Influence And Escalation
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Influence And Escalation
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Author : Rebecca Hersman
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing PLC
Release Date : 2022-01-12
Influence And Escalation written by Rebecca Hersman and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing PLC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-12 with Political Science categories.
Technology-enabled influence operations, including disinformation, will likely figure prominently in adversary efforts to impede U.S. crisis response and alliance management in high-risk, high-impact scenarios under a nuclear shadow. Both Russia and China recognize their conventional military disadvantage vis-à-vis conflict with the United States. As a result, both nations use sub-conventional tactics and operations to support their preferred strategies for achieving favorable outcomes while attempting to limit escalation risks. Such strategies include an array of activities loosely identified as influence operations, focused on using and manipulating information in covert, deniable, or obscure ways to shape the strategic environment. This report presents eight scenarios—four focused on Russia and four focused on China—that invite potential escalation risks and demonstrate how the tools and tactics of influence operations could be employed to challenge detection, response, and crisis management. It explores a range of potential escalatory pathways and destabilizing consequences if adversary influence operations engage strategic interests and targets in high-risk scenarios and identifies key takeaways and recommendations for policymakers to better identify and defend against adversary influence operations.
Influence And Escalation Implications Of Russian And Chinese Influence Operations For Crisis Management
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Author : Rebecca Hersman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Influence And Escalation Implications Of Russian And Chinese Influence Operations For Crisis Management written by Rebecca Hersman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Escalation Of Commitment In Internationalization Processes
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Author : Björn Röber
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-06
Escalation Of Commitment In Internationalization Processes written by Björn Röber and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-06 with Business & Economics categories.
This unique book on international business presents a critical review of the role of bounded rationality in internationalization process (IP) research. Corporate internationalization processes have been a subject of scientific debate for several decades. However, it is questionable whether behavioral research insights are sufficiently acknowledged in this academic discipline. Against this backdrop, the author critically assesses the behavioral assumptions of the Uppsala Model, which is commonly considered to be the pivotal approach in internationalization process research.
Incentivizing Peace
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Author : Jaroslav Tir
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-01-24
Incentivizing Peace written by Jaroslav Tir and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-24 with Political Science categories.
Civil wars are among the most difficult problems in world politics. While mediation, intervention, and peacekeeping have produced some positive results in helping to end civil wars, they fall short in preventing them in the first place. In Incentivizing Peace, Jaroslav Tir and Johannes Karreth show that considering civil wars from a developmental perspective presents opportunities to prevent the escalation of nascent armed conflicts into full-scale civil wars. The authors demonstrate that highly-structured intergovernmental organizations (IGOs such as the World Bank, IMF, or regional development banks) are particularly well-positioned to engage in civil war prevention. When such IGOs have been actively engaged in nations on the edge, their potent economic tools have helped to steer rebel-government interactions away from escalation and toward peaceful settlement. Incentivizing Peace provides enlightening case evidence that IGO participation is a key to better predicting, and thus preventing, the outbreak of civil war.
Peer Influence
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Author : Jade Earing
language : en
Publisher: Publifye AS
Release Date : 2025-03-12
Peer Influence written by Jade Earing and has been published by Publifye AS this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-12 with Psychology categories.
Peer Influence explores the profound impact of social circles on addictive behaviors. Often, individual struggles with addiction are viewed in isolation, but this book reveals how peer groups actively shape these tendencies through subtle mechanisms like social learning and conformity. For example, individuals may unconsciously mirror the habits of their peers to fit in, highlighting how social norms can be a powerful, yet often overlooked, influence. The book systematically examines how peer influence impacts addiction, starting with fundamental concepts of social conformity and identity formation. It then progresses to explore how these influences play out in different social contexts, from family to online communities. Importantly, it distinguishes between peer groups that either promote or protect against addictive behaviors. Finally, the book offers practical, evidence-based intervention strategies that harness positive peer dynamics for prevention and recovery. By understanding that social circles aren't just passive backgrounds, but active agents, Peer Influence argues for more effective prevention and intervention programs. This approach shifts the focus from individual blame toward systemic solutions, acknowledging the bidirectional nature of peer influence where individuals both shape and are shaped by their social environments.
Introduction To Political Psychology
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Author : Martha L. Cottam
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004-04-26
Introduction To Political Psychology written by Martha L. Cottam and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-04-26 with Political Science categories.
The first comprehensive textbook on political psychology, this user-friendly volume explores the psychological origins of political behavior. Using psychological concepts to explain types of political behavior, the authors introduce a broad range of theories and cases of political activity to illustrate the behavior. The book examines many patterns of political behaviors including leadership, group behavior, voting, race, ethnicity, nationalism, political extremism, terrorism, war, and genocide. Text boxes highlight current and historical events to help students see the connection between the world around them and the concepts they are learning. Examples highlight a variety of research methodologies used in the discipline such as experimentation and content analysis. The "Political Being" is used throughout to remind the reader of the psychological theories and concepts to be explored in each chapter. Introduction to Political Psychology explores some of the most horrific things people do to one another for political purposes, as well as how to prevent and resolve conflict, and how to recover from it. The goal is to help the reader understand the enormous complexity of human behavior and the significant role political psychology can play in improving the human condition. Designed for upper division courses on political psychology or political behavior, this volume also contains material of interest to those in the policymaking community.
Delayed Project Terminations In The Venture Capital Context
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Author : Dominik Steinkühler
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2010
Delayed Project Terminations In The Venture Capital Context written by Dominik Steinkühler and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Business & Economics categories.
Venture capital plays an important role in the entrepreneurial process of providing financing and management support to young, rapidly growing companies. While venture capital investment success stories such as those of Microsoft, Apple and Google are well known, such "home runs" are rather rare. Many investments provide little or no return so that accurately evaluating the prospects of portfolio companies and terminating further engagement in unsuccessful ventures in time is key to the overall portfolio performance of venture capital firms. When venture capitalists act rationally it should be expected that investment terminations are neither systematically premature nor systematically delayed. However, recent studies have discovered a systematic tendency toward delayed project terminations of unsuccessful investments that cannot be reconciled with a model of rational decision making. The present study examines such delayed project terminations in the venture capital industry and investigates whether escalation of commitment may provide an appropriate perspective on the phenomenon and contribute to its explanation. The study develops a comprehensive theoretical framework that synthesizes and integrates several economically irrational drivers of project escalation. A large scale survey among European venture capitalists provides the basis for the empirical analysis of the hypothesized relationships. The analysis yields valuable new insights into the interaction of different escalation drivers, which are much more intertwined than previously supposed by the literature, and permits to suggest effective escalation countermeasures for practice. The considerations and findings of the study are generalizable beyond the venture capital context to a wide variety of settings in which organizations routinely make sequential investment decisions.
The Dynamics Of Innovation
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Author : Klaus Brockhoff
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
The Dynamics Of Innovation written by Klaus Brockhoff and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Jorg Bensinger, a group head of Audi corporation's R&D depart ment, had been waiting for long to find a chance to advertise his idea of a four-wheel drive for passenger cars to one of the board mem bers. Favorable experiences had been collected in drive tests with the lItis, a jeep-like car developed for use in the German army. The ex periences showed extremely good performance on icy roads and in snow. Bensinger's chance came in February of 1977, when he could talk to Ferdinand Piech, then R&D vice president of Audi and a technology buff. At this time Audi wasn't quite considered as a tech nological leader in the public. Technology based innovations were expected from Mercedes or Porsche by many customers. Piech, Ben singer, and others sensed that introducing the four-wheel drive to passenger cars could initiate a strategic change. Under great secrecy development work and prototype construction were commissioned. One obstacle seemed to be space requirements for the gear-box. Hans Nedvidek, former race-track engineer in the Mercedes team, was assigned to the team, and he developed an ingenious solution to the problem. It took until September of 1977 until other board mem bers were informed, and after some rallying the board found a con sensus in the next month to authorize further development steps for a four-wheel drive car. However, Audi is a subsidiary of Volkswagen Corp. The accord of the much bigger mother had to be secured.
Judgment And Decision Making At Work
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Author : Scott Highhouse
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-09-05
Judgment And Decision Making At Work written by Scott Highhouse and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Employees are constantly making decisions and judgments that have the potential to affect themselves, their families, their work organizations, and on some occasion even the broader societies in which they live. A few examples include: deciding which job applicant to hire, setting a production goal, judging one’s level of job satisfaction, deciding to steal from the cash register, agreeing to help organize the company’s holiday party, forecasting corporate tax rates two years later, deciding to report a coworker for sexual harassment, and predicting the level of risk inherent in a new business venture. In other words, a great many topics of interest to organizational researchers ultimately reduce to decisions made by employees. Yet, numerous entreaties notwithstanding, industrial and organizational psychologists typically have not incorporated a judgment and decision-making perspective in their research. The current book begins to remedy the situation by facilitating cross-pollination between the disciplines of organizational psychology and decision-making. The book describes both laboratory and more “naturalistic” field research on judgment and decision-making, and applies it to core topics of interest to industrial and organizational psychologists: performance appraisal, employee selection, individual differences, goals, leadership, teams, and stress, among others. The book also suggests ways in which industrial and organizational psychology research can benefit the discipline of judgment and decision-making. The authors of the chapters in this book conduct research at the intersection of organizational psychology and decision-making, and consequently are uniquely positioned to bridging the divide between the two disciplines.
Conflict War And Peace
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Author : Sara McLaughlin Mitchell
language : en
Publisher: CQ Press
Release Date : 2013-08-13
Conflict War And Peace written by Sara McLaughlin Mitchell and has been published by CQ Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-13 with Political Science categories.
Introducing students to the scientific study of peace and war, Conflict, War, and Peace: An Introduction to Scientific Research, edited by Sara McLaughlin Mitchell and John A. Vasquez, provides an overview of current scholarship in this dynamic area of study. Focusing on the factors that shape relationships between countries and that make war or peace more likely, this collection of articles by top scholars explores such key topics as dangerous dyads, alliances, territorial disputes, rivalry, arms races, democracy peace, trade, international organizations, territorial peace, and nuclear weapons. Each article is followed by the editors’ commentary: a “Major Contributions” section highlights the article’s theoretical advances and relates each study to the broader literature, while a “Methodological Notes” section carefully walks students through the techniques used in the analysis. Methodological topics include research design, percentages, probabilities, odds ratios, statistical significance, levels of analysis, selection bias, logic, duration models, and game theory models.