Impacts Of Intermittent Renewable Generation On Electricity System Costs
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Impacts Of Intermittent Renewable Generation On Electricity System Costs
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Author : Joan Batalla Bejerano
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Impacts Of Intermittent Renewable Generation On Electricity System Costs written by Joan Batalla Bejerano and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
The Costs And Impacts Of Intermittency
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
The Costs And Impacts Of Intermittency written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Electric industries categories.
Curtailing Intermittent Generation In Electrical Systems
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Author : Owen Q. Wu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Curtailing Intermittent Generation In Electrical Systems written by Owen Q. Wu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Energy generation from intermittent renewable sources introduces additional variability into electrical systems, resulting in a higher cost of balancing against the increased variabilities. Ways to balance demand and supply for electricity include using flexible generation resources, storage operations, and curtailing intermittent generation. This paper focuses on the operational and environmental impact of curtailing intermittent generation. We construct a stochastic dynamic optimization model that captures the critical components of the system operating cost and analyze how various generation resources should operate with and without curtailing intermittent generation. We find that the system cost reduction per unit of curtailed energy is consistently significant, and the presence of storage may increase the cost saving per unit of curtailed energy. We also find that curtailing intermittent generation often leads to system emission reductions.
Effects Of Intermittent Generation On The Economics And Operation Of Prospective Baseload Power Plants
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Author : Jordan Taylor Kearns
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Effects Of Intermittent Generation On The Economics And Operation Of Prospective Baseload Power Plants written by Jordan Taylor Kearns and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
The electricity system is transitioning from a system comprised primarily of dispatchable generators to a system increasingly reliant on wind and solar power-intermittent sources of electricity with output dependent on meteorological conditions, adding both variability and uncertainty to the system. Dispatchable generators with a high ratio of fixed to variable costs have historically relied on operating at maximum output as often as possible to spread these fixed costs over as much electricity generation as possible. Higher penetrations of intermittent capacity create market conditions that lead to lower capacity factors for these generators, presenting an economic challenge. Increasing penetrations of intermittent capacity, however, also leads to more volatile electricity prices, with highest prices in hours that renewable sources are unavailable. The ability of dispatchable generators to provide energy during these high priced hours may counteract the loss of revenue from reduced operating hours. Given the disparate revenues received in this volatile market, the relative competitiveness of generation technologies cannot be informed by their cost alone; the value of generators based on their production profiles must also be considered. Consequently, comparisons of generator competitiveness based on traditional metrics such as the levelized cost of electricity are misleading, and power system models able to convey the relative value of generators should instead be used to compare generator competitiveness. The purpose of this thesis is to assess the relative competitiveness of generation technologies in an efficient market under various penetrations of intermittent power. This work is specifically concerned with the relative competitiveness of power plants equipped with carbon capture and storage ( CCS) technology, nuclear power plants, and renewable generation capacity. In order to assess relative competitiveness, this work presents an extensive literature review of the costs and technical flexibility of generators, with particular attention to CCS-equipped and nuclear capacity. These costs and flexibility parameters are integrated into a unit commitment model. The unit commitment model for co-optimized reserves and energy (UCCORE), developed as part of this thesis, is a mixed integer linear programming model with a focus on representing hourly price volatility and the intertemporal operational constraints of thermal generators. The model is parameterized to represent the ERCOT power system and is used to solve for generator dispatch and marginal prices at hourly intervals over characteristic weeks. Data from modeled characteristic weeks is interpolated to estimate generator profits over a year to allow for a comparison of generator competitiveness informed by both costs and revenues. Scenario analysis conducted using the UCCORE model shows that the difference in energy prices captured by generators becomes an important driver of relative competitiveness at modest penetrations of intermittent power. Increasing the ratio of intermittent to dispatchable capacity causes intermittent generators to depress market prices during the hours they are available due to their coordinated output. Prices, however, rise in hours when intermittent capacity is unavailable because of scarcity of available capacity. This work develops the weighted value factor to compare the revenues of intermittent and dispatchable generation capacity. The weighted value factor is the market value of a generators production profile relative to an ideal generator dispatched at full capacity for all hours. The results show that as the proportion of intermittent capacity increases, the relative value of dispatchable generators also increases and at an increasing rate. At high penetrations of intermittent capacity, the power system experiences increasing risk of generation shortages leading to exceptionally high prices. In these systems, dispatchable generators able to capture peak pricing become most profitable. At lower penetrations of intermittent capacity, peak pricing remains influential, but is less extreme and the relative importance of low capital and fixed costs increases. The sensitivity of generator profitability to assumed value of lost load, oil and gas price, and carbon price is also assessed. The key implication of these results is that efficient price signals may lead to opportunities for investment in dispatchable generators as the proportion of intermittent capacity on a power system increases. Markets and models that do not capture the full hourly volatility of efficient energy prices, however, are missing critical signals. The importance of these signals on relative competitiveness increases with the penetration of intermittent power. Without accounting for price volatility, markets and models will undervalue dispatchable capacity and overvalue intermittent capacity.
Harnessing Renewable Energy In Electric Power Systems
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Author : Boaz Moselle
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2010-09-23
Harnessing Renewable Energy In Electric Power Systems written by Boaz Moselle and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-23 with Business & Economics categories.
Reflecting its reliance on fossil fuels, the electric power industry produces the majority of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. The need for a revolution in the industry becomes further apparent given that 'decarbonization' means an increasing electrification of other sectors of the economy in particular, through a switch from gasoline to electric vehicles. Of the options for producing electric power without significant greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy is most attractive to policymakers, as it promises increased national self-reliance on energy supplies and the creation of new industries and jobs, without the safety and political concerns of nuclear power or the unproven technology of carbon capture and storage. Drawing on both economic theory and the experiences of the United States and EU member states, Harnessing Renewable Energy addresses the key questions surrounding renewable energy policies. How appropriate is the focus on renewable power as a primary tool for reducing greenhouse gas emissions? If renewable energy is given specific support, what form should that support take? What are the implications for power markets if renewable generation is widely adopted? Thorough and well-evidenced, this book will be of interest to a broad range of policymakers, the electric power industry, and economists who study energy and environmental issues.
The Economics Of Renewable Energy
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Author : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. Select Committee on Economic Affairs
language : en
Publisher: The Stationery Office
Release Date : 2008
The Economics Of Renewable Energy written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. Select Committee on Economic Affairs and has been published by The Stationery Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Business & Economics categories.
The Government aims to increase renewable energy from 1.8 per cent to 15 per cent of energy consumption by 2020, in line with European Commission proposals. This report looks at the economics of renewable energy given the Government's policy to reduce carbon emissions. Chapter 2 gives a brief overview of Britain's energy system and outlines the Government's energy policy objectives. Chapter 3 examines the different renewable technologies used to generate electricity, and compares generation costs between them and contrasts them with fossil fuel-fired plants and nuclear power. Chapter 4 looks at the issues involved in balancing the irregular supply from renewable generators which depend on weather conditions against the continuous demand for electricity. The potential for renewable sources of heat and of transport fuels - an overlooked area even though they account for 80 per cent of UK energy consumption. - is examined in chapter 5. Chapter 6 reviews the key policy issues, the impact of renewable policy on fuel poverty, the planning system for renewable energy, and whether the 15 per cent EU target is achievable. The Committee finds that costs of renewable energy generation are more than conventional means. It recommends that the Government prioritise the development and promotion of the other effective and economic options, both to bring down carbon dioxide emissions and to achieve security of electricity supply. The most reliable renewable sources are tidal barrage and biomass, which are problematic for other reasons, and hydro-power which is near the limit of its potential in the UK. The most reliable low-carbon alternative to renewables is nuclear power, together with conventional fossil fuel generation with carbon capture and storage (if and when that becomes available).
Renewable Electricity And The Grid
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Author : Godfrey Boyle
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-05-04
Renewable Electricity And The Grid written by Godfrey Boyle and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-04 with Nature categories.
Integrating intermittent renewable energy sources like wind into electricity systems must be one of the most misunderstood issues in energy policy. This edited volume brings together a unique series of authoritative articles on the topic. There should be no excuse for misunderstanding from now on. JIM SKEA, RESEARCH DIRECTOR, UK ENERGY RESEARCH CENTRE The future design and operation of electric power systems with large injections of renewable energy generation is the subject of much debate, and some misunderstanding. This timely book, from a number of authors with expertise in the area, makes an important contribution to our understanding of this topic. NICK JENKINS, PROFESSOR OF ENERGY SYSTEMS, UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER We know the future will be different from the past. This book predicts how large proportions of renewable energy can be incorporated into electricity grids, without harm from the natural variability of these supplies. The chapter authors have different approaches and vision, yet the overall message is positive. Not only can we move to dominant use of renewable electricity, but we can do so utilizing many technological and efficiency improvements, with consumers benefiting from clean electricity at acceptable cost. PROFESSOR JOHN TWIDELL, GENERAL EDITOR, WIND ENGINEERING 'Anyone interested in renewable electricity will find this book an important reference. It answers many of teh questions so often raised in public debates' Sherkin Comment Can renewable energy provide reliable power? Will it need extensive backup? The energy available from wind, waves, tides and the sun varies in ways that may not match variations in energy demand. Assimilating these fluctuations can affect the operation and economics of electricity networks, markets and the output of other forms of generation. Is this a significant problem, or can these new sources be integrated into the grid system without the need for extensive backup or energy storage capacity? This book examines the significance of the issue of variability of renewable electricity supplies, and presents technical and operational solutions to the problem of reconciling the differing patterns of supply and demand. Its chapters are authored by leading experts in the field, who aim to explain and quantify the impacts of variability in renewable energy, and in doing so, dispel many of the myths and misunderstandings surrounding the topic.
Intermittent Wind Generation
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Author : Julie Blunden
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Intermittent Wind Generation written by Julie Blunden and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Electric power system stability categories.
Understanding How Generation Flexibility And Renewable Energy Affect Power Market Competition
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Author : Majid Al-Gwaiz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Understanding How Generation Flexibility And Renewable Energy Affect Power Market Competition written by Majid Al-Gwaiz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
We study supply function competition among conventional power generators with different levels of flexibility. Inflexible generators commit production before uncertainties are realized, while flexible generators can adjust their production after uncertainties are realized. Both types of generators compete in an electricity market by submitting supply functions to a system operator, who solves a two-stage stochastic program to determine the production level for each generator and the corresponding market prices in the first and second stages. Our goal is to gain an understanding of how generators' (in)flexibility affects their equilibrium behavior and the market price. We also investigate the impact of intermittent renewable power generation on the equilibrium, focusing on the effects of renewable energy penetration level, dispatch priority, and production-based subsidies. We find that the classic supply function equilibrium model overestimates the intensity of the market competition, and even more so as renewable energy introduces more intermittency into the system. The policy of economically curtailing intermittent generation intensifies the market competition, reduces price volatility, and improves the system's overall efficiency. Moreover, we show that these benefits are most significant when the production-based subsidies are absent.
Electricity From Renewable Resources
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-04-05
Electricity From Renewable Resources written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-05 with Science categories.
A component in the America's Energy Future study, Electricity from Renewable Resources examines the technical potential for electric power generation with alternative sources such as wind, solar-photovoltaic, geothermal, solar-thermal, hydroelectric, and other renewable sources. The book focuses on those renewable sources that show the most promise for initial commercial deployment within 10 years and will lead to a substantial impact on the U.S. energy system. A quantitative characterization of technologies, this book lays out expectations of costs, performance, and impacts, as well as barriers and research and development needs. In addition to a principal focus on renewable energy technologies for power generation, the book addresses the challenges of incorporating such technologies into the power grid, as well as potential improvements in the national electricity grid that could enable better and more extensive utilization of wind, solar-thermal, solar photovoltaics, and other renewable technologies.