Improving Traffic Simulation Models And Emissions Models Using On Board Vehicle Dynamics Data
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Improving Traffic Simulation Models And Emissions Models Using On Board Vehicle Dynamics Data
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Author : Eric Daniel Jackson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Improving Traffic Simulation Models And Emissions Models Using On Board Vehicle Dynamics Data written by Eric Daniel Jackson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Dissertation Abstracts International
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Dissertation Abstracts International written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
Emission Estimation Based On Traffic Models And Measurements
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Author : Nikolaos Tsanakas
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2019-04-24
Emission Estimation Based On Traffic Models And Measurements written by Nikolaos Tsanakas and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-24 with categories.
Traffic congestion increases travel times, but also results in higher energy usage and vehicular emissions. To evaluate the impact of traffic emissions on environment and human health, the accurate estimation of their rates and location is required. Traffic emission models can be used for estimating emissions, providing emission factors in grams per vehicle and kilometre. Emission factors are defined for specific traffic situations, and traffic data is necessary in order to determine these traffic situations along a traffic network. The required traffic data, which consists of average speed and flow, can be obtained either from traffic models or sensor measurements. In large urban areas, the collection of cross-sectional data from stationary sensors is a costefficient method of deriving traffic data for emission modelling. However, the traditional approaches of extrapolating this data in time and space may not accurately capture the variations of the traffic variables when congestion is high, affecting the emission estimation. Static transportation planning models, commonly used for the evaluation of infrastructure investments and policy changes, constitute an alternative efficient method of estimating the traffic data. Nevertheless, their static nature may result in an inaccurate estimation of dynamic traffic variables, such as the location of congestion, having a direct impact on emission estimation. Congestion is strongly correlated with increased emission rates, and since emissions have location specific effects, the location of congestion becomes a crucial aspect. Therefore, the derivation of traffic data for emission modelling usually relies on the simplified, traditional approaches. The aim of this thesis is to identify, quantify and finally reduce the potential errors that these traditional approaches introduce in an emission estimation analysis. According to our main findings, traditional approaches may be sufficient for analysing pollutants with global effects such as CO2, or for large-scale emission modelling applications such as emission inventories. However, for more temporally and spatially sensitive applications, such as dispersion and exposure modelling, a more detailed approach is needed. In case of cross-sectional measurements, we suggest and evaluate the use of a more detailed, but computationally more expensive, data extrapolation approach. Additionally, considering the inabilities of static models, we propose and evaluate the post-processing of their results, by applying quasi-dynamic network loading.
Traffic Flow Dynamics
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Author : Martin Treiber
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-10-11
Traffic Flow Dynamics written by Martin Treiber and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-11 with Science categories.
This textbook provides a comprehensive and instructive coverage of vehicular traffic flow dynamics and modeling. It makes this fascinating interdisciplinary topic, which to date was only documented in parts by specialized monographs, accessible to a broad readership. Numerous figures and problems with solutions help the reader to quickly understand and practice the presented concepts. This book is targeted at students of physics and traffic engineering and, more generally, also at students and professionals in computer science, mathematics, and interdisciplinary topics. It also offers material for project work in programming and simulation at college and university level. The main part, after presenting different categories of traffic data, is devoted to a mathematical description of the dynamics of traffic flow, covering macroscopic models which describe traffic in terms of density, as well as microscopic many-particle models in which each particle corresponds to a vehicle and its driver. Focus chapters on traffic instabilities and model calibration/validation present these topics in a novel and systematic way. Finally, the theoretical framework is shown at work in selected applications such as traffic-state and travel-time estimation, intelligent transportation systems, traffic operations management, and a detailed physics-based model for fuel consumption and emissions.
Enhancing Urban Sustainability With Data Modeling And Simulation
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2019-09-24
Enhancing Urban Sustainability With Data Modeling And Simulation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-24 with Technology & Engineering categories.
On January 30-31, 2019 the Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics, in collaboration with the Board on Energy and Environmental Systems and the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, convened a workshop in Washington, D.C. to explore the frontiers of mathematics and data science needs for sustainable urban communities. The workshop strengthened the emerging interdisciplinary network of practitioners, business leaders, government officials, nonprofit stakeholders, academics, and policy makers using data, modeling, and simulation for urban and community sustainability, and addressed common challenges that the community faces. Presentations highlighted urban sustainability research efforts and programs under way, including research into air quality, water management, waste disposal, and social equity and discussed promising urban sustainability research questions that improved use of big data, modeling, and simulation can help address. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
Developing A Methodology To Account For Commercial Motor Vehicles Using Microscopic Traffic Simulation Models Microform
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Author : Schultz, Grant George
language : en
Publisher: Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International
Release Date : 2004
Developing A Methodology To Account For Commercial Motor Vehicles Using Microscopic Traffic Simulation Models Microform written by Schultz, Grant George and has been published by Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
The collection and interpretation of data is a critical component of traffic and transportation engineering used to establish baseline performance measures and to forecast future conditions. One important source of traffic data is commercial motor vehicle (CMV) weight and classification data used as input to critical tasks in transportation design, operations, and planning. The evolution of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) technologies has been providing transportation engineers and planners with an increased availability of CMV data. The primary sources of these data are automatic vehicle classification (AVC) and weigh-in-motion (WIM). Microscopic traffic simulation models have been used extensively to model the dynamic and stochastic nature of transportation systems including vehicle composition. One aspect of effective microscopic traffic simulation models that has received increased attention in recent years is the calibration of these models, which has traditionally been concerned with identifying the "best" parameter set from a range of acceptable values. Recent research has begun the process of automating the calibration process in an effort to accurately reflect the components of the transportation system being analyzed. The objective of this research is to develop a methodology in which the effects of CMVs can be included in the calibration of microscopic traffic simulation models. The research examines the ITS data available on weight and operating characteristics of CMVs and incorporates this data in the calibration of microscopic traffic simulation models. The research develops a methodology to model CMVs using microscopic traffic simulation models and then utilizes the output of these models to generate the data necessary to quantify the impacts of CMVs on infrastructure, travel time, and emissions. The research uses advanced statistical tools including principal component analysis (PCA) and recursive partitioning to identify relationships between data collection sites (i.e., WIM, AVC) such that the data collected at WIM sites can be utilized to estimate weight and length distributions at AVC sites. The research also examines methodologies to include the distribution or measures of central tendency and dispersion (i.e., mean, variance) into the calibration process. The approach is applied using the CORSIM model and calibrated utilizing an automated genetic algorithm methodology.
Modeling Mobile Source Emissions
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-08-14
Modeling Mobile Source Emissions written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-08-14 with Science categories.
The Mobile Source Emissions Factor (MOBILE) model is a computer model developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for estimating emissions from on-road motor vehicles. MOBILE is used in air-quality planning and regulation for estimating emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and for predicting the effects of emissions-reduction programs. Because of its important role in air-quality management, the accuracy of MOBILE is critical. Possible consequences of inaccurately characterizing motor-vehicle emissions include the implementation of insufficient controls that endanger the environment and public health or the implementation of ineffective policies that impose excessive control costs. Billions of dollars per year in transportation funding are linked to air-quality attainment plans, which rely on estimates of mobile-source emissions. Transportation infrastructure decisions are also affected by emissions estimates from MOBILE. In response to a request from Congress, the National Research Council established the Committee to Review EPA's Mobile Source Emissions Factor (MOBILE) Model in October 1998. The committee was charged to evaluate MOBILE and to develop recommendations for improving the model.
The Development Of A Transportation Emissions Model Using A Distributed Client Server Architecture
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Author : Cheng Zhao
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
The Development Of A Transportation Emissions Model Using A Distributed Client Server Architecture written by Cheng Zhao and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Air categories.
Integration Of Modal Vehicle Emission Models With The Transims Traffic Simulation Module
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Integration Of Modal Vehicle Emission Models With The Transims Traffic Simulation Module written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.
TRANSIMS is a set of integrated analytical and simulation models and supporting data bases. The TRANSIMS methods deal with individual behavioral units and proceed through several steps to estimate travel. TRANSIMS predicts trips for individual households, residents and vehicles rather than for zonal aggregations of households. TRANSIMS also predicts the movement of individual freight loads. A regional microsimulation executes the generated trips on the transportation network, modeling the individual vehicle interactions and predicting the transportation system performance. The purpose of the TRANSIMS environmental module is to translate traveler behavior into consequent air quality, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions. There are four major tasks required to translate traveler behavior into environmental consequences: (1) estimate the emissions, (2) describe the atmospheric conditions into which the contaminants are emitted, (3) describe the local transport and dispersion, and (4) describe the chemical reactions that occur during transport and dispersion of the contaminants.
Integrated Traffic Simulation Model Phase I Volume 4 Revisions To The Utcs 1 Traffic Simulation Model To Enhance Operational Efficiency Final Report
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Author : Edward B. Lieberman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Integrated Traffic Simulation Model Phase I Volume 4 Revisions To The Utcs 1 Traffic Simulation Model To Enhance Operational Efficiency Final Report written by Edward B. Lieberman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with categories.