Indian And Nation In Revolutionary Mexico
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Indian And Nation In Revolutionary Mexico
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Author : Alexander S. Dawson
language : en
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
Release Date : 2020-09-01
Indian And Nation In Revolutionary Mexico written by Alexander S. Dawson and has been published by University of Arizona Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-01 with History categories.
During the 1920s and 1930s in Mexico, both intellectuals and government officials promoted ethnic diversity while attempting to overcome the stigma of race in Mexican society. Programs such as the Indigenista movement represented their efforts to redeem the Revolution's promise of a more democratic future for all citizens. This book explores three decades of efforts on the part of government officials, social scientists, and indigenous leaders to renegotiate the place of native peoples in Mexican society. It traces the movement's origins as a humanitarian cause among intellectuals, the involvement of government in bringing education, land reform, cultural revival, and social research to Indian communities, and the active participation of Indian peoples. Traditionally, scholars have seen Indigenismo as an elitist formulation of the "Indian problem." Dawson instead explores the ways that the movement was mediated by both elite and popular pressures over time. By showing how Indigenismo was used by a variety of actors to negotiate the shape of the revolutionary state—from anthropologist Manual Gamio to President Lázaro Cárdenas—he demonstrates how it contributed to a new "pact of domination" between indigenous peoples and the government. Although the power of the Indigenistas was limited by the face that "Indian" remained a racial slur in Mexico, the indígenas capacitados empowered through Indigenismo played a central role in ensuring seventy years of PRI hegemony. In studying the confluence of state formation, social science, and native activism, Dawson's book offers a new perspective for understanding the processes through which revolutionary hegemony emerged.
The Indian Policy Of The Mexican Government Since The Revolution
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Author : Ann Costikyan Vinograde
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1944
The Indian Policy Of The Mexican Government Since The Revolution written by Ann Costikyan Vinograde and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1944 with Indians of Mexico categories.
The Eagle And The Virgin
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Author : Mary Kay Vaughan
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 2006-03-13
The Eagle And The Virgin written by Mary Kay Vaughan and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-13 with History categories.
When the fighting of the Mexican Revolution died down in 1920, the national government faced the daunting task of building a cohesive nation. It had to establish control over a disparate and needy population and prepare the country for global economic competition. As part of this effort, the government enlisted the energy of artists and intellectuals in cultivating a distinctly Mexican identity. It devised a project for the incorporation of indigenous peoples and oversaw a vast, innovative program in the arts. The Eagle and the Virgin examines the massive nation-building project Mexico undertook between 1920 and 1940. Contributors explore the nation-building efforts of the government, artists, entrepreneurs, and social movements; their contradictory, often conflicting intersection; and their inevitably transnational nature. Scholars of political and social history, communications, and art history describe the creation of national symbols, myths, histories, and heroes to inspire patriotism and transform workers and peasants into efficient, productive, gendered subjects. They analyze the aesthetics of nation building made visible in murals, music, and architecture; investigate state projects to promote health, anticlericalism, and education; and consider the role of mass communications, such as cinema and radio, and the impact of road building. They discuss how national identity was forged among social groups, specifically political Catholics, industrial workers, middle-class women, and indigenous communities. Most important, the volume weighs in on debates about the tension between the eagle (the modernizing secular state) and the Virgin of Guadalupe (the Catholic defense of faith and morality). It argues that despite bitter, violent conflict, the symbolic repertoire created to promote national identity and memory making eventually proved capacious enough to allow the eagle and the virgin to coexist peacefully. Contributors. Adrian Bantjes, Katherine Bliss, María Teresa Fernández, Joy Elizabeth Hayes, Joanne Hershfield, Stephen E. Lewis, Claudio Lomnitz, Rick A. López, Sarah M. Lowe, Jean Meyer, James Oles, Patrice Olsen, Desmond Rochfort, Michael Snodgrass, Mary Kay Vaughan, Marco Velázquez, Wendy Waters, Adriana Zavala
Soldiers Saints And Shamans
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Author : Nathaniel Morris
language : en
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
Release Date : 2020-09-29
Soldiers Saints And Shamans written by Nathaniel Morris and has been published by University of Arizona Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-29 with History categories.
The Mexican Revolution gave rise to the Mexican nation-state as we know it today. Rural revolutionaries took up arms against the Díaz dictatorship in support of agrarian reform, in defense of their political autonomy, or inspired by a nationalist desire to forge a new Mexico. However, in the Gran Nayar, a rugged expanse of mountains and canyons, the story was more complex, as the region’s four Indigenous peoples fought both for and against the revolution and the radical changes it bought to their homeland. To make sense of this complex history, Nathaniel Morris offers the first systematic understanding of the participation of the Náayari, Wixárika, O’dam, and Mexicanero peoples in the Mexican Revolution. They are known for being among the least “assimilated” of all Mexico’s Indigenous peoples. It’s often been assumed that they were stuck up in their mountain homeland—“the Gran Nayar”—with no knowledge of the uprisings, civil wars, military coups, and political upheaval that convulsed the rest of Mexico between 1910 and 1940. Based on extensive archival research and years of fieldwork in the rugged and remote Gran Nayar, Morris shows that the Náayari, Wixárika, O’dam, and Mexicanero peoples were actively involved in the armed phase of the revolution. This participation led to serious clashes between an expansionist, “rationalist” revolutionary state and the highly autonomous communities and heterodox cultural and religious practices of the Gran Nayar’s inhabitants. Morris documents confrontations between practitioners of subsistence agriculture and promoters of capitalist development, between rival Indian generations and political factions, and between opposing visions of the world, of religion, and of daily life. These clashes produced some of the most severe defeats that the government’s state-building programs suffered during the entire revolutionary era, with significant and often counterintuitive consequences both for local people and for the Mexican nation as a whole.
Revolutionary Mexico
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Author : John Mason Hart
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Revolutionary Mexico written by John Mason Hart and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Mexico categories.
Faith And Impiety In Revolutionary Mexico
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Author : M. Butler
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2007-12-09
Faith And Impiety In Revolutionary Mexico written by M. Butler and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-09 with Social Science categories.
While Mexico's spiritual history after the 1910 Revolution is often essentialized as a church-state power struggle, this book reveals the complexity of interactions between revolution and religion. Looking at anticlericalism, indigenous cults and Catholic pilgrimage, these authors reveal that the Revolution was a period of genuine religious change, as well as social upheaval.
The Mexican Revolution
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Author : Alan Knight
language : en
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
Release Date : 1990-01-01
The Mexican Revolution written by Alan Knight and has been published by U of Nebraska Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-01-01 with History categories.
"v. 1. Porfirians, liberals, and peasants -- v. 2. Counter-revolution and reconstruction."
The Ambivalent Revolution
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Author : Stephen E. Lewis
language : en
Publisher: UNM Press
Release Date : 2005
The Ambivalent Revolution written by Stephen E. Lewis and has been published by UNM Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Education categories.
Why did the Zapatista rebellion occur in Chiapas and not in some other state in southern Mexico where impoverished, marginalized indigenous peasants also suffer a legacy of exploitation and repression? Stephen Lewis believes the answers can be found in the 1920s and 1930s. During those critical years, Mexico's most important state- and nation-building agent, the Ministry of Public Education (SEP), struggled to introduce the reforms and institutions of the Mexican revolution in Chiapas. In 1934 the administration of president Lázaro Cárdenas endorsed "socialist" education, turning federal teachers into federal labor inspectors and promoters of agrarian reform. Teachers also attempted to "incorporate" indigenous populations and forge a more sober, "defanaticized" nationalist citizenry. SEP activism won over most mestizo communities after 1935, but enraged local ranchers, planters, and politicians unwilling to abide by the federal blueprint. In the Maya highlands, federal education was a more categorical failure and Cardenista Indian policy had unintended, even sinister consequences. By 1940 Cardenismo and SEP populism were in full retreat, even as mestizo communities came to embrace the culture of schooling and identify with the Mexican nation. Fifty years later, the delayed, incomplete, and corrupted nature of state- and nation-building in Chiapas prevented resolution of the state's most pressing problems. As Lewis concludes, the Zapatistas appropriated the federal government's discarded revolutionary nationalist discourse in 1994 and launched a rebellion that challenged the Mexican state to contemplate a plural, multi-ethnic nation.
Cultural Politics In Revolution
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Author : Mary K. Vaughan
language : en
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
Release Date : 1997-03
Cultural Politics In Revolution written by Mary K. Vaughan and has been published by University of Arizona Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-03 with History categories.
"Innovative study of the cultural legacy of the Mexican Revolution, using the story of rural schools. Focuses on Puebla and Sonora and the attempt by the central government to implement socialist education and to advance its nationalist agenda. Stresses the importance of negotiation among national and local leaders, teachers and peasants"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 58.
Mexico In Revolution
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Author : Vicente Blasco Ibáñez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1920
Mexico In Revolution written by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1920 with Mexico categories.