Identification Of Mechanical Properties Of Nonlinear Materials And Development Of Tactile Displays For Robotic Assisted Surgery Applications
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Identification Of Mechanical Properties Of Nonlinear Materials And Development Of Tactile Displays For Robotic Assisted Surgery Applications
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Author : Siamak Arbatani
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Identification Of Mechanical Properties Of Nonlinear Materials And Development Of Tactile Displays For Robotic Assisted Surgery Applications written by Siamak Arbatani and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This PhD work presents novel methods of mechanical property identification for soft nonlinear materials and methods of recreating and modeling the deformation behavior of these nonlinear materials for tactile feedback systems. For the material property identification, inverse modeling method is employed for the identification of hyperelastic and hyper-viscoelastic (HV) materials by use of the spherical indentation test. Identification experiments are performed on soft foam materials and fresh harvested bovine liver tissue. It is shown that reliability and accuracy of the identified material parameters are directly related to size of the indenter and depth of the indentation. Results show that inverse FE modeling based on MultiStart optimization algorithm and the spherical indentation, is a reliable and scalable method of identification for biological tissues based on HV constitutive models. The inverse modeling method based on the spherical indentation is adopted for realtime applications using variation and Kalman filter methods. Both the methods are evaluated on hyperelastic foams and biological tissues on experiments which are analogous to the robot assisted surgery. Results of the experiments are compared and discussed for the proposed methods. It is shown that increasing the indentation rate eliminates time dependency in material behavior, thus increases the successful recognition rate. The deviation of an identified parameter at indentation rates of V=1, 2 and 4 mm/s was found as 28%, 21.3% and 7.3%. It is found that although the Kalman filter method yields less dispersion in identified parameters compared to the variance method, it requires almost 900 times more computation power compared to the variance method, which is a limiting factor for increasing the indentation rate. Three bounding methods are proposed and implemented for the Kalman filter estimation. It was found that the Projection and Penalty bounding methods yield relatively accurate results without failure. However, the Nearest Neighbor method found with a high chance of non-convergence. The second part of the thesis is focused on the development of tactile displays for modeling the mechanical behavior of the nonlinear materials for human tactile perception. An accurate finite element (FE) model of human finger pad is constructed and validated in experiments of finger pad contact with soft and relatively rigid materials. Hyperfoam material parameters of the identified elastomers from the previous section are used for validation of the finger pad model. A magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) based tactile display is proposed and its magnetic FE model is constructed and validated in Gauss meter measurements. FE models of the human finger pad and the proposed tactile display are used in a model based control algorithm for the proposed display. FE models of the identified elastomers are used for calculation of control curves for these elastomers. An experiment is set up for evaluation of the proposed display. Experiments are performed on biological tissue and soft nonlinear foams. Comparison between curves of desired and recreated reaction force from subject's finger pad contact with the display showed above 84% accuracy. As a complementary work, new modeling and controlling approaches are proposed and tested for tactile displays based on linear actuators. Hertzian model of contact between the human finger pad and actuator cap is derived and curves of material deformation are obtained and improved based on this model. A PID controller is designed for controlling the linear actuators. Optimization based controller tuning approach is explained in detail and robust stability of the system is also investigated. Results showed maximum tracking error of 16.6% for the actuator controlled by the PID controller. Human subject tests of recreated softness perception show 100% successful recognition rate for group of materials with high difference in their softness.
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Aeronautics categories.
Tactile Sensing And Displays
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Author : Javad Dargahi
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-11-06
Tactile Sensing And Displays written by Javad Dargahi and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-06 with Science categories.
Comprehensively covers the key technologies for the development of tactile perception in minimally invasive surgery Covering the timely topic of tactile sensing and display in minimally invasive and robotic surgery, this book comprehensively explores new techniques which could dramatically reduce the need for invasive procedures. The tools currently used in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) lack any sort of tactile sensing, significantly reducing the performance of these types of procedures. This book systematically explains the various technologies which the most prominent researchers have proposed to overcome the problem. Furthermore, the authors put forward their own findings, which have been published in recent patents and patent applications. These solutions offer original and creative means of surmounting the current drawbacks of MIS and robotic surgery. Key features:- Comprehensively covers topics of this ground-breaking technology including tactile sensing, force sensing, tactile display, PVDF fundamentals Describes the mechanisms, methods and sensors that measure and display kinaesthetic and tactile data between a surgical tool and tissue Written by authors at the cutting-edge of research into the area of tactile perception in minimally invasive surgery Provides key topic for academic researchers, graduate students as well as professionals working in the area
Design And Development Of New Tactile Softness Displays For Minimally Invasive Surgery
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Author : Mohammadreza Ramezanifard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Design And Development Of New Tactile Softness Displays For Minimally Invasive Surgery written by Mohammadreza Ramezanifard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Despite an influential shortcoming of minimally invasive sugary (MIS), which is the lack of tactile feedback to the surgeon, MIS has increasingly been used in various types of surgeries. Restoring the missing tactile feedback, especially information which can be obtained by the palpation of tissue, such as detection of embedded lump and softness characterization is important in MIS. The present study aims to develop tactile feedback systems both graphically and physically. In graphical rendering approach, the proposed system receives signals from the previously fabricated piezoelectric softness sensors which are integrated with an MIS grasper. After processing the signals, the tactile information is displayed by means of a color coding method. Using the graphical images, the softness of the grasped objects can visually be differentiated. A physical tactile display system is also designed and fabricated. This system simulates non-linear material properties of different soft objects. The system consists of a linear actuator, force and position sensors and processing software. A PID controller is used to control the motion of a linear actuator according to the properties of the simulated material and applied force. Graphical method was also examined to render the tactile information of embedded lumps within a soft tissue/object. The necessary information on the size and location of the hidden features are collected using sensorized MIS graspers. The information is then processed and graphically rendered to the surgeon. Using the proposed system surgeons can identify presence, location and approximate size of hidden lumps by grasping the target object with a reasonable accuracy. Finally, in order to determine the softness of the grasped object, another novel approach is taken by the design and fabrication of a smart endoscopic tool equipped with sensors for measuring the applied force and the angle of the grasper jaws. Using this method, the softness/compliance of the grasped object can be estimated and presented to the surgeon.
Development Of Piezoresistive Tactile Sensors And A Graphical Display System For Minimally Invasive Surgery And Robotics
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Author : Masoud Kalantari
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Development Of Piezoresistive Tactile Sensors And A Graphical Display System For Minimally Invasive Surgery And Robotics written by Masoud Kalantari and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Design Development And Analysis Of A Tactile Display Based On Composite Magnetorheological Elastomers
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Author : Ali Alkhalaf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Design Development And Analysis Of A Tactile Display Based On Composite Magnetorheological Elastomers written by Ali Alkhalaf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
In minimally invasive surgery, surgeons carry out the operations by employing small tools and viewing equipment into the patient's body by means of small incisions. In manual and robotic minimally invasive surgery, surgeons do not have direct touch and natural sense of touch, due to utilization of long and often flexible instruments, and palpation is a necessity to provide perfect diagnoses. As a potential candidate, magnetorheological elastomers were investigated as a stiffness display for surgical application. To this end, three different samples of magnetorheological elastomers with various volume fraction of iron particles and one non-MRE rubber sample were fabricated. Six composite MREs were made by combining two layers of different fabricated samples. The samples were characterized under compression test and perpendicular to the applied magnetic field (MF). The compression test was carried out with the strain range of (5 - 25%) at magnetic field densities of 0, 143, 162, 198, 238, 287, 365 mT. It was observed that the elastic modulus of one-layered MREs and bi-layered MREs increase with increasing the magnetic fields. Moreover, MR-effect was enhanced via bi-layer composition, e.g. mono-layered 45%vol iron particles: 211%, bi-layered 45%vol iron particles: 253%. Afterward, a solution for the medical need of the tactile display during minimally invasive surgeries was proposed. To this end, a tactile display based on the composite magnetorheological elastomers, MiTouch , was designed and prototyped. Also, the electromechanical parameters of MiTouch were identified through a transfer function optimization and a PID controller was fine-tuned to achieve a desired stiffness. Later, validation experiments were carried out to showcase the feasibility of MiTouch for pulse examinations and maintaining a desired stiffness. The results revealed that MiTouch applied a pulsed contact force of 0.6N to the phantom finger. The results were within the range of reported pulse examination forces, i.e. 0.5-2N. In addition, the system was capable of following a desired stiffness of 4N=mm and maintaining it within a range of 4:07 +/- 0:41N/mm. In the end, results confirmed the hypothesis of the feasibility of the suggested solution for surgical applications.
Optical Microsystems For Static And Dynamic Tactile Sensing
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Author : Roozbeh Ahmadi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Optical Microsystems For Static And Dynamic Tactile Sensing written by Roozbeh Ahmadi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Non Linear Large Deformation Modeling Of All Elastomer Mems Tactile Sensors With Bionic And Robotic Applications
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Author : Kourosh Mahmoud-Kalayeh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Non Linear Large Deformation Modeling Of All Elastomer Mems Tactile Sensors With Bionic And Robotic Applications written by Kourosh Mahmoud-Kalayeh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The study is motivated by the need to develop highly sensitive tactile sensors for both robotic and bionic applications. The ability to predict the response of an elastomeric layer under severe pressure conditions is a key to the development of highly sensitive capacitive tactile sensors capable of detecting the location and magnitude of applied forces over a broad range of contact severity and layer depression. Thus, in this work, a large deformation Mooney-Rivlin (M-R) material model is employed in developing empirical-analytical models capable of predicting the response of tactile unit-sensors under the application of normal forces under large strain, large deformation conditions.
Design Of Active Sensing Smart Skin For Incipient Slip Detection In Robotic Applications
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Author : Cheng Liu (Researcher in robotic tactile sensing)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Design Of Active Sensing Smart Skin For Incipient Slip Detection In Robotic Applications written by Cheng Liu (Researcher in robotic tactile sensing) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Tactile sensing is paramount for robots operating in human-centered environments to help in understanding interaction with objects. To enable robots to have sophisticated tactile sensing capability, researchers have developed different kinds of tactile sensors for robotic hands to realize the 'sense of touch'. In this study, we are focused on the incipient slip detection problem for robots which is known as one of the most challenging issues in robotic tactile sensing. Currently, most of the slip detection sensors are passive sensors which provide limited information about the sensing parameters. Therefore, this will usually require large amount of data and extra computation effort in accurately classifying slip conditions of robotic hands. Other sensing mechanisms such as optical approaches which can provide enriched sensing parameters for slip detection often suffer from complex sensor configurations and being inflexible in terms of customization. Active sensing, on the other hand, has the advantage of simple sensor configurations, and in the meantime can provide more sensing parameters which will improve the overall efficiency of the tactile sensing capabilities for incipient slip detection. In this thesis, by using the active sensing method, a novel active sensing smart skin technique is developed for incipient slip detection which leverages piezoelectric transducers as actuators/sensors. With this method, a robotic fingertip with the embedded actuator and sensor were created in which the actuator generates ultrasonic guided waves received by the sensor during a slip scenario. By analyzing the received signal using an attenuation-based method, we can monitor the entire contact area evolution during a slip scenario. Therefore, this method can serve as an excellent indicator for early slip detection with the advantage of accurately monitoring the contact condition. In addition, the frustrated total internal reflection method was used to validate the signal attenuation increases with the growing of the contact area. Built on these results, a unique robotic skin was then designed and fabricated which demonstrated robust and sensitive response for incipient slip detection. Finally, an LED slip alert system on a real gripper was developed to demonstrate the capability of our method to be applicable to real robotic finger situations.
Soft Material Enabled Electronics For Medicine Healthcare And Human Machine Interfaces
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Author : Jae-Woong Jeong
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2020-03-13
Soft Material Enabled Electronics For Medicine Healthcare And Human Machine Interfaces written by Jae-Woong Jeong and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Soft material-enabled electronics offer distinct advantage, over conventional rigid and bulky devices, for numerous wearable and implantable applications. Soft materials allow for seamless integration with skin and tissues due to enhanced mechanical flexibility and stretchability. Wearable devices, such as sensors, offer continuous, real-time monitoring of biosignals and movements, which can be applied in rehabilitation and diagnostics, among other applications. Soft implantable electronics offer similar functionalities, but with improved compatibility with human tissues. Biodegradable soft implantable electronics are also being developed for transient monitoring, such as in the weeks following surgery. To further advance soft electronics, materials, integration strategies, and fabrication techniques are being developed. This paper reviews recent progress in these areas, toward the development of soft material-enabled electronics for medicine, healthcare, and human-machine interfaces.