Ignition Delay Characteristics In Modified Open Cup Apparatus Of Several Fuels With Nitric Acid Oxidants Within Temperature Range 70 Degrees To 105 Degrees F
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Ignition Delay Characteristics In Modified Open Cup Apparatus Of Several Fuels With Nitric Acid Oxidants Within Temperature Range 70 Degrees To 105 Degrees F
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Author : Riley O. Miller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1951
Ignition Delay Characteristics In Modified Open Cup Apparatus Of Several Fuels With Nitric Acid Oxidants Within Temperature Range 70 Degrees To 105 Degrees F written by Riley O. Miller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1951 with Aeronautics categories.
Ignition Delays And Fluid Properties Of Several Fuels And Nitric Acid Oxidants In Temperature Range From 70 Degrees To 105 Degrees Fahrenheit
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Author : Riley O. Miller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1956
Ignition Delays And Fluid Properties Of Several Fuels And Nitric Acid Oxidants In Temperature Range From 70 Degrees To 105 Degrees Fahrenheit written by Riley O. Miller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1956 with Combustion categories.
At -40 degrees F, several blends of aromatic amines with triethylamine show promise as ignitor fuels with mixed acid (nitric acid plus sulfuric acid) and red fuming nitric acid} and some of these fuels may be useful also with white fuming nitric acid.
Ignition Delay Characteristics In Modified Open Cut Aparatus Of Several Fuels With Nitric Acid Oxidants Within Temperature Range 70 To 150 Degrees F
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Author : Riley O. Miller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1951
Ignition Delay Characteristics In Modified Open Cut Aparatus Of Several Fuels With Nitric Acid Oxidants Within Temperature Range 70 To 150 Degrees F written by Riley O. Miller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1951 with categories.
Ignition Delays Of Some Nonaromatic Fuels With Low Freezing Red Fuming Nitric Acid In Temperature Range 40 Degrees To 105 Degrees F
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Author : Riley O. Miller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1953
Ignition Delays Of Some Nonaromatic Fuels With Low Freezing Red Fuming Nitric Acid In Temperature Range 40 Degrees To 105 Degrees F written by Riley O. Miller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1953 with categories.
Ignition Delay Determinations Of Furfuryl Alcohol And Mixed Butyl Mercaptans With Various White Fuming Nitric Acids Using Modified Open Cup And Small Scale Rocket Engine Apparatus
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Author : Dezso J. Ladanyi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1955
Ignition Delay Determinations Of Furfuryl Alcohol And Mixed Butyl Mercaptans With Various White Fuming Nitric Acids Using Modified Open Cup And Small Scale Rocket Engine Apparatus written by Dezso J. Ladanyi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1955 with Charts, diagrams, etc categories.
Approximate linear relations were obtained when the logarithm of ignition delay was plotted against the reciprocal of absolute temperature for furfuryl alcohol and white fuming nitric acid (16 percent water) in the small-scale rocket engine (approximately 50 lb thrust) and for mixed butyl mercaptans and white fuming nitric acid (2 percent water) in a modified open-cup apparatus. Zero-temperature coefficients of ignition delay were obtained for furfuryl alcohol and white fuming nitric acid (2 percent water) in both apparatus for the temperature ranges investigated.
Ignition Delay At Various High Pressures An Experimental Study
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Author : Ritu Gaur
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2019-11-13
Ignition Delay At Various High Pressures An Experimental Study written by Ritu Gaur and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2019 in the subject Engineering - Chemical Engineering, , course: M.TECH, language: English, abstract: This work is an experimental study for the measurement of ignition delay characteristics of burning fuel sprays in cylindrical combustion chambers. It is carried out on hot air and high pressure. The objective of the study is to investigation the effect of hot air temperature and a well as high pressure on ignition delay of diesel fuel sprays. The effect of blending of n-Pentane with pure diesel was investigated. An experimental set up was design for this purpose with the emphasis on optical method for measurement of ignition delay at various pressures. The results presented here show that ignition delay of diesel fuel spray decreases with increase in the temperature and pressure of hot air. Results also show the effect of methyl group being more dominant at low ignition temperatures and that of alkyl group being more dominant at higher temperature. Blending of n-pentane with diesel fuel, increase its ignition delay at low ignition temperatures. However, as the concentration of blending fuel was increased beyond 30%, the ignition temperature increase. Ignition temperature for 40% pentane blends is much higher that the pure diesel.
The Effects Of Several Variables Upon The Ignition Lag Of Hypergolic Fuels Oxidized By Nitric Acid
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Author : Stanley V. Gunn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1952
The Effects Of Several Variables Upon The Ignition Lag Of Hypergolic Fuels Oxidized By Nitric Acid written by Stanley V. Gunn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1952 with categories.
Effect Of Concentration On Ignition Delays For Various Fuel Oxygen Nitrogen Mixtures At Elevated Temperatures
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Author : E. Anagnstou
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1956
Effect Of Concentration On Ignition Delays For Various Fuel Oxygen Nitrogen Mixtures At Elevated Temperatures written by E. Anagnstou and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1956 with Hydrocarbons categories.
Ignition delays for mixtures of ethane, n-butane, isobutane, hydrogen, or propane with oxygen and nitrogen were measured using a flow system with two experimental procedures. Delays were measured in the temperature ranges 571 to 733 degrees C for ethane, 444 to 715 degrees C for n-butane, 564 to 713 degrees C for isobutane, 594 to 652 degrees C for hydrogen, and 540 to 681 degrees C for propane. The effect of fuel concentration was measured for all fuels, and delays were inversely proportional to fuel concentration to the 0.6 to 1.7 power. The effect of oxygen concentration was measured for propane and the butanes, and, in general, delays decreased slightly with increasing oxygen concentration. However, at very low temperatures, for n-butane, the dependence on oxygen concentration increased. The two procedures gave different absolute values for the delays, but the trends were the same by either method. Fram the variation of delay with temperature at constsnt fuel and oxygen concentration, apparent activation energies were calculated.
Measurements Of Ignition Times Oh Time Histories And Reaction Rates In Jet Fuel And Surrogate Oxidation Systems
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Author : Subith Vasu Sumathi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Measurements Of Ignition Times Oh Time Histories And Reaction Rates In Jet Fuel And Surrogate Oxidation Systems written by Subith Vasu Sumathi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Fossil-based hydrocarbon fuels account for over 80% of the primary energy consumed in the world - it is still expected to be about 70% in year 2050 - and nearly 60% of that amount is used in the transport sector. The basis for globalization is transportation and a driving force has been the growth in global air traffic. The current climate crisis magnifies the need for improving the performance of jet engines by introducing scientific designs in which the use of chemical kinetics will be essential and critical for better performance and reducing pollutant emissions. Most aviation fuels are jet fuels originating from crude oil and there are major gaps in our knowledge of the high-temperature chemistry of real liquid carbon-based fuels. There is a critical need for experimental kinetic databases that can be used for the validation and refinement of jet fuel surrogate mechanisms. To fill this need, experiments were performed using shock tube and laser absorption methods to investigate jet fuel and surrogate oxidation systems under engine-relevant conditions. Ignition times and OH species time-histories were measured and low-uncertainty measurements of the reactions of OH with several stable intermediates were carried out. The work presented in this study can be broken into three categories: 1) jet fuel oxidation, 2) surrogate oxidation, and 3) OH radical reactions with several stable combustion intermediates. Ignition delay times were measured for gas-phase jet fuel oxidation (Jet-A and JP-8) in air behind reflected shock waves in a heated high-pressure shock tube. Initial reflected shock conditions were as follows: temperatures of 715-1229 K, pressures of 17-51 atm, equivalence ratios (phi) of 0.5 and 1, and oxygen concentrations of 10 and 21 % in synthetic air. Ignition delay times were measured using sidewall pressure and OH* emission at 306 nm. The new experimental results were modeled using several kinetic mechanisms using various jet fuel surrogate mixtures. Normal and cyclo alkanes are the two most important chemical classes found in jet fuels. Ignition delay time experiments were conducted during high-pressure oxidation of two commonly used representative components for normal and cyclo alkanes in jet fuel surrogates, i.e., n-dodecane and methylcyclohexane (MCH), respectively. Fuel/air ignition was studied for the following shock conditions: temperatures of 727-1177 K, pressures of 17-50 atm, phi's of 0.5 and 1. OH concentration time-histories during high-pressure n-dodecane, n-heptane and MCH oxidation were measured behind reflected shock waves in a heated, high-pressure shock tube. Experimental conditions covered temperatures of 1121 to 1422 K, pressures of 14.1-16.7 atm, and initial fuel concentrations of 500 to 1000 ppm (by volume), and an equivalence ratio of 0.5 with O2 as the oxidizer in argon as the bath gas. OH concentrations were measured using narrow-linewidth ring-dye laser absorption near the R-branchhead of the OH A-X (0,0) system at 306.47 nm. Detailed comparisons of these data with the predictions of various kinetic mechanisms were made. Sensitivity and pathway analyses for these reference fuel components were performed, leading to reaction rate recommendations with improved model performance. Reactions of OH radical with two alkenes (ethylene and propene) and a diene (1,3-butadiene) were studied behind reflected shock waves. Measurements were conducted in the range of temperatures from 890-1438 K and pressures from 1.99-10.18 atm for three initial concentrations of fuels (500ppm, 751.1ppm and 1000ppm). OH radicals were produced by shock-heating tert-butyl hydroperoxide, (CH3)3-CO-OH, and monitored by narrow-line width ring dye laser absorption of the well characterized R1(5) line of the OH A-X (0, 0) band near 306.7 nm. OH time-histories were modeled by using a modified oxidation mechanism and rate constants for the reactions of OH with ethylene, propene, and 1,3-butadiene were extracted by matching modeled and measured OH concentration time histories in the reflected shock region. Detailed error analyses yielded an uncertainty estimate of " 22.8% (OH+ethylene at 1201 K), "16.5% (OH+propene at 1136 K), and "13% (OH+1,3-butadiene at 1200K). Canonical and variational transition state theory calculations using recent ab initio results gave excellent agreement with our experimental measurements and data outside our range and hence the resulting expressions can be used directly in combustion models. In the current studies, a rate measurement for the decomposition of TBHP has been obtained in the range 745-1014 K using both incident and reflected OH data.
A Study Of The Ignition Delay Of Triethyl Trithiophosphite With Nitric Acid In An Impinging Stream Rocket Starter Motor
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1953
A Study Of The Ignition Delay Of Triethyl Trithiophosphite With Nitric Acid In An Impinging Stream Rocket Starter Motor written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1953 with categories.
Delays were measured in a small rocket motor using a single pair of impinging fuel and oxidizer streams at 70 deg, 32 deg, and -40 deg F with fuel containing 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 vol-% heptane. The acid was adjusted to 1% H sub2 O, 0.5% NO sub2, and 98.5% HNO sub3. Hard starts and long, variable delays were obtained in the lowest (EtS)sub3 P concentration range. The delays were short and independent of concentration or temperature with 90 and 100% (EtS)sub3 P. The time of ignition was determined by photocell and chamber-pressure pickup methods; the values agreed within the precision of measurement. Precaution similar to those for PhNH sub2 or N sub2 H sub 4 are necessary in handling (EtS) sub3 P.