Implications Of Future Eu Policy On The Provision Of Medicines And On Actors In The European Pharmaceutical Sector
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Implications Of Future Eu Policy On The Provision Of Medicines And On Actors In The European Pharmaceutical Sector
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Author : Ewout Johan Marius van Ginneken
language : en
Publisher: Univerlagtuberlin
Release Date : 2009
Implications Of Future Eu Policy On The Provision Of Medicines And On Actors In The European Pharmaceutical Sector written by Ewout Johan Marius van Ginneken and has been published by Univerlagtuberlin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Transposition Of The Patients Rights Directive 2011 24 Eu
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Author : Goscinska, Daria
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin
Release Date : 2014-07-21
Transposition Of The Patients Rights Directive 2011 24 Eu written by Goscinska, Daria and has been published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-21 with Political Science categories.
The Directive on the application of patients´ rights in cross-border healthcare was adopted by the Council of the European Union and the European Parliament on March 9th, 2011. In the context of the adoption deadline on October 25th, 2013, as well as considering the national positioning towards the Directive and the interpretational leeway, it is interesting to see how and to what extent national legislators transpose the Directives´ implications. This paper will focus on the process of transposition, specifically domestic public consultations. The analysis is a two-level comparison: on the one hand, it presents an intrastate study of the various stakeholders involved in the discourse during the transposition process, whereby a country-specific picture of diverse proposals, opinions and challenges can be drawn. On the other hand, the paper marks an inter-country comparison, offering a sample of European adaptational patterns. The healthcare systems of the analysed countries Germany, Poland and Austria are characterised by a Statutory Health Insurance (SHI) system, nevertheless they differ concerning systemic specifics of healthcare, their voting behaviours towards the Directive and initial situations regarding transposable provisions. The study of domestic discourses from an actor-centred perspective concludes on the most critical points of the Directive, which reflect on prior authorisation, reimbursement, information provision and National Contact Points, and on transposition patterns in the member states. Hypotheses on the goodness of fit, the scope of patients´ rights and difficult interpretational areas of the Directive were tested and partly verified. The intrastate study and cross-national comparison revealed considerable differences among a small sample of EU-states, with only some analogies regarding stakeholder and governmental behaviour. The contrast is visible in the number and type of stakeholders, timing of public consultations, the emphasis set in the discourse, frequency of discussed articles and accurateness of implementation. This results not only from the difficult and debated area of health policy, but also from country-specific characteristics. Overall, the analysis indicates how important the process of transposition, as part of EU law-making, is for the correctness and success of European policies. An emphasis on the implementation phase is required to closely understand, analyse and improve the functioning of the Acquis Communautaire. Die Richtlinie über die Ausübung der Patientenrechte in der grenzüberschreitenden Gesundheitsversorgung wurde vom Rat der Europäischen Union sowie dem Europäischen Parlament am 9. März 2011 verabschiedet. Im Kontext der Umsetzungsfrist am 25. Oktober 2013 sowie unter Berücksichtigung nationaler Positionen gegenüber der Richtlinie und dem zu Verfügung stehenden Interpretationsspielraum, gilt es zu erforschen, inwieweit die nationalen Gesetzgeber die Implikationen der Richtlinie umsetzen. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Transpositionsprozess der Patientenrichtlinie 2011/24/EU, insbesondere mit den nationalen Konsultationen während der Umsetzungsphase. Die Analyse besteht aus einem zwei-Ebenen Vergleich: einerseits präsentiert sie eine innerstaatliche Studie über diverse, in den Transpositionsprozess involvierte Stakeholder, wodurch eine länderspezifische Skizze bezüglich verschiedener Umsetzungsvorschläge, Meinungen sowie Herausforderungen gezeichnet wird. Andererseits stellt die Studie einen zwischenstaatlichen Vergleich dar, durch welchen Europäische Transpositions- und Implementierungsmuster verdeutlicht werden. Die drei ausgewählten Staaten Deutschland, Polen und Österreich sind jeweils durch das Gesundheitssystem der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung gekennzeichnet, nichtsdestotrotz unterscheiden sie sich im Hinblick auf die systemischen Ausprägungen, ihr Abstimmungsverhalten zur Richtlinie im Rat der Europäischen Union sowie ihre Ausgangsposition der Transposition. Die Analyse der nationalen Diskurse aus einer Akteur-zentrierten Perspektive mündet in einer Zusammenstellung der kritischsten Aspekte der Richtlinie, welche die Vorabgenehmigung, Kostenerstattung, Informationsbeschaffung und die Nationalen Kontaktstellen beinhaltet. Gleichzeitig fasst die Studie die Transpositionsmuster der Mitgliedstaaten zusammen. Die Hypothesen zu "Goodness of fit", zur Reichweite der Patientenrechte sowie zu interpretativen Problemfeldern der Richtlinie wurden getestet und teilweise verifiziert. Sowohl der inner- wie auch zwischenstaatliche Vergleich zeigt die enormen Differenzen einer relativ geringen Staatenprobe auf, mit lediglich wenigen Analogien in Bezug auf die Stakeholder und das Verhalten der staatlichen Entscheidungsträger. Der Kontrast zeigt sich insbesondere hinsichtlich der Anzahl und des Typs der Akteure, der zeitlichen Koordinierung der öffentlichen Konsultationen, des Diskursschwerpunkts, der Häufigkeit der diskutierten Umsetzungsartikel sowie der Transpositionsgenauigkeit. Die hervorstechenden Differenzen sind nicht nur Ausdruck eines sensiblen und umstrittenen Politikfelds, sondern resultieren aus den staatenspezifischen Eigenschaften. Insgesamt zeigt die Analyse auf, wie wichtig der Transpositionsprozess als Teil der EU-Gesetzgebung für die Korrektheit und den Erfolg Europäischer Politik ist. Die Fokussierung auf die Implementierungsphase ist notwendig, um die Funktionsfähigkeit des Acquis Communautaire genau zu verstehen, analysieren und zu verbessern.
Effective And Needed But Not Used Why Do Mobile Phone Based Health Interventions In Africa Not Move Beyond The Project Status
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Author : Stephani, Victor
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin
Release Date : 2019-04-15
Effective And Needed But Not Used Why Do Mobile Phone Based Health Interventions In Africa Not Move Beyond The Project Status written by Stephani, Victor and has been published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-15 with Medical categories.
Reviews have shown that mobile phone-based health interventions (mHealth interventions) are capable of improving health outcomes of patients in Africa, particularly for patients with chronic diseases such as non-communicable diseases (NCDs). But currently, most mHealth interventions are stopped after the pilot and the funding of the donors has ceased. The aim is to identify the reasons for the lacking integration of mHealth interventions against NCDs in sub Saharan African health systems. 10 countries from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) were selected for the analysis. For the assessment a catalogue of indicators was developed. Data for the indicators was gathered from various sources: databases, literature reviews and expert interviews. mHealth against NCDs is still in its infancy. Inhibiting factors for the further uptake of mHealth are the lack of specific action points by the governments, the missing attention paid to the rising burden of NCDs, the non-utilization of the full potential of mHealth, the lack of financial incentives and standardized workshops/guidelines and lack of good governance. The access to mobile phones is also inhibited by the poor electricity infrastructure. Enabling factors in many countries are numerous published eHealth strategies, constantly improving legislative frameworks (such as data protection laws) and a growing technology start-up ecosystem.Reviews haben gezeigt, dass Mobiltelefon-basierte Gesundheitsinterventionen (mHealth Interventionen) in der Lage sind klinische Outcomes von Patienten in Afrika zu verbessern; insbesondere von Patienten mit chronischen Erkrankungen wie zum Beispiel nicht übertragbaren Krankheiten (NCDs). Jedoch bleiben die meisten mHealth Interventionen in der Projektphase und werden häufig, nachdem die Finanzierung der Geldgeber aufhört, gestoppt. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es deswegen, die Ursachen für die mangelnde Integration von mHealth Interventionen gegen NCDs in die afrikanischen Gesundheitssysteme zu identifizieren. Für die Analyse wurden 10 Länder aus sub-Sahara Afrika (SSA) ausgewählt. Für die Bewertung wurde ein Katalog von Indikatoren entwickelt. Die Daten für die Indikatoren wurden aus verschiedenen Quellen gesammelt: Datenbanken, Literaturrecherchen und Experteninterviews. Hemmende Faktoren für eine flächendeckende Verbreitung sind unter anderem das Fehlen spezifischer Zielvorgaben durch die Regierungen, die fehlende Berücksichtigung von NCDs in den verschiedenen Digitalstrategien, die Nichtausschöpfung des vollen Potenzials von mHealth, das Fehlen von finanziellen Anreizen und standardisierten Workshops/Richtlinien, sowie mangelnde Good Governance. Außerdem wird der Zugang zu Mobiltelefonen durch die schlechte Elektrizitäts-Infrastruktur behindert. Fördernde Faktoren sind die zahlreichen eHealth-Strategien, die sich ständig verbessernden gesetzliche Rahmenbedingungen (z.B. Datenschutzgesetze) und die wachsenden Start-up-Ökosysteme.
Regulating Pharmaceuticals In Europe Striving For Efficiency Equity And Quality
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Author : Mossialos, Elias
language : en
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
Release Date : 2004-06-01
Regulating Pharmaceuticals In Europe Striving For Efficiency Equity And Quality written by Mossialos, Elias and has been published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-06-01 with Education categories.
"This thoughtful and comprehensive book represents the best work I have seen on the current situation concerning medication policies in the EU. It is not just that this is a very up-to-date compendium of facts and data across a wide variety of domains that impact on pharmaceutical regulation. The book is also strong on analysis of those facts as well." Jerry Avorn, Harvard Medical School. "This book offers a comprehensive examination of approaches to manage pharmaceutical expenditures in Europe. It is a must-read for those who seek to understand and navigate the changing regulatory environment for medicines in the European Union." Bernie O'Brien, McMaster University, Canada. The rising cost of pharmaceutical expenditures in many European countries is of concern to governments required to make effective use of health care budgets. Taking a broad perspective that encompasses institutional, political and supranational aspects of pharmaceutical regulation, this book examines approaches used to manage pharmaceutical expenditure across Europe and what impact these strategies have had on efficiency, quality, equity and cost of pharmaceutical care.Regulating Pharmaceuticals in Europe is an important book for students of health policy, regulation and management, and for health managers and policy makers. The editors: Elias Mossialos is Brian Abel-Smith Professor of Health Policy at the London School of Economics and Political Science and a Research Director of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. Monique Mrazek is a Health Economist (Europe and Central Asia region) for the World Bank and formerly a Research Officer in Health Economics for the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. Tom Walley is Professor of Clinical Pharmacology at the University of Liverpool and Director of the UK National Health Technology Assessment Programme. Contributors:Julia Abelson, Christa Altenstetter, Vittorio Bertele’, Christine Bond, Marcel L. Bouvy, Colin Bradley, Steve Chapman, Anna Dixon, Michael Drummond, Pierre Durieux, Edzard Ernst, Armin Fidler, Eric Fortess, Richard Frank, Silvio Garattini, Leigh Hancher, Ebba Holme Hansen, Steve Hudson, Kees de Jonchere, Panos Kanavos, Sjoerd Kooiker, Jean-Marc Leder, Graham Lewis, Donald W. Light, Alistair McGuire, Elias Mossialos, Monique Mrazek, Maria Pia Orru', Govin Permanand, Guenka Petrova, Munir Pirmohamed, Dennis Ross-Degnan, Frans Rutten, Steven Soummerai, David Taylor, Sarah Thomson, Tom Walley.
Does Mhealth Contribute To Improved Care For People With Non Communicable Diseases In Developing Countries
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Author : Stephani, Victor
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin
Release Date : 2015-06-02
Does Mhealth Contribute To Improved Care For People With Non Communicable Diseases In Developing Countries written by Stephani, Victor and has been published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-02 with Business & Economics categories.
Background: mHealth refers to the use of mobile phones for health care and public health practice. The reasons of deaths in developing countries are shifting from communicable diseases towards non-communicable diseases (NCDs). We review studies assessing the health-related impacts of mobile health (mHealth) on NCDs in low- and middle- income countries (LAMICs) with the aim of giving recommendations for their further development. Methods: A systematic literature search of three major databases was performed in order to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mHealth interventions. Identified RCTs were reviewed concerning effects of the interventions on health-related outcomes. Results: The search algorithms retrieved 733 titles. 6 RCTs were included in the review, including a total of 1850 participants. MHealth was found to have positively influenced clinical outcomes, compliance rates, as well as quality of life related aspects. Furthermore, other outcomes such as patients’ anxiety or patient-physician trust improved significantly. We also found that tailored interventions using a single service for the transmission (e.?g. only SMS) showed the most positive effect. Limiting factors of the evaluation however, were the few numbers of RCTs, the heterogeneity of outcome measures and the fact that all included studies were conducted in middle income countries and mostly in urban areas. Conclusions: Although mHealth is still in its infancy, it can emerge as an important tool for fighting NCDs in LAMICs. Therefore, further support by governmental institutions for coordinating and promoting the development of the required tools, as well as further research especially in low-income economies, with a focus on the evaluation of the long-term effects of mHealth is needed. Hintergrund: Die Todesursachen in Entwicklungsländern verschieben sich kontinuierlich von übertragbaren hin zu nicht-übertragbaren Krankheiten (NCDs). Deshalb werden in diesem systematischen Review gesundheitsbezogene Einflüsse von mobile Health (mHealth) Interventionen zur Bekämpfung von NCDs in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern (LAMICs) untersucht, um Einschätzungen zur bisherigen und Empfehlungen zur weiteren Entwicklung zu geben. Methode: Eine systematische Literatursuche in drei großen Datenbanken wurde durchgeführt um randomisiert-kontrollierte Studien (RCTs) von mHealth Interventionen in LAMICs zu identifizieren. Die ermittelten RCTs wurden hinsichtlich der Effekte von mHealth Interventionen auf gesundheitsbezogene Parameter ausgewertet. Resultate: Von insgesamt 733 erfassten Titeln wurden 6 RCTs mit 1850 Teilnehmern einbezogen. Es wurde festgestellt, dass mHealth einen positiven Einfluss auf klinische Resultate, Compliance-Raten, sowie Lebensqualitäts-bezogene Aspekte hat. Zudem verbesserten sich im Rahmen der Interventionen weitere Faktoren wie das Vertrauen zwischen Patient und Arzt oder Ängste der Patienten. Ferner wurde festgestellt, dass individualisierte Interventionen bessere Resultate als generalisierte Interventionen erzielen. Limitierende Faktoren bei diesem Review waren die geringe Anzahl an RCTs, die Heterogenität der evaluierten Parameter und der Umstand, dass fast alle inkludierten Studien in urbanen Gebieten von Schwellenländern durchgeführt worden sind. Schlussfolgerung: mHealth kann zu einem wichtigen Instrument bei der Bekämpfung von NCDs in LAMICs heranwachsen. Dazu ist jedoch eine stärkere Unterstützung insbesondere von staatlichen Institutionen unumgänglich. Zudem müssen zukünftige Forschungen einen Fokus auf Langzeit-Effekte insbesondere in einkommensschwachen Ländern haben.
Assuring The Quality Of Health Care In The European Union
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Author : Helena Legido-Quigley
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2008
Assuring The Quality Of Health Care In The European Union written by Helena Legido-Quigley and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Medical categories.
People have always travelled within Europe for work and leisure, although never before with the current intensity. Now, however, they are travelling for many other reasons, including the quest for key services such as health care. Whatever the reason for travelling, one question they ask is "If I fall ill, will the health care I receive be of a high standard?" This book examines, for the first time, the systems that have been put in place in all of the European Union's 27 Member States. The picture it paints is mixed. Some have well developed systems, setting standards based on the best available evidence, monitoring the care provided, and taking action where it falls short. Others need to overcome significant obstacles.
Advances In Pharma Business Management And Research
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Author : Lars Schweizer
language : en
Publisher: Saint Philip Street Press
Release Date : 2020-10-09
Advances In Pharma Business Management And Research written by Lars Schweizer and has been published by Saint Philip Street Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-09 with Medical categories.
This open access book presents a unique collection of practical examples from the field of pharma business management and research. It covers a wide range of topics such as: 'Brexit and its Impact on pharmaceutical Law - Implications for Global Pharma Companies', 'Implementation of Measures and Sustainable Actions to Improve Employee's Engagement', 'Global Medical Clinical and Regulatory Affairs (GMCRA)', and 'A Quality Management System for R&D Project and Portfolio Management in a Pharmaceutical Company'. The chapters are summaries of master's theses by "high potential" Pharma MBA students from the Goethe Business School, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, with 8-10 years of work experience and are based on scientific know-how and real-world experience. The authors applied their interdisciplinary knowledge gained in 22 months of studies in the MBA program to selected practical themes drawn from their daily business. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
The Influence Of The Pharmaceutical Industry
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Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee
language : en
Publisher: The Stationery Office
Release Date : 2005-04-26
The Influence Of The Pharmaceutical Industry written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee and has been published by The Stationery Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-04-26 with Political Science categories.
Incorporating HC 1030-i to iii.
Health Policy And European Union Enlargement
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Author : Mckee
language : en
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
Release Date : 2004-04-01
Health Policy And European Union Enlargement written by Mckee and has been published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-04-01 with Medical categories.
While there may be consensus on the broader issues of the core objectives of the health care system, expectations differ between EU countries, and European national policy-makers. This book seeks firstly to assess the impact of the enlargement process and then to analyse the challenges that lie ahead in the field of health and health policy.
Medical Devices
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Author : Christa Altenstetter
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-08
Medical Devices written by Christa Altenstetter and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-08 with Medical categories.
Medical devices are the bread and butter from which health care and clinical research are derived. Such devices are used for patient care, genetic testing, clinical trials, and experimental clinical investigations. Without medical devices, there is no clinical research or patient care. Without life-adjusting devices, there are no medical procedures or surgery. Without life-saving and life-maintaining devices, there is no improvement in well-being and quality of life. Without innovative medical devices and experimentation, there can be no medical progress or patient safety. Medical devices and medical technology are used to create or support many different products and medical-surgical procedures. This volume on the regulation of medical devices in the European Union, with a focus on France, tackles a topic of interdisciplinary interest and significance for policymakers in countries around the globe. The EU regulatory regime is one of three global regional regimes, and medical products manufactured in EU countries are sold worldwide. As countries confront an aging population on a global scale, with associated increases in chronic diseases, physical handicaps, and multi-morbidity, there will inevitably be an increase in the demand for health services and, concomitantly, the use of medical devices in medical and surgical procedures. This will be the case regardless of whether services are delivered in hospitals, doctors' offices, or at home. The associated risks of a particular device will be the same whatever the country of origin for the device, or where the need occurs. Revolutionary medical advances increase diagnostic capabilities, but they increase the potential of harm and risks to patients. Medical technologies and devices are used ethically most of the time; yet they have the potential for unethical use when scientific medicine is elevated over human life and death. Assumptions that are taken for granted can be dangerous to a patient's health. That is why our understanding of appropriate and effective regulation of medical devices is significant to all people on all continents.
