Inequality And Progress

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On Capitalism And Inequality

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Author : Robert U. Ayres
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-05-29

On Capitalism And Inequality written by Robert U. Ayres and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-29 with Political Science categories.

Capitalism is under attack. Defenders say that capitalism has raised billions of people from poverty. But a central activity of capitalism today, Wall Street style, is speculation (gambling), using other people’s money, and privatizing the profits while socializing the debts. Skeptics argue that capitalism has redistributed the wealth of the planet in favor of a very few, meanwhile leaving the planet in bad shape and leaving billions of people out in the cold. Wealth is now extremely mal-distributed, opportunity is far from equal, and upward social mobility has declined significantly in recent decades. This book reviews the evidence and arguments pro and con in considerable detail. The evidence is mixed. The main virtue of capitalism is its emphasis on competition as a driver of innovation and, thus, of economic growth. It is true that economic growth has accelerated in recent centuries, and it is true that billions of people have been lifted from poverty. But it is not necessarily true that intense “winner take all” competition in the marketplace is the explanation for growth. Neoclassical economic theory posits that self-interest is the primary motive for all economic decisions, leaving little room for cooperation and even less for altruism. The theory applies to an unrealistic “model” of human behavior, known as Homo economicus or “economic man”, whose characteristic activity is buying or selling. The reason for using the adjective word “social” – as in socialism” or “social service” or “social democracy” -- is, essentially, to deny those postulates of standard economic theory. Real humans are not rational utility maximizers (whatever that is) and very often do things that are not in their own personal best interests. This can happen because other interests, such as family loyalty, professional, religious, or patriotic duty, may take precedence. Real people rarely behave like Homo economicus, who has rivals but no friends. He (or she) does not trust anyone, hence cannot cooperate with others, and can never create, or live in, a viable social system (or marriage). Yet social systems, ranging from families and tribes to firms, cities, and nations do (and must) exist or civilization cannot exist. A viable social system must not allow “winner takes all”. It must reallocate some of the societal wealth being created by competitive activities to support the young, the old and the weak, because all of those people have equal rights, if not the same luck or the same skills. Both competition and cooperation have important roles to play. A hybrid capitalism involving both is the only viable solution. The book ends with a specific suggestion, namely Universal Basic Income, or UBI.

Inequality And Exclusion In Southeast Asia

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Author : Aun Hwok Lee
language : en
Publisher: Iseas-Yusof Ishak Institute
Release Date : 2021

Inequality And Exclusion In Southeast Asia written by Aun Hwok Lee and has been published by Iseas-Yusof Ishak Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Business & Economics categories.

Inequality is a defining global issue of our times. Southeast Asia stands out in some ways; the 2010s have seen most countries in the region reduce income gaps. Nonetheless, inequality levels remain high, especially in the middle-income to high-income countries, and popular disaffection and economic anxiety prevail, even while official statistics may paint more buoyant scenarios. The age-old problem of group-based exclusion in the development process manifests in new ways. This book provides up-to-date overviews of inequality levels and trends, primarily related to income, but also wealth and other socio-economic variables pertaining to education and health. The country chapters also examine salient themes of inequality, especially structural changes and public policies to redress inequality and exclusion, labour market developments, population groups, regional dynamics, and informal economies. We gain an appreciation for the unique conditions and diverse experiences of each country, and draw comparative insights across the region. "This is an impressive collection of papers written by scholars from Southeast Asia and addressing an important set of issues which deserve serious attention from policymakers. Inequality and social exclusion are problems which never seem to go away, even in the high-income countries, and this collection will be valuable for all those seeking to understand how serious the situation is in eight Southeast Asian states. The editors are to be congratulated on bringing together such a timely book." Anne Booth, Emeritus Professor of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies "This compilation of recent research on Southeast Asian economic inequalities by Lee and Choong underscores the rapid progress being made. The authors from the region underscore the global shift in research and policy attention in this century. Reflecting data and methodological diversity, the book variedly captures some 'intersectionality' of inequalities beyond the old focus on interpersonal and household income distribution." Jomo KS, Fellow, Academy of Science, Malaysia "In societies across the world, rising inequality has become a critical issue over the past generation. Besides basic issues of justice, inequality between people obstructs the collective decision-making needed for societies to progress. This book is the most comprehensive study of inequality in Southeast Asia. It stresses that each society is different, but the solutions are common-good data, proper understanding, multidimensional approaches, strong institutions and popular agency." Pasuk Phongpaichit, Emeritus Professor, Chulalongkorn University

Inequality And Progress

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Author : George Harris
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1897

Inequality And Progress written by George Harris and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1897 with Equality categories.

Inequality And Progress

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Author : George Harris
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019

Inequality And Progress written by George Harris and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.

Top Incomes

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Author : A. B. Atkinson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2010-04

Top Incomes written by A. B. Atkinson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04 with Business & Economics categories.

This volume brings together an exciting range of new studies of top incomes in a wide range of countries from around the world. The studies use data from income tax records to cast light on the dramatic changes that have taken place at the top of the income distribution. The results cover 22 countries and have a long time span, going back to 1875.

Inequality In Asia And The Pacific

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Author : Ravi Kanbur
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-02-24

Inequality In Asia And The Pacific written by Ravi Kanbur and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-24 with Business & Economics categories.

Asia’s rapid economic growth has led to a significant reduction in extreme poverty, but accompanied by rising inequality. This book deals with three questions: What have been the trends of inequality in Asia and the Pacific? What are the key drivers of rising inequality in the region? How should Asian countries respond to the rising inequality? Technological change, globalization, and market-oriented reform have been the key drivers of Asia’s remarkable growth and poverty reduction, but they have also had significant distribution consequences. These three drivers of growth cannot be hindered because they are the sources of productivity improvement and betterment of quality of life. This book will be useful to those interested in policy options that could be deployed by Asian countries in confronting rising inequality.

Gender Inequality And Welfare States In Europe

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Author : Mary Daly
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2020-02-28

Gender Inequality And Welfare States In Europe written by Mary Daly and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-28 with Social Science categories.

Gender equality has been one of the defining projects of European welfarestates. It has proven an elusive goal, not just because of political opposition but also due to a lack of clarity in how to best frame equality and take account of family-related considerations. This wide-ranging book assembles the most pertinent literature and evidence to provide a critical understanding of how contemporary state policies engage with gender inequalities.

Inequality And Progress

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Author : George Harris
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1899

Inequality And Progress written by George Harris and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1899 with Equality categories.

The Image

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Author : Jacques Aumont
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997

The Image written by Jacques Aumont and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Art categories.

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Inequality And Progress

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Author : George Harris
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2013-10-23

Inequality And Progress written by George Harris and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-23 with categories.

LARGE PRINT EDITION! More at LargePrintLiberty.com. The title of the book is chosen, not as a challenge exactly, but as the most convenient designation to set against certain errors which are mixed up with notions of equality, and to indicate where the emphasis of the discussion lies. If the title were expanded to define the purpose of the book precisely, it would run: inequality, a condition of progress; but that is too long a title for so small a book, and is sufficiently implied in the more general statement. Although the negative term, inequality, does not cover the positive and constructive portions of the book, it is a truthful signboard planted at the entrance of a path which will, pass in due time from the lower levels of criticism to the higher levels of progress.