Hydrological Forecasting With Radar And The Probability Distributed Hydrological Model Pdm
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Hydrological Forecasting With Radar And The Probability Distributed Hydrological Model Pdm
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Author : Gbotemi Abraham Adediran
language : en
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
Release Date : 2015-07-01
Hydrological Forecasting With Radar And The Probability Distributed Hydrological Model Pdm written by Gbotemi Abraham Adediran and has been published by Universal-Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-01 with categories.
The efficiency of a probabilistic hydrological forecasting system with weather radar and the Probability distributed hydrological model (PDM) was evaluated at the Brue catchment; south-western England. The ability of the radar to measure gauged precipitation in 2007 (regarded as the ground truth) was evaluated using Normalized Bias (NB) and Normalized Error (NE) statistics as the objective function of evaluation. The radar overestimated precipitation measurements by average gauges with NB value of 0.41 and a considerably low NE of 0.68. Furthermore, the effectiveness of a Deterministic nowcasting system (DNS) to forecast radar measured precipitation at 132 forecast time series of 6hrs forecast lead time was assessed. The DNS overestimated the radar measured precipitation with a NB value of 87% and recorded an accumulated NE of 146%. Moreover, the efficiencies of 10 ensemble precipitation forecats generated from a Stochastic nowcasting system (SNS) over the singular deterministic forecasts from the DNS was evaluated at 3 major hydrological events. Some of the ensembles significantly performed better than the deterministic forecast and brilliantly captured the radar measured precipitation at most of the forecast time series. Furthermore, the efficiencies of these sources of precipitation measurement to simulate flows with the PDM at the Brue catchment were also assessed by integrating the radar-based forecasts with measurements from average gauges. The PDM performed satisfactorily well in simulating the flows of 17th January 2007 with an average Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency Index (NSE) of 0.65 and the model was judged insensitive to the significantly high precipitation inputs for the hydrological event of 27th of May 2007. However, the PDM performed poorly in simulating flows for the historical storms of 20th of July 2007; with the model under estimating flows with bias value of over 250 cumecs for an event popular for its devastating flooding in the Southwest of England. The model inadequacies was however associated to poor radar precipitation measurements and forecasts on which flow simulation was based. This work therefore emphasis the need for developments in hydrological modeling as well as advancement in weather radar technology to effectively correct radar errors due to radar calibration, signal attenuation, clutter and anomalous propagation, vertical variation of reflectivity, range effects, Z-R relationships, variations of drop size distributions, vertical air motions, beam overshooting the shallow precipitation and sampling issues, that has been identified to affect radar measurements.
Floods And Landslides Integrated Risk Assessment
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Author : Riccardo Casale
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Floods And Landslides Integrated Risk Assessment written by Riccardo Casale and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Scientific reserach on natural disasters is now implementing new methodologies and aproaches as consequences of: 1. mutating impact of extreme natural events in response to societal change like land use, lifelines, communications, transportation, etc.; 2. development which claim for new urban and industrial territories, often in hazard prone areas; 3. impact of modern society on natural climate variability (climate change) and con sequently, on spatial and temporal frequency of extreme events related to hydro logical cycle. As consequence of the above mentioned items it is necessary to develop a global approach to territory in order to understand reciprocous influence between climate dynamics with their extreme consequences like floods and landslides and socio-eco nomic development. In such a way, and in response to societal change, scientific re search on floods and landslides is beginning to loose the classical mono disciplinary approach and it is starting to be a science of the hydrological processes. The course on "Floods and Landslides: integrated risk assessment" held in Orvieto (Italy) 19-26 may 1996, has been organised by the European Commission specifically with the aim of transferring to young European scientists these new views, in order to contribute to a future scientific community, capable to face with the future environ mental problems.
Hydrological Modelling In Arid And Semi Arid Areas
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Author : Howard Wheater
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-11-22
Hydrological Modelling In Arid And Semi Arid Areas written by Howard Wheater and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-22 with Science categories.
Arid and semi-arid regions are defined as areas where water is at its most scarce. The hydrological regime in these areas is extreme and highly variable, and they face great pressures to deliver and manage freshwater resources. However, there is no guidance on the decision support tools that are needed to underpin flood and water resource management in arid areas. UNESCO initiated the Global network for Water and Development Information for arid lands (GWADI), and arranged a workshop of the world's leading experts to discuss these issues. This book presents chapters from contributors to the workshop, and includes case studies from the world's major arid regions to demonstrate model applications, and web links to tutorials and state-of-the-art modelling software. This volume is a valuable reference for researchers and engineers working on the water resources of arid and semi-arid regions.
Geospatial Technology For Water Resource Applications
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Author : Prashant K. Srivastava
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-07-26
Geospatial Technology For Water Resource Applications written by Prashant K. Srivastava and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-26 with Nature categories.
This book advances the scientific understanding, development, and application of geospatial technologies related to water resource management. It presents recent developments and applications specifically by utilizing new earth observation datasets such as TRMM/GPM, AMSR E/2, SMOS, SMAP and GCOM in combination with GIS, artificial intelligence, and hybrid techniques. By linking geospatial techniques with new satellite missions for earth and environmental science, the book promotes the synergistic and multidisciplinary activities of scientists and users working in the field of hydrological sciences.
Flood Forecasting
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Author : Thomas E. Adams
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2024-09-18
Flood Forecasting written by Thomas E. Adams and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-18 with Science categories.
Flood Forecasting: A Global Perspective, Second Edition covers hydrologic forecasting systems on both a national and regional scale. This updated edition includes a breakdown by county contribution and solutions to common issues with a wide range of approaches to address the difficulties inherent in the development, implementation and operational success of national-scale flood forecasting systems. Special attention is given to recent advances in machine learning techniques for flood forecasting. Overall, the information will lead to improvements of existing systems and provide a valuable reference on the intricacies of forecast systems in different parts of the world. - Covers global and regional systems, thus allowing readers to understand the different forecasting systems and how they developed - Offers practical applications for groups trying to improve existing flood forecasting systems - Includes innovative solutions for those interested in developing new systems - Contains analytical and updated information on forecasting and monitoring systems
Current Operational Applications Of Remote Sensing In Hydrology
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Author : Albert Rango
language : en
Publisher: Secretariat to World Meteorological Organization
Release Date : 1999
Current Operational Applications Of Remote Sensing In Hydrology written by Albert Rango and has been published by Secretariat to World Meteorological Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Science categories.
Hydrology In Practice
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Author : Elizabeth M. Shaw
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-12-21
Hydrology In Practice written by Elizabeth M. Shaw and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-21 with Architecture categories.
Hydrology in Practice is an excellent and very successful introductory text for engineering hydrology students who go on to be practitioners in consultancies, the Environment Agency, and elsewhere. This fourth edition of Hydrology in Practice, while retaining all that is excellent about its predecessor, by Elizabeth M. Shaw, replaces the material on the Flood Studies Report with an equivalent section on the methods of the Flood Estimation Handbook and its revisions. Other completely revised sections on instrumentation and modelling reflect the many changes that have occurred over recent years. The updated text has taken advantage of the extensive practical experience of the staff of JBA Consulting who use the methods described on a day-to-day basis. Topical case studies further enhance the text and the way in which students at undergraduate and MSc level can relate to it. The fourth edition will also have a wider appeal outside the UK by including new material on hydrological processes, which also relate to courses in geography and environmental science departments. In this respect the book draws on the expertise of Keith J. Beven and Nick A. Chappell, who have extensive experience of field hydrological studies in a variety of different environments, and have taught undergraduate hydrology courses for many years. Second- and final-year undergraduate (and MSc) students of hydrology in engineering, environmental science, and geography departments across the globe, as well as professionals in environmental protection agencies and consultancies, will find this book invaluable. It is likely to be the course text for every undergraduate/MSc hydrology course in the UK and in many cases overseas too.
Hydrometeorology
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Author : Christopher G. Collier
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-08-08
Hydrometeorology written by Christopher G. Collier and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-08 with Science categories.
Hydrometeorology presents an introduction to relevant topics in the interdisciplinary fields of hydrology and meteorology. This book is one of the few books aiming to provide a balance between aspects of meteorological and hydrological processes. The transfer of energy and water between the land surface and lower atmosphere within the hydrological cycle is addressed followed by a description of the nature of precipitation, and how it is formed. Forecasting precipitation is reviewed on all scales, and the range of rainfall-runoff models and coastal surge models and forecasts (including tsunamis) which have been, and are being, used are discussed. The mechanisms of snow, ice (glacier, sea and tundra), evaporation and transpiration, how drought occurs and the representation of wind are described. How rainfall (including radar measurements) and river flow information is gathered and analysed (including, frequency analysis, Probable Maximum Precipitation and Flood) are presented. Satellite measurements of precipitation are discussed. Examples of major past floods and droughts are given. Past and future climate change, which is included, underpins the importance of hydro-meteorological processes. The structure of the general circulation of the atmosphere and how it influences weather and climate including the Hadley, Ferrel and Polar cells, the Trade winds and the El Nino, is outlined. Finally, the influence of urban areas on rainfall formation, dealing with urban drainage and air quality are described. Each chapter ends with one or two specific points as appendices, elements discussed in the chapter and a list of sample problems to aid understanding. Readership: This book is aimed at 3rd year undergraduate and postgraduate students on hydrology/hydrometeorology, environmental science and geography courses. Professionals in environmental protection agencies and consultancies will also find the book of great interest. It contains a balance of both the physics and mathematics which underpin such courses and activities.
Frontiers In Flood Research
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Author : Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Frontiers In Flood Research written by Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Nature categories.
Nerc News
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Nerc News written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Ecology categories.