Hyponymy And Meronymy
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Hyponymy And Meronymy
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Author : Silvia Nulle
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2005-01-23
Hyponymy And Meronymy written by Silvia Nulle and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-23 with Literary Collections categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2001 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3 (A), University of Paderborn, course: Lexical Semantics, language: English, abstract: Everyday we are confronted with lexical hierarchies in our correspondences, without actually thinking about it. In this paper I will present two kinds of branching lexical hierarchies: taxonymy and meronymy, which both structure the vocabulary of a language. We will further see that semantic relations, which are defined in terms of logical relations, underlie lexical hierarchies. The problem is that it is not possible to give general, satisfying definitions of suitable test frames for the two kinds, but I will present different approaches that come close to final conclusions. Another aspect I am interested in is the transitivity of taxonymy and meronymy – are they transitive, and if yes, in how far do we have to restrict transitivity? In the final part of my paper I will draw a conclusion, containing a summary of the distinctions and similarities between taxonymy and meronymy.
Cognitive Linguistics
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Author : William Croft
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2004-01-22
Cognitive Linguistics written by William Croft and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-22 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Cognitive Linguistics argues that language is governed by general cognitive principles, rather than by a special-purpose language module. This introductory textbook surveys the field of cognitive linguistics as a distinct area of study, presenting its theoretical foundations and the arguments supporting it. Clearly organised and accessibly written, it provides a useful introduction to the relationship between language and cognitive processing in the human brain. It covers the main topics likely to be encountered in a course or seminar, and provides a synthesis of study and research in this fast-growing field of linguistics. The authors begin by explaining the conceptual structures and cognitive processes governing linguistic representation and behaviour, and go on to explore cognitive approaches to lexical semantics, as well as syntactic representation and analysis, focusing on the closely related frameworks of cognitive grammar and construction grammar. This much-needed introduction will be welcomed by students in linguistics and cognitive science.
Wordnet
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Author : Christiane Fellbaum
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1998
Wordnet written by Christiane Fellbaum and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Computers categories.
WordNet, an electronic lexical database, is considered to be the most important resource available to researchers in computational linguistics, text analysis, and many related areas. English nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are organized into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexicalized concept. Different relations link the synonym sets. The purpose of this volume is twofold. First, it discusses the design of WordNet and the theoretical motivations behind it. Second, it provides a survey of representative applications, including word sense identification, information retrieval, selectional preferences of verbs, and lexical chains.
Hypernyms And Hyponyms Vocabulary Building
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Author : Manik Joshi
language : en
Publisher: Manik Joshi
Release Date : 2014-10-25
Hypernyms And Hyponyms Vocabulary Building written by Manik Joshi and has been published by Manik Joshi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-25 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
What are “Hypernyms and Hyponyms”? HYPERNYM ---- [Hyper- Over; -Onym: Name] Hypernym is a word that denotes a general category. Hypernym [singular] | Hypernyms [plural] Examples: game, bird, etc. Hypernym is also called ‘Generic term’, ‘Super-ordinate’, ‘Super-type’, or ‘Superset’. Derived terms related to ‘Hypernyms’: Hypernymous Words that are hypernyms are said to be hypernymous. Hypernymy The state of being a hypernym is called hypernymy. HYPONYM ---- [Hypo- Under; -Onym: Name] Hyponym is a word that denotes a particular item from a general category. Hyponym [singular] | Hyponyms [plural] Examples: football/hockey/cricket, eagle/peacock/sparrow, etc. Hyponym is also called ‘Subordinate’, ‘Subtype’ or ‘Subset’. Derived terms related to ‘Hyponyms’: Hyponymous Words that are hyponyms are said to be hyponymous. Hyponymy The state of being a hyponym is called hyponymy. In the above examples, ‘game’ is the hypernym (or supertype) of ‘cricket’, ‘football’ and ‘hockey’. ‘Cricket’, ‘football’ and ‘hockey’ are hyponyms (or subtypes) of ‘game’. Similarly, ‘bird’ is the hypernym (or supertype) of ‘eagle’, ‘peacock’ and ‘sparrow’. ‘Eagle’, ‘peacock’ and ‘sparrow’ are hyponyms (or subtypes) of ‘bird’. IMPORTANT NOTE 1: The relationship between hypernym and hyponym is termed as ‘is-a relationship’. Pattern: Hyponym + is-a/an + Hypernym Example 1: Hypernym: game Hyponym: cricket, football, hockey Cricket is a game. Football is a game. Hockey is a game. Example 2: Hypernym: bird Hyponym: eagle, peacock, sparrow Eagle is a bird. Peacock is a bird. Sparrow is a bird. Hypernyms and Hyponyms -- A Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A1 -- Hypernym -- acid Hyponyms -- amino acid / ascetic acid / ascorbic acid / boric acid / carbonic acid / citric acid / hydrochloric acid / hydrofluoric acid / lactic acid / nitric acid / nucleic acid / oxalic acid / phosphoric acid / sulfuric (sulphuric) acid Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A2 -- Hypernym -- account Hyponyms -- budget account / checking account / current account / deposit account / savings account Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A3 -- Hypernym -- affix Hyponyms -- prefix / suffix Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A4 -- Hypernym -- African Hyponyms -- Algerian / Congolese / Egyptian / Kenyan / Liberian / Libyan / Moroccan / Senegalese / Sudanese / Ugandan Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A5 -- Hypernym -- algae Hyponyms -- anabaena / cowstail / cuvie / dabbylocks / featherweed / flans / grapestone / gulf weed / honeyware / laver / liadhaig / murlins / nostoc / pod weed / pompon / oscillatoria / rockweed / seaweed / thong weed / watersilk Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A6 -- Hypernym -- age [a particular period of history Hyponyms -- bronze age / iron age / new age / stone age Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A7 -- Hypernym -- agent Hyponyms -- double agent / estate agent / land agent / press agent / secret agent / special agent / travel agent Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A08 -- Hypernym -- alloy Hyponyms -- amalgam / billon / brass / bronze / iron / magnalium / megallium / nichrome / scandium / solder / steel / stellite Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A09 -- Hypernym -- amphibian Hyponyms -- frog / salamander / toad Hypernym / Hyponym -- Example A10 -- Hypernym -- angle Hyponyms -- acute angle / adjacent angle / exterior angle / interior angle / obtuse angle / reflex angle / right angle
Semantic Relations And The Lexicon
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Author : M. Lynne Murphy
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-10-02
Semantic Relations And The Lexicon written by M. Lynne Murphy and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-10-02 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Semantic Relations and the Lexicon explores the many paradigmatic semantic relations between words, such as synonymy, antonymy and hyponymy, and their relevance to the mental organization of our vocabularies. Drawing on a century's research in linguistics, psychology, philosophy, anthropology and computer science, M. Lynne Murphy proposes a pragmatic approach to these relations. Whereas traditional approaches have claimed that paradigmatic relations are part of our lexical knowledge, Dr Murphy argues that they constitute metalinguistic knowledge, which can be derived through a single relational principle, and may also be stored as part of our extra-lexical, conceptual representations of a word. Part I shows how this approach can account for the properties of lexical relations in ways that traditional approaches cannot, and Part II examines particular relations in detail. This book will serve as an informative handbook for all linguists and cognitive scientists interested in the mental representation of vocabulary.
Expository Discourse
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Author : Beverly Lewin
language : en
Publisher: A&C Black
Release Date : 2005-11-17
Expository Discourse written by Beverly Lewin and has been published by A&C Black this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-17 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
"The description of the social science research genre is important both for those teaching English to speakers and readers of other languages and for researchers in discourse structure. For teachers, the detailed analysis of texts and the method for determining realization rules will help in guiding students who must understand and produce research articles. For researchers, the qualitative and quantitative analyses show how the different levels of abstraction, from the genre itself to its moves, acts and wordings, are related to each other. Lastly, this analysis can serve as a model for future descriptions of other academic and professional genres."--BOOK JACKET.
Introductory Semantics And Pragmatics For Spanish Learners Of English
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Author : Brian Leonard Mott
language : en
Publisher: Edicions Universitat Barcelona
Release Date : 2003
Introductory Semantics And Pragmatics For Spanish Learners Of English written by Brian Leonard Mott and has been published by Edicions Universitat Barcelona this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with English language categories.
Knowledge Based And Intelligent Information And Engineering Systems
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Author : Juan D. Velásquez
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2009-10-01
Knowledge Based And Intelligent Information And Engineering Systems written by Juan D. Velásquez and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-01 with Computers categories.
On behalf of KES International and the KES 2009 Organising Committee we are very pleased to present these volumes, the proceedings of the 13th Inter- tional Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, held at the Faculty of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, University of Chile, in Santiago de Chile. This year, the broad focus of the KES annual conference was on intelligent applications, emergent intelligent technologies and generic topics relating to the theory, methods, tools and techniques of intelligent systems. This covers a wide range of interests, attracting many high-quality papers, which were subjected to a very rigorous review process. Thus, these volumes contain the best papers, carefully selected from an impressively large number of submissions, on an - teresting range of intelligent-systems topics. For the ?rsttime in overa decade of KES events,the annualconferencecame to South America, to Chile. For many delegates this represented the antipode of their own countries. We recognise the tremendous e?ort it took for everyone to travel to Chile, and we hope this e?ort was rewarded. Delegates were presented with the opportunity of sharing their knowledge of high-tech topics on theory andapplicationofintelligentsystemsandestablishinghumannetworksforfuture work in similar research areas, creating new synergies, and perhaps even, new innovative ?elds of study. The fact that this occurred in an interesting and beautiful area of the world was an added bonus.
Lexical Relations
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Author : Herbert Reichl
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2003-04-08
Lexical Relations written by Herbert Reichl and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-04-08 with Literary Collections categories.
Seminar paper from the year 1999 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: Good, University of Salzburg (Anglistics/ American Studies), course: The Vocabulary of English: Lexical and Morphological Issues, language: English, abstract: There is no doubt, also - and especially - among experts, that our mental vocabulary is highly organised. There are a lot of relations between the single words of a language and the meanings of these words, respectively. Among linguists, these relations are called “semantic relations”, “sense relations” or “lexical relations”. These semantic relations can be analysed and described for the most part, and in the following, the most important ones of these relations are to be presented. In order to give a short, critical description of the state of the art, it must be said that there are lots of research projects on this topic. However, this paper can only include some of them. Literature which was used can be found under point six, “List Of Works Cited”. Project delimitations have only been made as far as detail is concerned. Since this paper is only a very short piece of research, the authors have confined themselves not to go into too much detail, but rather try to give a good survey of the topic. Lexical relations can be roughly divided into: · Types of ambiguity (polysemy, homonymy) · Types of congruence (synonymy, hyponymy, meronymy, relations of contrast) · Lexical fields
Lexical Functions In Lexicography And Natural Language Processing
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Author : Leo Wanner
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 1996-01-01
Lexical Functions In Lexicography And Natural Language Processing written by Leo Wanner and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-01-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Lexical Functions in Lexicography and Natural Language Processing is entirely devoted to the topic of Lexical Functions, which have been introduced in the framework of the Meaning-Text Theory (MTT) as a means for describing restricted lexical co-occurrence and derivational relations. It provides detailed background information, comparative studies of other known proposals for the representation of relations covered by Lexical Functions, as well as a selection of most important works done on and with Lexical Functions in lexicography and computational linguistics. This volume provides excellent course material while it also reports on the state-of-the-art in the field.
