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Imf Supported Programs And Income Convergence In Low Income Countries


Imf Supported Programs And Income Convergence In Low Income Countries
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Imf Supported Programs And Income Convergence In Low Income Countries


Imf Supported Programs And Income Convergence In Low Income Countries
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Author : Tejesh Pradhan
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-12-13

Imf Supported Programs And Income Convergence In Low Income Countries written by Tejesh Pradhan and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-13 with Business & Economics categories.


Continuing the empirical debate on the effects of IMF-supported programs on participating countries’ macroeconomic performance, we focus on the issue of whether these programs accelerate conditional ß-convergence among low-income countries (LICs). We use an unbalanced panel dataset for 85 LICs over the period 1986-2015 and employ two different econometric methods to address the selection bias problem. Our empirical results suggest that the rate of conditional income per capita convergence is faster among LICs with extended IMF support than that in countries without support or with intermittent support.



Imf Supported Programs And Income Convergence In Low Income Countries


Imf Supported Programs And Income Convergence In Low Income Countries
DOWNLOAD
Author : Tejesh Pradhan
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-12-13

Imf Supported Programs And Income Convergence In Low Income Countries written by Tejesh Pradhan and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-13 with Business & Economics categories.


Continuing the empirical debate on the effects of IMF-supported programs on participating countries’ macroeconomic performance, we focus on the issue of whether these programs accelerate conditional ß-convergence among low-income countries (LICs). We use an unbalanced panel dataset for 85 LICs over the period 1986-2015 and employ two different econometric methods to address the selection bias problem. Our empirical results suggest that the rate of conditional income per capita convergence is faster among LICs with extended IMF support than that in countries without support or with intermittent support.



Growth Slowdowns And The Middle Income Trap


Growth Slowdowns And The Middle Income Trap
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Author : Mr.Shekhar Aiyar
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2013-03-20

Growth Slowdowns And The Middle Income Trap written by Mr.Shekhar Aiyar and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-20 with Business & Economics categories.


The “middle-income trap” is the phenomenon of hitherto rapidly growing economies stagnating at middle-income levels and failing to graduate into the ranks of high-income countries. In this study we examine the middle-income trap as a special case of growth slowdowns, which are identified as large sudden and sustained deviations from the growth path predicted by a basic conditional convergence framework. We then examine their determinants by means of probit regressions, looking into the role of institutions, demography, infrastructure, the macroeconomic environment, output structure and trade structure. Two variants of Bayesian Model Averaging are used as robustness checks. The results—including some that indeed speak to the special status of middle-income countries—are then used to derive policy implications, with a particular focus on Asian economies.



International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021


International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021
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Author : International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2021-10-04

International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021 written by International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-04 with Business & Economics categories.


A recovery is underway, but the economic fallout from the global pandemic could be with us for years to come. With the crisis exacerbating prepandemic vulnerabilities, country prospects are diverging. Nearly half of emerging market and developing economies and some middle-income countries are now at risk of falling further behind, undoing much of the progress made toward achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals.



Slovenia


Slovenia
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Author : Mojmir Mrak
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2004-01-01

Slovenia written by Mojmir Mrak and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-01 with Political Science categories.


Thirteen years after independence from the former Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia, Slovenia has become one of the most advanced transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe and will become a member of the EU in May 2004. This publication examines the country's recent political and socio-economic history, its transition to a market economy and the challenges that lie ahead. It includes contributions from Slovenia's president, a former vice prime minister, the current and previous ministers of finance, the minister of European Affairs, the current and former governors of the Bank of Slovenia, as well as from leading development scholars in Slovenia and abroad.



International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2023


International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2023
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Author : International Monetary
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2023-09-28

International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2023 written by International Monetary and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-28 with Business & Economics categories.


The 2023 IMF Annual Report highlights the IMF’s work to support its members to address successive shocks, including Russia’s war on Ukraine, inflation, debt vulnerabilities, inequality food insecurity, geoeconomic fragmentation, climate change, and digitalization. In FY 2023, the Fund continued to support its members in our three core areas: 1) Economic surveillance: 126 country health checks completed.2) Lending: $74 billion to 36 countries, including about $11 billion to 21 low-income countries, for a total of $294 billion to 96 countries since the start of the pandemic. 3) Capacity development: $337 million for hands-on technical advice, policy-oriented training, and peer learning. The report is also available in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish. Note: The 2023 IMF Annual Report covers the activities of the Executive Board and IMF management and staff during the financial year May 1, 2022, through April 30, 2023, and in some cases more recently. Background: The Annual Report website includes the IMF’s financial statements for FY 2023 and other background documentation. The Annual Report and the financial statements are also available online at www.imfbookstore.org or www.elibrary.IMF.org



Pacific Island Economies


Pacific Island Economies
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Author : Mr. Christopher Browne
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2006-08-28

Pacific Island Economies written by Mr. Christopher Browne and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-08-28 with Business & Economics categories.


The Pacific island region has considerable potential for development, especially in the areas of tourism, fisheries, forestry, mining, and agriculture. However, these countries face many challenges to developing their economies and raising living standards, including their small size, distance from major markets, and vulnerability to natural disasters. The first half of this book provides an assessment of regional issues. The second half includes country-specific chapters, which provide an overview of each countries' economic performance since independence and the main challenges ahead.



Globalization And National Financial Systems


Globalization And National Financial Systems
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Author : James A. Hanson
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2003

Globalization And National Financial Systems written by James A. Hanson and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Business & Economics categories.


This book breaks new ground by exploring the challenges, constraints, and opportunities of national financial systems in developing countries, while noting that all such systems must be considered small when viewed in the context of global finance. Banking, securities, contractual savings, and systemic macroeconomic aspects are all considered.



Does Conditionality In Imf Supported Programs Promote Revenue Reform


Does Conditionality In Imf Supported Programs Promote Revenue Reform
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Author : Ernesto Crivelli
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2014-11-19

Does Conditionality In Imf Supported Programs Promote Revenue Reform written by Ernesto Crivelli and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-19 with Business & Economics categories.


This paper studies whether revenue conditionality in Fund-supported programs had any impact on the revenue performance of 126 low- and middle-income countries during 1993-2013. The results indicate that such conditionality had a positive impact on tax revenue, with strongest improvement felt on taxes on goods and services, including the VAT. Revenue conditionality matters more for low-income countries, particularly those where revenue ratios are below the group average. Moreover, revenue conditionality appears to be more effective when targeted to a specific tax. These results hold after controlling for potential endogeneity, sample selection bias, and when revenues are adjusted for economic cycle.



Asean Progress Towards Sustainable Development Goals And The Role Of The Imf


Asean Progress Towards Sustainable Development Goals And The Role Of The Imf
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-11-08

Asean Progress Towards Sustainable Development Goals And The Role Of The Imf written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-08 with Business & Economics categories.


"Attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will require that the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries continue their considerable past achievements. The Millennium Development Goals—which were to have been met by 2015—helped focus attention on achieving progress towards poverty reduction, better health outcomes, and improvements in education in the ASEAN developing countries. The 17 SDGs—adopted in 2015 and to be met by 2030—cover a wider set of interlinked development objectives, such as inclusion and environmental sustainability, which are important for all countries, including all ASEAN member countries. ASEAN countries have made significant progress in improving incomes and economic opportunities, including for women, and reducing poverty since 2000. Reflecting the economic dynamism of the region, strong income growth, structural transformation, and infrastructure improvements continue to support sustainable development in ASEAN. With continued income growth and strong policy efforts, most ASEAN countries are on track to eradicate absolute poverty by 2030, a major milestone. Also, several ASEAN countries already do relatively well in terms of gender equality. As a result, given support from continued income gains, economic welfare in ASEAN countries is expected to continue converging towards advanced Asia levels. Ensuring more inclusive and environmentally sustainable growth presents a key challenge for ASEAN. Despite some progress, income inequality remains relatively high in several countries and the shift towards manufacturing strains environmental sustainability. These challenges hamper ASEAN welfare convergence relative to advanced Asia. Policies to close these gaps in sustainable development can lead to significant gains. For the lower-middle-income ASEAN countries, in particular, more determined policy efforts are needed to improve infrastructure, as well as health and education outcomes. Remaining sustainable development challenges call for comprehensive, country-specific SDG strategies formulated in the context of national development plans and close monitoring through the voluntary review process. Pursuing sustainable development entails sizeable spending needs. Estimates for Indonesia and Vietnam, the two cases studies considered in this paper, show that reaching the level of best performers in their income group in infrastructure, health, and education by 2030 could entail an additional cost of 51⁄2–61⁄2 percent of GDP per year. While development needs vary across countries, estimates suggest large spending needs for most ASEAN countries. Meeting them will require efforts on multiple fronts, including improvements in spending efficiency, tax capacity, and support from the private sector. For developing ASEAN countries, concessional financing from development partners will be required. The IMF continues to engage ASEAN countries in key areas as they pursue their SDGs. As called for in their mandates, ASEAN and the IMF both strive for economic growth and sustainable development through economic integration and collaboration among their member countries. The IMF has increased its engagement with ASEAN countries to support their policy efforts through its policy diagnostics, advice, and capacity development. ASEAN countries have also received support through IMF initiatives in strengthening revenue mobilization, building state capacity for infrastructure provision, pursuing economic and financial inclusion, addressing the challenges of climate change, strengthening economic institutions for good governance, and building statistical capacity. While fundamental reforms to improve sustainable development take time to bear fruit, there is evidence that efforts have started to pay off. "