Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes

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Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2003-10-14

Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-10-14 with Political Science categories.

Low-activity radioactive wastes include a broad spectrum of materials for which a regulatory patchwork has evolved over almost 60 years. These wastes present less of a radiation hazard than either spent nuclear fuel or high-level radioactive waste. Low-activity wastes, however, may produce potential radiation exposure at well above background levels and if not properly controlled may represent a significant chronic (and, in some cases, an acute) hazard. For some low-activity wastes the present system of controls may be overly restrictive, but it may result in the neglect of others that pose an equal or higher risk. The purpose of this interim report is to provide an overview of current low-activity waste regulations and management practices. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes: Interim Report on Current Regulations, Inventories, and Practices identifies gaps and inconsistencies that suggest areas for improvements. The final report will assess options for improving the current practices and provide recommendations.

Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006-04-24

Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes written by National Research Council and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-24 with categories.

The largest volumes of radioactive wastes in the United States contain only small amounts of radioactive material. These low-activity wastes (LAW) come from hospitals, utilities, research institutions, and defense installations where nuclear material is used. Millions of cubic feet of LAW also arise every year from non-nuclear enterprises such as mining and water treatment. While LAW present much less of a radiation hazard than spent nuclear fuel or high-level radioactive wastes, they can cause health risks if controlled improperly. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes asserts that LAW should be regulated and managed according to the degree of risk they pose for treatment, storage, and disposal. Current regulations are based primarily on the type of industry that produced the waste--the waste's origin--rather than its risk. In this report, a risk-informed approach for regulating and managing all types of LAW in the United States is proposed. Implemented in a gradual or stepwise fashion, this approach combines scientific risk assessment with public values and perceptions. It focuses on the hazardous properties of the waste in question and how they compare with other waste materials. The approach is based on established principles for risk-informed decision making, current risk-informed initiatives by waste regulators in the United States and abroad, solutions available under current regulatory authorities, and remedies through new legislation when necessary.

Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Low level radioactive waste disposal facilities categories.

Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2006-04-24

Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-24 with Science categories.

The largest volumes of radioactive wastes in the United States contain only small amounts of radioactive material. These low-activity wastes (LAW) come from hospitals, utilities, research institutions, and defense installations where nuclear material is used. Millions of cubic feet of LAW also arise every year from non-nuclear enterprises such as mining and water treatment. While LAW present much less of a radiation hazard than spent nuclear fuel or high-level radioactive wastes, they can cause health risks if controlled improperly. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes asserts that LAW should be regulated and managed according to the degree of risk they pose for treatment, storage, and disposal. Current regulations are based primarily on the type of industry that produced the waste-the waste's origin-rather than its risk. In this report, a risk-informed approach for regulating and managing all types of LAW in the United States is proposed. Implemented in a gradual or stepwise fashion, this approach combines scientific risk assessment with public values and perceptions. It focuses on the hazardous properties of the waste in question and how they compare with other waste materials. The approach is based on established principles for risk-informed decision making, current risk-informed initiatives by waste regulators in the United States and abroad, solutions available under current regulatory authorities, and remedies through new legislation when necessary.

Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003

Improving The Regulation And Management Of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.

Low Level Radioactive Waste Management And Disposition

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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2017-06-05

Low Level Radioactive Waste Management And Disposition written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-05 with Science categories.

The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE) is responsible for the safe cleanup of sites used for nuclear weapons development and government-sponsored nuclear energy research. Low-level radioactive waste (LLW) is the most volumetrically significant waste stream generated by the DOE cleanup program. LLW is also generated through commercial activities such as nuclear power plant operations and medical treatments. The laws and regulations related to the disposal of LLW in the United States have evolved over time and across agencies and states, resulting in a complex regulatory structure. DOE asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to organize a workshop to discuss approaches for the management and disposition of LLW. Participants explored the key physical, chemical, and radiological characteristics of low-level waste that govern its safe and secure management and disposal in aggregate and in individual waste streams, and how key characteristics of low level waste are incorporated into standards, orders, and regulations that govern the management and disposal of LLW in the United States and in other major waste-producing countries. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Radioactive Waste Streams

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Author : Anthony Andrews
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2011-04

Radioactive Waste Streams written by Anthony Andrews and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Radioactive waste (RW) is a byproduct of nuclear weapons production, commercial nuclear power generation, and the naval reactor program. RW byproducts also result from radioisotopes used for scientific, med., and industrial purposes. Contents of this report: Measurement of Radioactivity and Hazards of Radiation; Comparative Range of Radioactivity; Spent Nuclear Fuel; High-Level RW; Waste Incidental to Reprocessing; Transuranic Waste; Surplus Weapons-Usable Plutonium; Low-Level RW: Provisions for State Disposal Compacts; Low-Level RW Classification Tables; Mixed Low-Level RW and Haz. Waste; Depleted Uranium; Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring RW Material; Uranium Mill Tailings; RW Disposal Policy Issues. Illus.

Nuclear Materials

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Author : Haydee Domenech
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2024-11-01

Nuclear Materials written by Haydee Domenech and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book reviews the critical scope of nuclear materials, which play an essential role in decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. It traces historical landmarks from the years preceding World War II to the atomic bomb era. Key topics covered include the concept of nuclear materials and their connection to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), the steps of the nuclear fuel cycle, and advanced reactor technologies. Additionally, the book addresses safety and security considerations, including radioactive waste and spent fuel management. Through this comprehensive exploration, readers can gain insights into the intricate world of nuclear materials, their impact on global security, and the path toward sustainable energy solutions.

Fuel Cycle To Nowhere

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Author : Richard Burleson Stewart
language : en
Publisher: Vanderbilt University Press
Release Date : 2011-08-15

Fuel Cycle To Nowhere written by Richard Burleson Stewart and has been published by Vanderbilt University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-15 with History categories.

The origins of the current nuclear waste disposal crisis and directions for future policy

Nuclear Energy

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Author : Raymond L. Murray
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2014-01-28

Nuclear Energy written by Raymond L. Murray and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-28 with Science categories.

Nuclear Energy is one of the most popular texts ever published on basic nuclear physics, systems, and applications of nuclear energy. This newest edition continues the tradition of offering a holistic treatment of everything the undergraduate engineering student needs to know in a clear and accessible way. The book presents a comprehensive overview of radioactivity, radiation protection, nuclear reactors, waste disposal, and nuclear medicine. The seventh edition is restructured into three parts: Basic Concepts, Nuclear Power (including new chapters on nuclear power plants and introduction to reactor theory), and Radiation and Its Uses. Part Two in particular has been updated with current developments, including a new section on Reactor Safety and Security (with a discussion of the Fukushima Diiachi accident); updated information on naval and space propulsion; and revised and updated information on radioactive waste storage, transportation, and disposal. Part Three features new content on biological effects of radiation, radiation standards, and radiation detection. - Coverage of energy economics integrated into appropriate chapters - More worked examples and end of chapter exercises - Updated final chapter on nuclear explosions for current geopolitical developments