inequality
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Human Biology And Social Inequality
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Author : Simon Slade Strickland
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1998-05-28
Human Biology And Social Inequality written by Simon Slade Strickland and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-05-28 with Family & Relationships categories.
Measures of biological variation have long been associated with many indices of social inequality. Data on health, nutrition, fertility, mortality, physical fitness, intellectual performance and a range of heritable biological markers show the ubiquity of such patterns across time, space and population. This volume reviews the current evidence for the strength of such linkages and the biological and social mechanisms that underlie them. A major theme is the relationship between the proximate determinants of these linkages and their longer-term significance for biologically selective social mobility. This book therefore addresses the question of how social stratification mediates processes of natural selection in human groups. Data like this pose difficult and sensitive issues for health policy and developments in this area and in eugenics are reviewed for industrialised and developing countries.
The Biological Consequences Of Socioeconomic Inequalities
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Author : Barbara Wolfe
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2012-11-09
The Biological Consequences Of Socioeconomic Inequalities written by Barbara Wolfe and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-09 with Political Science categories.
Social scientists have repeatedly uncovered a disturbing feature of economic inequality: people with larger incomes and better education tend to lead longer, healthier lives. This pattern holds across all ages and for virtually all measures of health, apparently indicating a biological dimension of inequality. But scholars have only begun to understand the complex mechanisms that drive this disparity. How exactly do financial well-being and human physiology interact? The Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities incorporates insights from the social and biological sciences to quantify the biology of disadvantage and to assess how poverty gets under the skin to impact health. Drawing from unusually rich datasets of biomarkers, brain scans, and socioeconomic measures, Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities illustrates exciting new paths to understanding social inequalities in health. Barbara Wolfe, William N. Evans and Nancy Adler begin the volume with a critical evaluation of the literature on income and health, providing a lucid review of the difficulties of establishing clear causal pathways between the two variables. In their chapter, Arun S. Karlamangla, Tara L. Gruenewald, and Teresa E. Seeman outline the potential of biomarkers—such as cholesterol, heart pressure, and C-reactive protein—to assess and indicate the factors underlying health. Edith Chen, Hannah M. C. Schreier, and Meanne Chan reveal the empirical power of biomarkers by examining asthma, a condition steeply correlated with socioeconomic status. Their analysis shows how stress at the individual, family, and neighborhood levels can increase the incidence of asthma. The volume then turns to cognitive neuroscience, using biomarkers in a new way to examine the impact of poverty on brain development. Jamie Hanson, Nicole Hair, Amitabh Chandra, Ed Moss, Jay Bhattacharya, Seth D. Pollack, and Barbara Wolfe use a longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) study of children between the ages of four and eighteen to study the link between poverty and limited cognition among children. Michelle C. Carlson, Christopher L. Seplaki, and Teresa E. Seeman also focus on brain development to examine the role of socioeconomic status in cognitive decline among older adults. Featuring insights from the biological and social sciences, Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities will be an essential resource for scholars interested in socioeconomic disparities and the biological imprint that material deprivation leaves on the human body.
The Biological Consequences Of Socioeconomic Inequalities
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Author : Barbara Wolfe
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2012-11-09
The Biological Consequences Of Socioeconomic Inequalities written by Barbara Wolfe and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-09 with Political Science categories.
Social scientists have repeatedly uncovered a disturbing feature of economic inequality: people with larger incomes and better education tend to lead longer, healthier lives. This pattern holds across all ages and for virtually all measures of health, apparently indicating a biological dimension of inequality. But scholars have only begun to understand the complex mechanisms that drive this disparity. How exactly do financial well-being and human physiology interact? The Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities incorporates insights from the social and biological sciences to quantify the biology of disadvantage and to assess how poverty gets under the skin to impact health. Drawing from unusually rich datasets of biomarkers, brain scans, and socioeconomic measures, Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities illustrates exciting new paths to understanding social inequalities in health. Barbara Wolfe, William N. Evans and Nancy Adler begin the volume with a critical evaluation of the literature on income and health, providing a lucid review of the difficulties of establishing clear causal pathways between the two variables. In their chapter, Arun S. Karlamangla, Tara L. Gruenewald, and Teresa E. Seeman outline the potential of biomarkers—such as cholesterol, heart pressure, and C-reactive protein—to assess and indicate the factors underlying health. Edith Chen, Hannah M. C. Schreier, and Meanne Chan reveal the empirical power of biomarkers by examining asthma, a condition steeply correlated with socioeconomic status. Their analysis shows how stress at the individual, family, and neighborhood levels can increase the incidence of asthma. The volume then turns to cognitive neuroscience, using biomarkers in a new way to examine the impact of poverty on brain development. Jamie Hanson, Nicole Hair, Amitabh Chandra, Ed Moss, Jay Bhattacharya, Seth D. Pollack, and Barbara Wolfe use a longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) study of children between the ages of four and eighteen to study the link between poverty and limited cognition among children. Michelle C. Carlson, Christopher L. Seplaki, and Teresa E. Seeman also focus on brain development to examine the role of socioeconomic status in cognitive decline among older adults. Featuring insights from the biological and social sciences, Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities will be an essential resource for scholars interested in socioeconomic disparities and the biological imprint that material deprivation leaves on the human body.
The Oxford Handbook Of Economics And Human Biology
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Author : Dr. John Komlos
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-05-25
The Oxford Handbook Of Economics And Human Biology written by Dr. John Komlos and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-25 with Business & Economics categories.
The Oxford Handbook of Economics and Human Biology provides an extensive and insightful overview of how economic conditions affect human well-being and how human health influences economic outcomes. Among the topics explored are how variations in height, whether over time, among different socio-economic groups, and in different locations, are important indicators of changes in economic growth and economic development, levels of economic inequality, and economic opportunities for individuals. The book covers a broad geographic range: Africa, Latin and North America, Asia, and Europe. Its temporal scope ranges from the late Iron Age to the present. Taking advantage of recent improvements in data and economic methods, the book also explores how humans' biological conditions influence and are influenced by their economic circumstances, including poverty. Among the issues addressed are how height, body mass index (BMI), and obesity can affect and are affected by productivity, wages, and wealth. How family environment affects health and well-being is examined, as is the importance of both pre-birth and early childhood conditions for subsequent economic outcomes. Reflecting this dynamic and expanding area of research, the volume shows that well-being is a salient aspect of economics, and the new toolkit of evidence from biological living standards enhances understanding of industrialization, commercialization, income distribution, the organization of health care, social status, and the redistributive state affect such human attributes as physical stature, weight, and the obesity epidemic in historical and contemporary populations.
Social Inequalities In Health In Nonhuman Primates
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Author : Carol A. Shively
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-20
Social Inequalities In Health In Nonhuman Primates written by Carol A. Shively and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-20 with Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive look at nonhuman primate social inequalities as models for health differences associated with socioeconomic status in humans. The benefit of the socially-housed monkey model is that it provides the complexity of hierarchical structure and rank affiliation, i.e. both negative and positive aspects of social status. At the same time, nonhuman primates are more amenable to controlled experiments and more invasive studies that can be used in human beings to examine the effects of low status on brain development, neuroendocrine function, immunity, and eating behavior. Because all of these biological and behavioral substrates form the underpinnings of human illness, and are likely shared among primates, the nonhuman primate model can significantly advance our understanding of the best interventions in humans.
Health And Inequality
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Author : Kate Pickett
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Health And Inequality written by Kate Pickett and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Discrimination in medical care categories.
Some groups of people are healthier than others. Overwhelmingly, for almost all kinds of morbidity and mortality, groups at the bottom of the social scale are less healthy than those at the top. But this simple observation describes a complex phenomenon that has become a major focus of research, teaching, intervention, and public policy and has led to recognition of the stark power of social determinants of population health. Why are poorer, less educated, lower-class groups less healthy than others? If inequalities in health are largely due to the social inequalities among people and their feelings about their position in relation to other people, then policies that encourage a more egalitarian society may be needed to close the health gap. The theme of Volume IV is the social and political ecology of health and the biology and psychology of human sensitivity to the social environment. An essential work of reference for both scholars and practitioners hoping to understand (and mitigate or remove) inequalities in health.
Social Stratification And Socioeconomic Inequality
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Author : Lee Ellis
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1993
Social Stratification And Socioeconomic Inequality written by Lee Ellis and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Education categories.
This is the second volume of a two volume work on biosocial approaches to social stratification and human inequality. The volume considers linkages between gender and stratification; between neurohormonal variables and status; and between health, reproduction, and social status. The contributors explore topics that environmentalists shun, and discuss how the effect of biological variables on social stratification may have evolutionary consequences.
Science And The Question Of Human Equality
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Author : Margaret S Collins
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-06-21
Science And The Question Of Human Equality written by Margaret S Collins and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-21 with Social Science categories.
This book provides an interdisciplinary look at racism and science, investigating the biological and social realities of individual and group differences. The contributors examine race and racial distinctions, environmental versus genetic contributions to IQ and to cognitive skill level, the impact of biocultural interactions on behavior, and the problems of achieving an objective appraisal of inter- and intragroup differences in humans. They also consider a possible model for cultural and biological evolution, recommending a careful selection of models and methods of approach for sciences concerned with the study of man. The book includes recent findings in the area of race and IQ, documents instances of racism and classism, and analyzes factors underlying these phenomena.
Insights Into Social Inequality
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Author : Dr Ralph Grossmann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-05-20
Insights Into Social Inequality written by Dr Ralph Grossmann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-20 with categories.
This work examines social inequalities in a diachronic and multivariate approach based on burial grounds in Southwestern Germany.
The Nature Of Difference
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Author : George Ellison
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-04-19
The Nature Of Difference written by George Ellison and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-19 with Social Science categories.
Unprecedented advances in genetics and biotechnology have brought profound new insights into human biological variation. These present challenges and opportunities for understanding the origins of human nature, the nature of difference, and the social practices these sustain. This provides an opportunity for cooperation between the biological and social sciences – one that is capable of prompting a synergistic exchange of ideas with far-reaching implications. The Nature of Differencecritically analyses biological explanations for morality, criminality, race, sexuality, and disability. Based on the 45th annual symposium of the Society for the Study of Human Biology, this work synthesizes the perspectives of established experts in the field of human biology with those studying the social meanings of human biological variation and scientific practices in human biological research. Some questions addressed by The Nature of Difference: · Is there a biological basis for morality, criminality, witchcraft, sexuality or disability? · What do comparisons of humans and apes tell us about society? · How do people draw on scientific methods to justify racism? · Why do geneticists continue to use racial categories in their research? · Do ethical guidelines constrain or facilitate research into human biology? · Can science and society escape from biological determinism? As biotechnology expands the frontiers of what we know and what we are able to do, and as the genomic revolution moves out of the laboratory and into our daily lives, we are faced with a number of pressing social issues that need to be resolved. Offering an unparalleled collection of multidisciplinary perspectives on the meanings of biological diversity, this book provides readers with a vibrant analysis which revisits these issues with deepened insight from contrasting yet complementary perspectives.