Income Inequality And Employment
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Income Inequality And Employment
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Author : Mary Fish
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Income Inequality And Employment written by Mary Fish and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Discrimination in employment categories.
This study specifically describes and analyzes the process by which poverty-stricken individuals and families move out of the poverty group: from welfare, to low- wage employment, and finally, to a level above poverty, or even the middle-income category. It is a synthesis / analysis of over 50 Research and Development ( R& D ) projects sponsored by the Employment and Training Administration ( ETA), on the subjects of income and employment. In addition, selected contributions from other sources are included in order to clarify or supplement the treatment of the basic issues. Several of these contributions have examined how individuals on welfare become gainfully employed and once employed, move into jobs with wages adequate to raise their standard of living above the poverty level. Findings of these R & D projects, when examined as a body of cumulative knowledge, can be used as a framework for developing effective policies and techniques for the various employment and training programs focused on the economically disadvantaged.
Divided We Stand Why Inequality Keeps Rising
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2011-12-05
Divided We Stand Why Inequality Keeps Rising written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-05 with categories.
This book examines to which extent economic globalisation, skill-biased technological progress and institutional and regulatory reforms have had an impact on the distribution of earnings.
Income Inequality And Employment
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Author : United States. Dept. of Labor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Income Inequality And Employment written by United States. Dept. of Labor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Labor supply categories.
Do Labor Market Policies And Growth Fundamentals Matter For Income Inequality In Oecd Countries Some Empirical Evidence
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Author : Mr.Patrick Van Houdt
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1997-01-01
Do Labor Market Policies And Growth Fundamentals Matter For Income Inequality In Oecd Countries Some Empirical Evidence written by Mr.Patrick Van Houdt and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Income distribution may be related to fundamentals affecting economic growth and to labor market policies. Noting that inequality is affected by unemployment. This paper presents a model in which labor market policies affect unemployment which in turn affects inequality. The model also includes the effects of changes in per capita income on inequality through the accumulation of physical capital and technological know–how. When a resulting reduced–form relationship is estimated, its explanatory power is surprisingly high: on average, it explains about three quarters of the variation in inequality measures for the OECD countries, and Granger Causality tests confirm the model’s predictions.
The Role Of Firms In Wage Inequality Policy Lessons From A Large Scale Cross Country Study
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2021-12-09
The Role Of Firms In Wage Inequality Policy Lessons From A Large Scale Cross Country Study written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-09 with categories.
Even though firms play a key role in shaping wages, wage inequality and the gender wage gap, firms have so far only featured to a limited extent in the policy debates around these issues. The evidence in this volume shows that around one third of overall wage inequality can be explained by gaps in pay between firms rather than differences in the level and returns to workers’ skills.
Inequality And Labor Market Institutions
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Author : Ms. Florence Jaumotte
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2015-07-10
Inequality And Labor Market Institutions written by Ms. Florence Jaumotte and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-10 with Business & Economics categories.
The SDN examines the role of labor market institutions in the rise of income inequality in advanced economies, alongside other determinants. The evidence strongly indicates that de-unionization is associated with rising top earners’ income shares and less redistribution, while eroding minimum wages are related to increases in overall income inequality. The results, however, also suggest that a lack of representativeness of unions may be associated with higher inequality. These findings do not necessarily constitute a blanket recommendation for higher unionization and minimum wages, as country-specific circumstances and potential trade-offs with other policy objectives need to be considered. Addressing inequality also requires a multipronged approach, which should include taxation reform and curbing excesses associated with financial deregulation.
Industrialisation Employment And Income Distribution
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Author : Ronald Hsia
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-12-14
Industrialisation Employment And Income Distribution written by Ronald Hsia and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-14 with Business & Economics categories.
First published in 1978. In spite of the wide recognition of Hong Kong’s successful growth record, little is known about the impact that rapid industrialisation has had on income distribution. The transformation of an entrepôt economy into an industrial one has been accompanied by a transition from a labour surplus to a labour shortage economy, which has had a profound influence on the distribution of income by size. The effect has been channelled through a number of variables such as the composition of employment by industry, occupational structure, labour force participation rate and wage structure. All these changes have, moreover, owed much to the existence of a market mechanism which has been virtually free from government intervention. Beginning with a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of the various characteristics of employment and the labour force on household income distribution, this study assesses the impact of Hong Kong’s industrialisation and employment growth on its income distribution. Through an analysis of the changes in industrial and occupational structures, employment status, household size, labour participation rate, inflow of labour and wage and employment structures, it considers not only how income distribution alters with economic development, but also the mechanism that has brought about these changes. The redistribution effect of government activities is examined and the incidence of particular taxes to different income groups is apportioned to give a clear overall picture. Finally, the benefits obtained from government expenditures on housing, education and health are measured and are allocated to different income groups, illustrating how this has appreciably reduced income inequality in Hong Kong.
Labour Markets Institutions And Inequality
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Author : Janine Berg
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2015-01-30
Labour Markets Institutions And Inequality written by Janine Berg and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-30 with Business & Economics categories.
Labour market institutions, including collective bargaining, the regulation of employment contracts and social protection policies, are instrumental for improving the well-being of workers, their families and society. In many countries, these instituti
Exploring Inequality In Europe
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Author : Martin Heidenreich
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2016-06-24
Exploring Inequality In Europe written by Martin Heidenreich and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-24 with Political Science categories.
Europe has become a dominant frame for the generation, regulation and perception of social inequalities. This trend was solidified by the current economic crisis, which is characterized by increasing inequalities between central and peripheral countries and groups. By analysing the double polarization between winners and losers of the crisis, the segmentation of labour markets and the perceived quality of life in Europe, this book contributes to a better understanding of patterns and dynamics of inequality in an integrated Europe.
Employment Inequality And Globalization
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Author : Rolph van der Hoeven
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-09-13
Employment Inequality And Globalization written by Rolph van der Hoeven and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-13 with Business & Economics categories.
The nature of globalization and the fallout from the international financial crisis have brought profound changes to societies and economies around the world. This book documents that, over the last two decades, the growth of nonstandard and informal employment has led to greater inequalities. This is partly explained by the fact that adjustment policies in the 1980s, market liberalization policies in the 1990s and, more recently, globalization and anti-poverty policies did not pay sufficient attention to policies for employment and income redistribution. As a response to these trends, this book recommends the development of clearer policies for employment and income redistribution. These policies should now become an integral part of national and international economic policy making. This is even more relevant in the current context of the international financial crisis as: Several elements of globalization, especially the unfettered markets, and the growing inequality have given cause to the current crisis and, There is growing evidence that the employment, human and social effects of the financial crisis will be felt well after an economic recovery has taken place, especially if no corrective action is taken. This volume will be of benefit to policymakers, scholars and practitioners alike. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of Human Development and Capabilities.