Identifying Changes In Physical Activity Behaviours That Lead To Weight Gain In First Year University Students
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Identifying Changes In Physical Activity Behaviours That Lead To Weight Gain In First Year University Students
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Author : Aysha Martinah Thomas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Identifying Changes In Physical Activity Behaviours That Lead To Weight Gain In First Year University Students written by Aysha Martinah Thomas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
The transition to university is a critical time period for weight gain, possibly explained by a decrease in physical activity. The aim of this study was to identify changes in physical activity as students' transition from high school to university and to assess if they relate to body weight and composition. Three hundred one (71 males, 230 females) first year Brock University students participated. Anthropometric and body composition data were collected in September and April. Students also filled out questionnaires assessing their physical activity behaviours. Significant increases in weight, BMI, and body composition were observed across the sample, accompanied by reductions in physical activity output and increases in factors preventing physical activity participation. However, the reductions in physical activity were not correlated with the changes in body composition. Therefore, in our sample, changes in physical activity behaviours are not the main cause of weight gain in first year university students.
Physical Behavioral Psychological And Metabolomic Predictors Of Weight And Adiposity Change In Young Adults
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Author : Katie C. Hootman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Physical Behavioral Psychological And Metabolomic Predictors Of Weight And Adiposity Change In Young Adults written by Katie C. Hootman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Background: Weight gain in young adults during the first year of college tends to track into later adulthood, contributing to risk for adult overweight/obesity. Identification of predictors of weight gain and adiposity change, considering population subgroup differences, could lead to effective prevention strategies. Methods: In the context of a prospective study design of college freshmen with repeated measures of anthropometry and adiposity (measured via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), over one academic year, we evaluated multiple independent variables as potential predictors of weight gain and adiposity, testing for effect modification by sex. We also compared the metabolome between participants who increased in three markers of central adiposity over the year vs. those with stable adiposity. Results: 264 freshmen (50% female, characteristics representative of the Class of 2015) participated; 65% (N = 173) completed follow-up 8-9 months later, at the end of the academic year. Weight gain was ~ 2 kg overall; among the 75% who gained at least 0.5 kg over the year, weight increased 5.6%, on average. Leaner body habitus at the start of college (leaner adiposity and anthropometrics) was associated with greater weight gain and weight gain risk in regression analyses. We observed a significant sex x physical activity interaction (Pinteraction = 0.049) such that, higher baseline physical activity predicted greater weight gain among females. Investigation of psychological factors, including eating competence, restraint, and overeating due to emotional or external cues, as predictors of changes in adiposity and weight were generally null; however, there was a consistent and statistically significant stress x sex interaction such that greater stress at the start of college was significantly associated with increases in weight, waist circumference and BMI among males. Metabolomics investigation results showed baseline plasma concentrations of meso-erythritol and fructose, two dietary sweeteners, were respectively 15- and 2-fold greater among participants who subsequently experienced increased central adiposity, compared to participants who maintained a stable adiposity phenotype. Conclusions: Weight gain during the first year of university is common, and leaner body habitus at the beginning of college was associated with greater weight gain. There were meaningful sex differences in predictors of weight gain: higher self-reported baseline physical activity in females only and, higher self-reported baseline stress in males only, were both associated with greater weight gain. Higher frequency of dining hall use during the freshman year, and higher blood concentration of meso-erythritol were also significant predictors.
Educating The Student Body
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Author : Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-11-13
Educating The Student Body written by Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-13 with Medical categories.
Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.
Factors Influencing Weight Gain And Perceived Barriers Of Exercise In First Semester College Students
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Author : Noah C. Neuenfeldt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Factors Influencing Weight Gain And Perceived Barriers Of Exercise In First Semester College Students written by Noah C. Neuenfeldt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
College students believe that university weight management interventions impact their health habits. This suggests that universities can play a large role in encouraging students to be active. The purpose of this study was to investigate this claim and to acquire a better understanding of weight change in first year college students in the first semester. We specifically sought to identify the variables that influence weight gain, as well as determine the awareness and usage of resources available to the students. A survey was given to first year students addressing the variables of interest including change in weight and Body Mass Index (BMI), as well as awareness, usage, and preference of resources on campus. There were 176 participants in the study, 90 males and 86 females, with an average age of 18.3±0.7 (mean±SD) years. They gained an average of 1.6 lbs. (159.3±40.0 to 160.9±39.8) and had an average increase in BMI of 0.2 (24.1±5.5 to 24.3±5.4) in their first semester. Those who expected to gain weight may be at risk of gaining weight ±2(4, n=176)=27.729, p±.001. Many students are aware of the resources on campus but do not use them. This study shows that students who expectations influence weight status and that student awareness and usage of resources can be improved upon.
When Physical Activity Fails To Protect Against Weight Gain
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Author : Christine C. Call
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
When Physical Activity Fails To Protect Against Weight Gain written by Christine C. Call and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Clinical psychology categories.
Young adulthood is a particularly high risk time for excess weight gain, yet factors related to weight gain prevention in this population are poorly understood. Although moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is a primary component of many prevention efforts, recent research suggests that it may be insufficient to protect against weight gain for many individuals, likely because other physical activity and eating-related factors also influence weight. This study aimed to examine whether key eating- and physical activity related behavioral and psychological factors were associated with weight change among young adults meeting national physical activity guidelines. Young adults (ages 21-30; N=69) in the normal weight-range who met national physical activity recommendations had their weight measured by research staff, wore an accelerometer for one week, and completed self-report and interview-based measures of their weight history and key eating- and physical activity related behavioral and psychological factors. Participants gained an average of .91 kg over the past three years and engaged in an average of 274.04 minutes/week of accelerometer-measured bouted MVPA. Higher frequency of eating out was associated with greater weight gain, such that individuals above the median for weight gain ate out 7% more often than those below the median. Calorie, fat, and added-sugar intake, as well as sedentary behavior, light activity, and unbouted MVPA were unrelated to weight change. Greater hedonic hunger, dietary disinhibition, and food cravings, and lower self-efficacy for healthy eating were related to greater weight loss in those who had lost weight over the past three years, but were unrelated to weight change in those who were weight stable or who had gained weight. This study provides a preliminary investigation into factors associated with weight gain in active young adults and suggests that eating out may be a particularly useful target for weight gain prevention efforts in this population. Future research should address some of the limitations of this study, including using a longitudinal design, objectively assessing all weights, and recruiting a larger sample.
Weight Stability And Influences Upon Eating And Exercise Behaviors Among College Students
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Author : Julie Ann Jensen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Weight Stability And Influences Upon Eating And Exercise Behaviors Among College Students written by Julie Ann Jensen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with College students categories.
Students are entering college heavier than ever before and some are gaining weight faster than the general population. Weight studies have been conducted, but are limited in scope about how behavior related choices are made. This study was an effort to determine weight stability and to explore the influences of eating and physical activity habits, among undergraduate students attending Oregon State University (OSU) during the 2004-2005 school year. The study methodology included: Phase One, involving anthropometric and demographic data collection on students enrolled in a class entitled 0́−Lifetime Fitness0́+ (HHS 241) during fall quarter 2004 and Phase Two, exploring influences upon behavior via focus groups from a subset of Phase One participants. Phase One revealed that students gained weight (M=2.62 pounds, SD = 5.42 pounds) during the first eight weeks of fall term. Seventy percent of students had a normal weight BMI classification at the start of the term. By the tenth week, the percentage had dropped to 68% and the incidence of obesity and overweight rose from 25% to 28%. The Phase 2 focus groups discussions revealed that most college students could describe a healthy lifestyle, but may fail to practice such. Lack of time and money, as well as other priorities were all sighted as reasons for not practicing healthy behaviors. Those that were most successful in practicing healthy eating and exercise habits believed that success in one habit led to success in the other. Intrinsic motivation was most likely to lead to healthy behaviors. The strongest influences on food choice were time, money, and the perception of availability and quality of food. The most frequently discussed motivator for exercise was enjoyment. Discussion about eating healthfully seemed to reflect their perception that it was more challenging than being physically active. Friends and roommates were both positive and negative influences, and constitute the primary support system for college behavior choices. Life skills and discipline are needed to practice healthy lifestyle behaviors and only a few participants appeared to be equipped with these. Most participants made statements that suggest a lack the rational decision making skills and maturity needed to consistently adhere to a healthy lifestyle. Some participants struggled with devising strategies to manage their eating and exercise behaviors. This preliminary study revealed some outcomes that need further exploration. Students need a clearer and more accurate understanding of what makes a food healthy. Strategies to encourage intrinsic motivators for eating and exercise, providing peer reinforcement for exercise and finding strategies to build exercise into the busy schedule of a college student are areas needing further exploration.
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with categories.
Changes In Body Mass Body Composition Physical Activity And Nutrition From The First To The Fourth Academic Year In University Students
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Author : Shai Olansky
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Changes In Body Mass Body Composition Physical Activity And Nutrition From The First To The Fourth Academic Year In University Students written by Shai Olansky and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Background: The transition to university life is a critical time of change, often accompanied by the adoption of negative lifestyle habits, including an unhealthy diet and a decrease in physical activity. Lifestyle changes during university may result in a positive energy balance and a decrease in diet quality, which can lead to weight gain, a percent body fat in the overweight/obesity range, and increased cardiometabolic disease risk over time. The purpose of the current study was to investigate changes in body mass and composition from 1st to 4th year among university students, and to assess whether changes in physical activity and dietary intake were related to observed changes in body mass and composition. Methods: Thirty-eight participants completed food frequency and activity questionnaires and had their body mass measured and body composition assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. These measurements were obtained at the beginning (fall) and end (spring) of 1st year and the end (spring) of 4th year. Results: During the 1st year, body mass and percent fat increased by 3.2 kg and 2.1%, respectively (P
Dietary Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviors And Their Relationship To Weight Gain In A College Age Population
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Author : Faegen Dillon Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Dietary Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviors And Their Relationship To Weight Gain In A College Age Population written by Faegen Dillon Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Weight gain affects all living beings and excessive weight gain can lead to obesity and comorbidities linked to obesity. In order to better understand how the college student population gains weight and increase in BMI, data collected under the Council of Environment and Dietary Activity (CEDA) at Texas A & M University was examined and analyzed in order to understand how physical activity, sedentary behavior, and dietary activity affect weight gain or weight loss. The college population was divided into BMI categories, gender, and where they lived on campus at Texas A & M University. The data shows that physical activity was associated with loss of weight and BMI in females. Sedentary behavior was associated with weight gain in males but also weight loss in females. Meat consumption was associated with weight gain in males. Fish consumption was associated with weight loss in females. Pastries consumption was associated with weight gain in females. Physical activity appeared to have a stronger effect on weight than dietary behavior even though both can interact to affect weight for females. Speed of service and location have a significant effect on where students would eat. In conclusion, physical activity and sedentary activity have an effect on weight and BMI. Diet can also have an effect on weight and BMI. More specifically, sugar snacks affect weight in females and meat affects weight and BMI in males. However, physical activity appears to have a larger on weight and BMI than diet. Location also affects where a student will eat.
Eating Disorders And Obesity
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Author : Christopher G. Fairburn
language : en
Publisher: Guilford Press
Release Date : 2005-07-01
Eating Disorders And Obesity written by Christopher G. Fairburn and has been published by Guilford Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-07-01 with Psychology categories.
This unique handbook presents and integrates virtually all that is currently known about eating disorders and obesity in one authoritative, accessible, and eminently practical volume. From leading international authorities, 112 concise chapters encapsulate the latest information on all pertinent topics, from biological, psychological, and social processes associated with risk, to clinical methods for assessment and intervention. The contents are organized to highlight areas of overlap between lines of research that often remain disparate. Suggestions for further reading at the end of each chapter replace extended references and enhance the practical value and readability of the volume.