Imitation Strategies Used By 15 And 21 Month Old Infants For Learning To Work Novel Objects
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Imitation Strategies Used By 15 And 21 Month Old Infants For Learning To Work Novel Objects
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Author : Amy Elissa Brugger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Imitation Strategies Used By 15 And 21 Month Old Infants For Learning To Work Novel Objects written by Amy Elissa Brugger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Imitation in children categories.
This paper explores how young, pre-verbal children are able to learn which actions belong to which objects. It is clear that children learn these action-object pairs at an amazing rate during the first few years of life, just as they learn word-object pairs. Although researchers have looked at similar questions for language acquisition, very little work has been done extending these questions to explore how children pair actions with objects. Most likely, children learn these tasks through many channels including direct instruction and self-exploration of objects; however, these studies focus on the contribution of imitation in facilitating this type of learning. Since young children readily imitate the actions of others, imitation provides an efficient way to learn about their environment and enables the explosion of learned action-object pairs observed during the first few years of life. More specifically, these studies attempt to determine what strategies children use in order to determine what and how they should imitate. What helps a child to constrain the number of possible matches between an object and its canonical actions? And, what cues do children use to determine the important aspects of a model's demonstration? Study 1 presented 15- and 21-month-old children with a two-step action sequence using novel toys in which some of the actions were necessary and some were unnecessary to produce a desired effect. When these children were subsequently given a chance to interact with the toys, they systematically left out certain types of unnecessary actions. Study 2 investigated at what age children learn the importance of attending to a model's hands when learning how to manipulate a toy. There are many aspects of a model's behavior which could be imitated, but humans manipulate most objects with our hands so attending to what a model's hands are doing is especially important. The 21-month-olds in our study were able to both attend to and imitate the model's hands, while the 15-month-olds were not as consistent. Imitation has many demands. These studies are designed to provide some insights into how young children determine what and how to imitate.
Gaze Following
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Author : Ross Flom
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2017-09-25
Gaze Following written by Ross Flom and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-25 with Psychology categories.
What does a child’s ability to look where another is looking tell us about his or her early cognitive development? What does this ability—or lack thereof—tell us about a child’s language development, understanding of other’s intentions, and the emergence of autism? This volume assembles several years of research on the processing of gaze information and its relationship to early social-cognitive development in infants spanning many age groups. Gaze-Following examines how humans and non-human primates use another individual’s direction of gaze to learn about the world around them. The chapters throughout this volume address development in areas including joint attention, early non-verbal social interactions, language development, and theory of mind understanding. Offering novel insights regarding the significance of gaze-following, the editors present research from a neurological and a behavioral perspective, and compare children with and without pervasive developmental disorders. Scholars in the areas of cognitive development specifically, and developmental science more broadly, as well as clinical psychologists will be interested in the intriguing research presented in this volume.
Teach Me To Talk
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011-05-01
Teach Me To Talk written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-01 with Education categories.
The Development Of Infants Action Related Object Knowledge
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Author : Gabriella Óturai
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
The Development Of Infants Action Related Object Knowledge written by Gabriella Óturai and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Stone Knapping
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Author : Valentine Roux
language : en
Publisher: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research
Release Date : 2005
Stone Knapping written by Valentine Roux and has been published by McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Social Science categories.
How were early stone tools made, and what can they tell us about the development of human cognition? This question lies at the basis of archaeological research on human origins and evolution, and the present volume fulfils a growing need among advanced students and researchers working in this field. The individual chapters by a range of leading international scholars approach stone knapping from a multidisciplinary perspective that embraces psychology, physiology, behavioural biology and primatology as well as archaeology. The skills and behaviour of humans and their primate relatives are key parts of the enquiry. The result is a better understanding of early human engagement with the material world and the complex actions required for the creation of stone tools. The book contains many illustrations and is extensively referenced, and provides a landmark contribution in this field.
The Oxford Handbook Of Developmental Psychology Vol 1
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Author : Philip David Zelazo
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-01-15
The Oxford Handbook Of Developmental Psychology Vol 1 written by Philip David Zelazo and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-15 with Psychology categories.
Research in developmental psychology--which examines the history, origins, and causes of behavior and age-related changes in behavior--seeks to construct a complex, multi-level characterization of behavior as it unfolds in time across a range of time scales, from the milliseconds of reaction time to the days and weeks of childhood, the decades of the human lifespan, and even beyond, to multiple generations. Behavior, in this view, is embedded within what is essentially a dynamic system of relations extending deep within individuals. Thorough and engaging, this handbook explores the impact of this research on what is now known about psychological development, from birth to biological maturity, and it highlights the extent to which the most cutting-edge developmental science reflects a new kind of intellectual synthesis: one that reveals how cultural, social, cognitive, neural, and molecular processes work together to yield human behavior and changes in human behavior. With insightful contributions from more than 50 of the world's leading developmental scientists, these two volumes will serve as an influential and informed text for students and as an authoritative desk reference for years to come.
The Verbal Behavior Approach
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Author : Mary Lynch Barbera
language : en
Publisher: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
Release Date : 2007-05-15
The Verbal Behavior Approach written by Mary Lynch Barbera and has been published by Jessica Kingsley Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-15 with Education categories.
The Verbal Behavior (VB) approach is a form of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), that is based on B.F. Skinner's analysis of verbal behavior and works particularly well with children with minimal or no speech abilities. In this book Dr. Mary Lynch Barbera draws on her own experiences as a Board Certified Behavior Analyst and also as a parent of a child with autism to explain VB and how to use it. This step-by-step guide provides an abundance of information about how to help children develop better language and speaking skills, and also explains how to teach non-vocal children to use sign language. An entire chapter focuses on ways to reduce problem behavior, and there is also useful information on teaching toileting and other important self-help skills, that would benefit any child. This book will enable parents and professionals unfamiliar with the principles of ABA and VB to get started immediately using the Verbal Behavior approach to teach children with autism and related disorders.
The Oxford Handbook Of Developmental Psychology Vol 1
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Author : Philip David Zelazo
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-03-21
The Oxford Handbook Of Developmental Psychology Vol 1 written by Philip David Zelazo and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-21 with Medical categories.
This handbook provides a comprehensive survey of what is now known about psychological development, from birth to biological maturity, and it highlights how cultural, social, cognitive, neural, and molecular processes work together to yield human behavior and changes in human behavior.
Transforming The Workforce For Children Birth Through Age 8
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-07-23
Transforming The Workforce For Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-23 with Social Science categories.
Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.
Biology Of Play
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Author : Barbara Tizard
language : en
Publisher: Heinemann Educational Books
Release Date : 1977
Biology Of Play written by Barbara Tizard and has been published by Heinemann Educational Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Psychology categories.
How can we define 'play'? How does play behaviour develop? Can it be measured? Is it a universal childhood phenomenon? Do children learn through play? In an attempt to answer these and other questions, Biology of Play offers a wide, selective range of current thinking, observational work and experiments on play. Additionally, the more practical clinical and educational aspects of the subject are discussed, e.g. the r(le of play in psychotherapy, the organisation of play in nursery groups and the provision of play space in urban housing estates. The papers presented in this book - from contributors in Britain, the United States, Sweden, Holland and Israel - are as diverse as the subject itself. The papers should prove of especial interest to play leaders, educationalists, social workers, psychologists and paediatricians.