Immune Evasion Mechanisms By Rna Viruses
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Immune Evasion Mechanisms By Rna Viruses
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Author : Bin Su
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-04-06
Immune Evasion Mechanisms By Rna Viruses written by Bin Su and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-06 with Medical categories.
Rna Viruses
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Author : Decheng Yang
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2009
Rna Viruses written by Decheng Yang and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Medical categories.
This is the first comprehensive book on human/animal gene responses to RNA viral infections, including prevalent, emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses such as HIV, SARS-CoV, West Nile virus, influenza virus and many others. Human gene responses are reviewed by leading virologists worldwide in the following aspects: (i) the altered gene expression profiles at the transcriptional and translational levels detected with cutting-edge technologies such as cDNA microarray and proteomics; (ii) host innate and adapted immune responses to viral replication in target organs; (iii) virus-activated signal transduction pathways in cell survival, apoptosis and autophagosomal pathways; and (iv) the small interfering RNA/microRNA-mediated gene silencing pathway, a recently characterized new host defense mechanism against viral infection. Organized into 29 highly accessible and well-illustrated chapters, this volume explores state-of-the-art knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of RNA virus infection and host?virus interactions. This comprehensive compilation of the altered gene expression profiles and signal transduction pathways in host cells in response to the majority of human/animal RNA viruses opens new directions for basic and clinical research on viral pathogenesis, and also provides valuable biomarkers for researchers to select gene targets in the development of diagnostic tests and antiviral therapeutics for a number of infectious diseases.
Viral Evasion Mechanisms Of The Host Response
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Author : Ricardo Martín Gómez
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-04-06
Viral Evasion Mechanisms Of The Host Response written by Ricardo Martín Gómez and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-06 with categories.
Respiratory Rna Viruses Molecular Mechanisms Of Viral Replication And Pathogenicity
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Author : Wei Wei
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-04-17
Respiratory Rna Viruses Molecular Mechanisms Of Viral Replication And Pathogenicity written by Wei Wei and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-17 with Science categories.
Janeway S Immunobiology
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Author : Kenneth Murphy
language : en
Publisher: Garland Science
Release Date : 2010-06-22
Janeway S Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and has been published by Garland Science this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-22 with Medical categories.
The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Viral Replication
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Author : German Rosas-Acosta
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2013-02-27
Viral Replication written by German Rosas-Acosta and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-27 with Medical categories.
This book provides a collection of in-depth reviews broadly related to the mechanisms of viral replication as applied to various viruses of critical relevance for human or animal disease. Specifically, this book contains six different chapters: 1) Influenza A Virus Multiplication and the Cellular SUMOylation System; 2) West Nile Virus: Basic Principles, Replication Mechanism, Immune Response and Important Genetic Determinants of Virulence; 3) Hepatitis B Virus Genetic Diversity: Disease Pathogenesis; 4) An Overview of the Immune Evasion Strategies Adopted by Different Viruses With Special Reference to Classical Swine Fever Virus; 5) Viral Replication Strategies: Manipulation of ER Stress Response Pathways and Promotion of IRES-Dependent Translation; 6) Antiviral Replication Agents. This book is aimed at students, scholars, professors, and investigators who are peripherally related to, or somehow intrigued by, the different areas of virology covered in this book, as well as at those individuals with greater expertise and knowledge in the topics herein presented who may want up-to-date in depth reviews related to such topics.
Human Tumor Viruses
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Author : Dennis J. McCance
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Human Tumor Viruses written by Dennis J. McCance and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Oncogenic viruses categories.
This valuable new book describes the molecular biology and pathogenesis of certain viruses linked with human cancers. It provides an up–to–date account of the progress in our knowledge of the virus/host interactions which lead to cancer, as well as insights on the complexity of virus/host interactions in general, most of which have yet to be delineated. The volume also offers an historical perspective of cancer viruses as well as an examination of the geographical distribution and prevalence of cancers. Human Tumor Viruses is essential reading for researchers and graduate students in virology, cell biology, pathology, and oncology and for anyone engaged in cancer research.
Rna Binding Is A Determinant For Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein Zap Inhibition Of Alphaviruses
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Author : LeAnn Pham Nguyen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Rna Binding Is A Determinant For Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein Zap Inhibition Of Alphaviruses written by LeAnn Pham Nguyen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
As the potential for viral epidemics grows, so does the need to understand host antiviral mechanisms and the ways in which viruses evade these defenses. Alphaviruses are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that cause serious disease in humans and whose geographic distributions continue to expand. The type I interferon (IFN) response controls the acute phase of alphavirus infection by stimulating expression of antiviral effectors including zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP). ZAP restricts certain alphaviruses by translational inhibition. While the ability of ZAP to bind RNA is critical for its antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of viruses, it is unclear how ZAP RNA binding is linked to its ability to inhibit viral RNA translation. The precise determinants of ZAP recognition of viral and host RNA also remain uncertain. In this dissertation, we aimed to elucidate the principles and functional consequences of ZAP RNA recognition during alphavirus infection. First, we characterized how RNA binding by ZAP and its co-factor TRIM25 affects their abilities to inhibit viral RNA translation. We demonstrated that mutations targeting the ability of ZAP to bind CpG dinucleotides also compromises its ability to restrict viral replication and translation. Additionally, we found a negative correlation between the ability of ZAP to bind RNA and its ability to interact with TRIM25, suggesting that these interactions may form distinct determinants for ZAP antiviral activity against different viruses. Next, we leveraged a panel of related alphaviruses with different sensitivities to ZAP to investigate the molecular determinants of how some alphaviruses can evade ZAP restriction. Previous work from our lab found that Ross River virus (RRV) and Sindbis virus (SINV) are sensitive to ZAP inhibition, while o'nyong'nyong virus (ONNV) and the particularly pathogenic chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are resistant to ZAP. We identified a 500-bp window within the genomes of these viruses where in vitro ZAP CpG-specific binding correlates with ZAP sensitivity. However, upon testing ZAP binding to other windows with CpG contents correlating to ZAP sensitivity, we found that ZAP preferentially binds CpG dinucleotides only in certain alphavirus RNA contexts. Our results suggest a potential strategy of immune evasion by ZAP-resistant alphaviruses by suppression or masking of CpG dinucleotides in regions important for ZAP recognition and/or inhibition. Finally, we investigated ZAP binding to virus and host RNA in a cellular context during infection with a ZAP-sensitive alphavirus virus, SINV, and a ZAP-resistant alphavirus, CHIKV. We found that ZAP binds distinct regions of the SINV and CHIKV genomes and that ZAP binding sites on host mRNAs also shift during infection with these two viruses. These findings provide a basis for evaluating strategies by which a highly pathogenic virus like CHIKV may evade recognition and remodel the host cellular environment during infection. The work presented in this dissertation broadens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying immune recognition of alphaviruses, as well as how some alphaviruses have developed strategies to subvert this recognition. Our results will provide targets for the development of antivirals to reinforce weak points in the immune response.
Nucleic Acid Sensors And Antiviral Immunity
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Author : Dr. Prakash Sambhara
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2012-11-26
Nucleic Acid Sensors And Antiviral Immunity written by Dr. Prakash Sambhara and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-26 with Science categories.
The discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the late 1990s ushered in a new age of discovery for innate immunity. The importance of TLRs for immunology and biomedical research was recognized with the Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology in 2011. The prize was shared by three scientists: Ralph Steinman (for the discovery of dendritic cells, whi
Ranaviruses
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Author : Matthew J. Gray
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-09
Ranaviruses written by Matthew J. Gray and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-09 with Science categories.
This is the first book on ranaviruses. Ranaviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses that cause hemorrhagic disease in amphibians, reptiles, and fish. They have caused mass die-offs of ectothermic vertebrates in wild and captive populations around the globe. There is evidence that this pathogen is emerging and responsible for population declines in certain locations. Considering that amphibians and freshwater turtles are suitable hosts and the most imperiled vertebrate taxa in the world, ranaviruses can have significant impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem function. Additionally, many fish that are raised in aquaculture facilities and traded internationally are suitable hosts; thus, the potential economic impact of ranaviruses is significant. Ranaviruses also serve as a model for replication and gene function of large double-stranded DNA viruses. There is an urgent need to assemble the contemporary information on ranaviruses and provide guidance on how to assess their threats in populations. Through the Global Ranavirus Consortium, 24 experts from six countries were organize to write this volume, the first book on ranaviruses. The book begins with a discussion on the global extent of ranaviruses, case histories of infection and disease in ectothermic vertebrates, and current phylogeny. Basic principles of ranavirus ecology and evolution are covered next, with a focus on host-pathogen interactions and how the virus emerges in its environment. There are two chapters that will discuss the molecular biology of ranaviruses, host response to infection, and the genes responsible for immune system evasion. One chapter establishes standards for testing for infection and diagnosing ranaviral disease. The book ends by providing guidance on how to design ranavirus surveillance studies and analyze data to determine risk, and discussing the role of the Global Ranavirus Consortium in organizing research and outreach activities.