Individual Differences From Neurobiological Bases To New Insight On Approach And Avoidance Behavior
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Individual Differences From Neurobiological Bases To New Insight On Approach And Avoidance Behavior
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Author : Daniela Laricchiuta
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-01-22
Individual Differences From Neurobiological Bases To New Insight On Approach And Avoidance Behavior written by Daniela Laricchiuta and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-22 with Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry categories.
The superordinate division of emotions is distributed along a bipolar dimension of affective valence, from approaching rewarding situations to avoiding punitive situations. Avoiding and approaching behaviors determine the disposition to the primary emotions of fear and attachment and the behavioral responses to the environmental stimuli of danger, novelty and reward. Approach or avoidance behaviors are associated with the brain pathways controlling cognitive and attentional function, reward sensitivity and emotional expression, involving prefrontal cortex, amygdala, striatum and cerebellum. Individual differences in approach and avoidance behavior might be modulated by normal variance in the level of functioning of different neurotransmitter systems, such as dopaminergic, serotoninergic, noradrenergic and endocannabinoid systems as well as many peptides such as corticotropin releasing hormone. These substances act at various central target areas to increase intensity of appetitive or defensive motivation. Physiologically, personality temperaments of approach and avoidance are viewed as instigators of propensity. They produce immediate affective, cognitive and behavioral inclinations in response to stimuli and orient individuals across domains and situations in a consistent fashion. Although the action undoubtedly emerges directly from these temperamental proclivities, ultimate behavioral outcomes are often a function of the integration among goal pursuit, self-regulation, and temperament trait. Defective coping strategies to aversive or rewarding stimuli characterize the patho-physiology of anxiety- and stress-related disorders or compulsive and addiction behaviors, respectively. Individuals with neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression, suicidal behavior, bipolar mania, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, pathological gambling and anxiety disorders have scores which fall at the extreme tails of the normal distribution for a specific temperamental trait. The present Research Topic on the individual differences in emotional and motivational processing emphasizes the link between neuronal pattern and behavioral expression. The Topic includes experimental and clinical researches addressing the individual differences related to approach and avoidance and their behavioral characterization, structural and neurochemical profiles, synaptic connections, and receptor expressions. Studies are organized in a framework that puts in evidence the phenotypic expression and neurobiological patterns characterizing the individual differences and their biological variance.
Individual Differences From Neurobiological Bases To New Insight On Approach And Avoidance Behavior
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Individual Differences From Neurobiological Bases To New Insight On Approach And Avoidance Behavior written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
The superordinate division of emotions is distributed along a bipolar dimension of affective valence, from approaching rewarding situations to avoiding punitive situations. Avoiding and approaching behaviors determine the disposition to the primary emotions of fear and attachment and the behavioral responses to the environmental stimuli of danger, novelty and reward. Approach or avoidance behaviors are associated with the brain pathways controlling cognitive and attentional function, reward sensitivity and emotional expression, involving prefrontal cortex, amygdala, striatum and cerebellum. Individual differences in approach and avoidance behavior might be modulated by normal variance in the level of functioning of different neurotransmitter systems, such as dopaminergic, serotoninergic, noradrenergic and endocannabinoid systems as well as many peptides such as corticotropin releasing hormone. These substances act at various central target areas to increase intensity of appetitive or defensive motivation. Physiologically, personality temperaments of approach and avoidance are viewed as instigators of propensity. They produce immediate affective, cognitive and behavioral inclinations in response to stimuli and orient individuals across domains and situations in a consistent fashion. Although the action undoubtedly emerges directly from these temperamental proclivities, ultimate behavioral outcomes are often a function of the integration among goal pursuit, self-regulation, and temperament trait. Defective coping strategies to aversive or rewarding stimuli characterize the patho-physiology of anxiety- and stress-related disorders or compulsive and addiction behaviors, respectively. Individuals with neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression, suicidal behavior, bipolar mania, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, pathological gambling and anxiety disorders have scores which fall at the extreme tails of the normal distribution for a specific temperamental trait. The present Research Topic on the individual differences in emotional and motivational processing emphasizes the link between neuronal pattern and behavioral expression. The Topic includes experimental and clinical researches addressing the individual differences related to approach and avoidance and their behavioral characterization, structural and neurochemical profiles, synaptic connections, and receptor expressions. Studies are organized in a framework that puts in evidence the phenotypic expression and neurobiological patterns characterizing the individual differences and their biological variance.
The Dynamic Perspective In Personality And Social Psychology
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Author : Robin R. Vallacher
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2002-11-01
The Dynamic Perspective In Personality And Social Psychology written by Robin R. Vallacher and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-11-01 with Psychology categories.
Recent years have witnessed the ascendance of a new way to conceptualize and investigate the nature of dynamism at different levels of psychological reality. Areas of inquiry as diverse as cognitive neuroscience, developmental psychology, organizational behavior, and political sociology are being reframed in terms that allow rigorous and precise insight into basic dynamic processes. There are signs that this new approach to dynamics is emerging as a potentially integrative paradigm for personality and social psychology as well. This special issue highlights this new paradigm and illustrates its relevance to a broad spectrum of topics in personality and social psychology.
Encyclopedia Of Human Behavior
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2012-01-31
Encyclopedia Of Human Behavior written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-31 with Psychology categories.
The Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, Second Edition, Three Voluime Set is an award-winning three-volume reference on human action and reaction, and the thoughts, feelings, and physiological functions behind those actions. Presented alphabetically by title, 300 articles probe both enduring and exciting new topics in physiological psychology, perception, personality, abnormal and clinical psychology, cognition and learning, social psychology, developmental psychology, language, and applied contexts. Written by leading scientists in these disciplines, every article has been peer-reviewed to establish clarity, accuracy, and comprehensiveness. The most comprehensive reference source to provide both depth and breadth to the study of human behavior, the encyclopedia will again be a much-used reference source. This set appeals to public, corporate, university and college libraries, libraries in two-year colleges, and some secondary schools. Carefully crafted, well written, and thoroughly indexed, the encyclopedia helps users—whether they are students just beginning formal study of the broad field or specialists in a branch of psychology—understand the field and how and why humans behave as we do. Named a 2013 Outstanding Academic Title by the American Library Association's Choice publication Concise entries (ten pages on average) provide foundational knowledge of the field Each article features suggested further readings, a list of related websites, a 5-10 word glossary and a definition paragraph, and cross-references to related articles in the encyclopedi Newly expanded editorial board and a host of international contributors from the United States, Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Sweden, and the United Kingdom
Emotional Regulation Theory And Application Across Clinical Settings
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Author : Maliha Ibrahim
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2025-02-19
Emotional Regulation Theory And Application Across Clinical Settings written by Maliha Ibrahim and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-02-19 with Psychology categories.
Emotional regulation refers to recognising, managing, and responding to emotional experiences in a healthy and constructive way. It involves adjusting one's emotional responses, whether by suppressing, amplifying, or changing how emotions are expressed, depending on the context and situation. Emotional regulation is crucial for mental health because it helps individuals cope with stress, prevent emotional overwhelm, and maintain emotional stability. Effective regulation can improve relationships, decision-making, and overall well-being, reducing the risk of mental health issues like anxiety, depression, and emotional dysregulation disorders. Poor emotional regulation, on the other hand, can lead to impulsive behaviours, emotional outbursts, or withdrawal, which may contribute to mental health challenges. These aspects apply to individuals, relational interactions, and responses to social cues, the environment, and interpersonal behaviours. Mastering emotional regulation is essential for emotional resilience, fostering positive social interactions, and maintaining psychological balance. This book will capture emotional regulation across various theoretical and application-based contexts in therapy. Emotional regulation in therapy involves collaborating with clients on effectively managing and responding to their emotions, particularly in situations that might otherwise trigger distress or impulsive reactions. Therapeutic approaches for emotional regulation help clients develop the skills to identify, understand, and modulate their emotional responses, thereby promoting healthier coping mechanisms and enhancing mental well-being. The chapters in this book will review how to develop a fuller awareness and labelling of emotions, cognitive aspects of emotional regulation, healthy expression versus suppression, distress tolerance for self and relationships, as well as application to unique populations, mental health concerns and in response to our surrounding environmental changes. Recent developments in problem-solving strategies, innovations in various interventions and therapeutic formats will be discussed, and suggestions for effective coping strategies will be provided.
New Insights Into The Molecular Basis Of Long Term Plasticity Underlying Addiction And Addictive Behaviours
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Author : Elisabeth Piccart
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-06-29
New Insights Into The Molecular Basis Of Long Term Plasticity Underlying Addiction And Addictive Behaviours written by Elisabeth Piccart and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-29 with Science categories.
Handbook Of Temperament
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Author : Marcel Zentner
language : en
Publisher: Guilford Publications
Release Date : 2015-09-01
Handbook Of Temperament written by Marcel Zentner and has been published by Guilford Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-01 with Psychology categories.
Timely and authoritative, this unique handbook explores the breadth of current knowledge on temperament, from foundational theory and research to clinical applications. Leaders in the field examine basic temperament traits, assessment methods, and what brain imaging and molecular genetics reveal about temperament's biological underpinnings. The book considers the pivotal role of temperament in parent–child interactions, attachment, peer relationships, and the development of adolescent and adult personality and psychopathology. Innovative psychological and educational interventions that take temperament into account are reviewed. Integrative in scope, the volume features extensive cross-referencing among chapters and a forward-looking summary chapter.
Handbook Of Approach And Avoidance Motivation
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Author : Andrew J. Elliot
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-05-13
Handbook Of Approach And Avoidance Motivation written by Andrew J. Elliot and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-13 with Psychology categories.
Of the many conceptual distinctions present in psychology today, the approach-avoidance distinction stands out as one of, if not the, most fundamental and basic. The distinction between approach and avoidance motivation has a venerable history, not only within but beyond scientific psychology, and the deep utility of this distinction is clearly evident across theoretical traditions, disciplines, and content areas. This volume is designed to illustrate and highlight the central importance of this distinction, to serve as a one-stop resource for scholars working in this area, and to facilitate integration among researchers and theorists with an explicit or implicit interest in approach and avoidance motivation. The main body of this volume is organized according to seven broad sections that represent core areas of interest in the study of approach and avoidance motivation, including neurophysiology and neurobiology, and evaluative processes. Each section contains a minimum of four chapters that cover a specific aspect of approach and avoidance motivation. The broad applicability of the approach-avoidance distinction makes this Handbook an essential resource for researchers, theorists, and students of social psychology and related disciplines.
The Oxford Handbook Of Individual Differences In Organizational Contexts
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Author : Oguz A. Acar
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024
The Oxford Handbook Of Individual Differences In Organizational Contexts written by Oguz A. Acar and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024 with Business & Economics categories.
Comprising twenty-six chapters authored by fifty-seven esteemed academics, this book facilitates readers in comprehending the key findings, questions, and future research areas of individual differences research in organizational contexts.
Neurobiology Of Disease
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Author : Michael V Johnston
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-08-18
Neurobiology Of Disease written by Michael V Johnston and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-18 with Medical categories.
The second edition of Neurobiology of Disease includes nearly 200 articles surveying all major disorders of the nervous system in both adults and children, focusing on relevant diagnosis and treatments from the perspective of cutting edge clinical and basic neurobiological research. Akin to an encyclopedia of every neurologic disorder, this comprehensive work is ideal for graduate and medical school students, residents, and candidates preparing for their board certification examinations. Each chapter is illustrated with detailed figures, supplemented with descriptive and diagnostic tables, and thoroughly referenced for further investigations. The book's editors, Michael V. Johnston, Harold P. Adams Jr., and Ali Fatemi bring their unique expertise in clinical and research neurology to the overall scope of this work. To further enhance the scope and quality of this new edition, the following Section Editors provided oversight of their respective sections: · Movement Disorders-Joel Perlmutter, Washington University · Dementias-David Knopman, Mayo Clinic · Motorneuron Diseases-Merit Cudkowicz, Massachusetts General Hospital · Paroxysmal Disorders-Solomon Moshe, Albert Einstein College of Medicine · Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Disorders-Tanjala Gipson and Deepa Menon, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University · Neuroimmunological Diseases-Carlos Pardo-Villamizar, Johns Hopkins University · Cerebrovascular Diseases-Harold P. Adams Jr., University of Iowa · Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous System Disorders and Pain-Nicholas Maragakis, Johns Hopkins University · Neoplastic and Paraneoplastic Diseases-Lisa DeAngelis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center · Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System-Karen L. Roos, Indiana University · Sleep Disturbances-Mark Dyken, University of Iowa · Substance Abuse and Toxicology Disorders-Barry E. Kosofsky, Weill-Cornell University Medical Center · Neurologic Manifestations of Medical Disorders-John C. Probasco, Johns Hopkins University