Identifying The Epileptic Network
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Identifying The Epileptic Network
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Author : Don Tucker
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2014-10-30
Identifying The Epileptic Network written by Don Tucker and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-30 with Brain stimulation categories.
An important area of current research in epilepsy focuses on identifying the specific regions within the brain that are affected in individuals with recurring seizures. The epileptogenic process may result not only in pathology in focal cortical regions, but abnormalities in subcortical structures, such as thalamus and basal ganglia, and in intercortical and intracortical connecting white matter pathways. Novel methods of treating refractory epilepsy are urgently needed. The goal of identifying for each affected individual the specific brain regions that are involved offers the promise that novel methods of treatment will one day be developed that specifically target those abnormal regions. Researchers from disparate fields are required to develop and advance this area of research, and this current topic proposes to place a spotlight on the “state of the art” of methods to identify the abnormal networks. Recent work covering a wide variety of disciplines and technologies, including dense array electroencephalography (dEEG), novel methods of analyses of both the interictal dEEG and intracranial EEG (icEEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), simultaneous fMRI-EEG, fMRI connectivity measures, simultaneous dEEG-icEEG, and techniques to coregister patient-specific MRI (including white matter pathways) and dEEG, are all examples of areas of research that have contributed to a greater understanding of potential epileptogenic regions. We asked for individuals with expertise in an area of research that expands an understanding of identifying epileptic networks to contribute to this research topic.
Mapping Functional Architecture In Neocortical Epileptic Networks
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Author : Ankit Narendra Khambhati
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Mapping Functional Architecture In Neocortical Epileptic Networks written by Ankit Narendra Khambhati and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Epilepsy is a debilitating brain disorder that causes recurring seizures in approximately 60 million people worldwide. For the one-third of epilepsy patients whose seizures are refractory to medication, effective therapy relies on reliably localizing where seizures originate and spread. This clinical practice amounts to delineating the epileptic network through neural sensors recording the electrocorticogram. Mapping functional architecture in the epileptic network is promising for objectively localizing cortical targets for therapy in cases of neocortical refractory epilepsy, where post-surgical seizure freedom is unfavorable when cortical structures responsible for generating seizures are difficult to delineate. In this work, we develop and apply network models for analyzing and interrogating the role of fine-grain functional architecture during epileptic events in human neocortical networks. We first develop and validate a model for objectively identifying regions of the epileptic network that drive seizure dynamics. We then develop and validate a model for disentangling network pathways traversed during "normal" function from pathways that drive seizures. Lastly, we devise and apply a novel platform for predicting network response to targeted lesioning of neocortical structures, revealing key control areas that influence the spread of seizures to broader network regions. The outcomes of this work demonstrate network models can objectively identify and predict targets for treating neocortical epilepsy, blueprint potential control strategies to limit seizure spread, and are poised for further validation prior to near-term clinical translation.
Functional Brain Mapping Of Epilepsy Networks Methods And Applications
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Author : David F. Abbott
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-01-29
Functional Brain Mapping Of Epilepsy Networks Methods And Applications written by David F. Abbott and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-29 with categories.
Network Theoretical Approach To Describe Epileptic Processes
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Author : Ancor Sanz-García
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Network Theoretical Approach To Describe Epileptic Processes written by Ancor Sanz-García and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Computers categories.
Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. Recent studies suggest that seizure generation may be caused by the abnormal activity of the entire network. This new paradigm requires new tools and methods for its study. In this sense, synchronization by linear as well as nonlinear measures are used to determine network structure and functional connectivity of neurophysiological data. Electroencephalography (EEG) data can be analyzed using each electrode's activity as a node of the underlying cortical network. The information provided by the synchronization matrix is the basic brick upon which several lines of analysis can be performed thereafter. Detection of community structures, identification of centrality nodes, transformation of the underlying network into a simpler one, and the identification of the basic network architecture are only some of the many lines of basic works that can be done in order to characterize the epilepsy as a network disease. This chapter describes new approaches in network epilepsy, provides mathematical concepts in order to understand the complex network analyses, and reviews the advances in network analyses and its application to epilepsy research.
Imaging Functional And Structural Networks In The Human Epileptic Brain
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Author : S. Vulliémoz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Imaging Functional And Structural Networks In The Human Epileptic Brain written by S. Vulliémoz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Epileptic activity in the brain arises from dysfunctional neuronal networks involving cortical and subcortical grey matter as well as their connections via white matter fibres. Physiological brain networks can be affected by the structural abnormalities causing the epileptic activity, or by the epileptic activity itself. A better knowledge of physiological and pathological brain networks in patients with epilepsy is critical for a better understanding the patterns of seizure generation, propagation and termination as well as the alteration of physiological brain networks by a chronic neurological disorder. Moreover, the identification of pathological and physiological networks in an individual subject is critical for the planning of epilepsy surgery aiming at resection or at least interruption of the epileptic network while sparing physiological networks which have potentially been remodelled by the disease. This work describes the combination of neuroimaging methods to study the functional epileptic networks in the brain, structural connectivity changes of the motor networks in patients with localisation-related or generalised epilepsy and finally structural connectivity of the epileptic network. The combination between EEG source imaging and simultaneous EEG-fMRI recordings allowed to distinguish between regions of onset and propagation of interictal epileptic activity and to better map the epileptic network using the continuous activity of the epileptic source. These results are complemented by the first recordings of simultaneous intracranial EEG and fMRI in human. This whole-brain imaging technique revealed regional as well as distant haemodynamic changes related to very focal epileptic activity. The combination of fMRI and DTI tractography showed subtle changes in the structural connectivity of patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy, a form of idiopathic generalised epilepsy. Finally, a combination of intracranial EEG and tractography was used to explore the structural connectivity of epileptic networks. Clinical relevance, methodological issues and future perspectives are discussed.
The Epileptic Focus
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Author : Heinz Gregor Wieser
language : en
Publisher: Demos Medical Publishing
Release Date : 1987
The Epileptic Focus written by Heinz Gregor Wieser and has been published by Demos Medical Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Medical categories.
Epilepsy Surgery The Network Approach An Issue Of Neurosurgery Clinics Of North America E Book
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Author : Mark Richardson
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2020-07-28
Epilepsy Surgery The Network Approach An Issue Of Neurosurgery Clinics Of North America E Book written by Mark Richardson and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-28 with Medical categories.
This issue of Neurosurgery Clinics, guest edited by Dr. R. Mark Richardson and Dr. Vasileios Kokkinos, will focus on Epilepsy Surgery: The Network Approach. This issue is one of four selected each year by our series consulting editors, Dr. Russell R. Lonser and Dr. Daniel K. Resnick. Topics discussed in this issue will include: History of the network approach in epilepsy surgery, Networks in temporal lobe epilepsy, Networks in frontal lobe epilepsy, Networks in parietal and occipital lobe epilepsy, Structures facilitating epileptogenic network formation, Extracranial interictal and ictal EEG in sEEG planning, Ictal semiology as a tool for sEEG planning, The significance of MRI lesions in sEEG planning, Functional networks in epilepsy presurgical evaluation, Automation advances in sEEG planning, Interpretation of the intracranial sEEG signal, Electrical cortical stimulation, Epileptogenic index, Modeling the epileptogenic network, Machine learning in epilepsy surgery evaluations, Neuromodulation of epilepsy networks, and Decision-making in epilepsy surgery.
Mathematical Modeling Of A Network Of Neurons Regarding Glucose Transport Deficiency Induced Epileptic Seizures
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Author : Ariel N. Leslie
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Mathematical Modeling Of A Network Of Neurons Regarding Glucose Transport Deficiency Induced Epileptic Seizures written by Ariel N. Leslie and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Electroencephalography categories.
Epilepsy is a complex phenomena of a system of neurons simultaneously firing that are highly intensive and synchronized. Seizures are a common and well known physical feature for all types of epileptic disorders [8]. Epilepsy is known to be traced back to spatial and temporal patterns working in sequence. The rhythms, patterns,and oscillatory dynamics explain the mechanistic nature of neurons especially in absence seizures [37]. An electroencephalogram device (EEG) monitors the electrical activity within the brain using small electrodes, which measures voltage fluctuations on the scalp. Previous models such as Wilson-Cowan (1972) [34], introduced a model showing the dynamics of a network of neurons consisting of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Taylor et. al (2014) then adapted the Wilson-Cowan model to epileptic seizures using a thalamo-cortical based theory. Fan et. al (2018) projects that thalamic reticulus nuclei control spike wave discharges specifically in absence seizures. G1D Transport Deficiency Epilepsy can be identified by the high number of seizures during the infant stage which is usually rapid, irregular eye movement,and small brain size. We want to identify brain activity specific to G1D by using EEG data. Additionally, we want to study the EEG patterns to identify the plausible mechanism that causes G1D epileptic behavior. The goal is to nd out how an entirely connected brain network shows the neuronal functionality as a unit regarding G1D. Our coupled thalamo-cortical model goes beyond a connection in a logical unidirectional pattern shown by Fan (2018) or in a bidirectional small world pattern.Our model is a network based on paired correlation of EEG signals more analogous to realistic seizure activity. Using our model, we are able to study stability analysis for equilibrium and periodic behavior, parameter values which cause synchronized activity or more stable activity and identify a synchronization index, and sensitivity analysis regarding parameters that directly affect Spike Wave Discharges and other spiking behavior. We will show how our 32-unit network model reflects G1D seizure dynamics and discuss the limitations of the model.
Neural Codes Characterizing Epileptic Brain States
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Author : Mirna Guirgis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Neural Codes Characterizing Epileptic Brain States written by Mirna Guirgis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Optimization And Data Mining In Healthcare
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Author : Jicong Zhang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Optimization And Data Mining In Healthcare written by Jicong Zhang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
ABSTRACT: Epilepsy is the second most common chronic neurological disorder that affected over 50 million people in the world, of which one fifth were never treated. Recurrent unprovoked seizures, which are used to characterize epilepsy, are transient symptoms of abnormal, excessive or synchronous neuronal activities in the brain. Seldom cured with medication or surgery, epilepsy is generally being controlled clinically. Patients with refractory epilepsy may feel stressed or live in depression with the uncertainty of seizure-occurring time in daily lives, since most epileptic seizures come all of a sudden. A seizure detection and/or prediction method can help identify the occurrence of seizures and alleviate the uncertainties, hence improving the quality of life of epileptic patients. In the dissertation, the epileptic brain state transition and epileptic brain network were investigated with dynamic measures, granger causality, network modeling and optimization. With the electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings, epileptic brain network was constructed using dynamic features and dependency or causal functions. The relationship between the change of epileptic brain network and the evolution of epileptic seizure was further investigated and some indications were found for identifying the preictal and ictal periods. Furthermore, alternative methods using multiple features extraction and classification were applied to investigate the epileptic brain state transition, using principle component analysis, support vector machine, and skeleton methods. In addition, the electrocardiogram (ECG) based seizure detection methods were also investigated. Last but not least, a patient classification method for the fast diagnosis of nonconvulsive status epilepticus from toxic metabolic encephalopathies was presented.