Inhibition Attentional Control And Causes Of Forgetting In Working Memory A Formal Approach
DOWNLOAD
Download Inhibition Attentional Control And Causes Of Forgetting In Working Memory A Formal Approach PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Inhibition Attentional Control And Causes Of Forgetting In Working Memory A Formal Approach book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Inhibition Attentional Control And Causes Of Forgetting In Working Memory A Formal Approach
DOWNLOAD
Author : Odir Antonio Rodriguez-Villagra
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Inhibition Attentional Control And Causes Of Forgetting In Working Memory A Formal Approach written by Odir Antonio Rodriguez-Villagra and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
In many cognitive activities, the temporary maintenance and manipulation of mental objects is a necessary step in order to reach a cognitive goal. Working memory has been regarded as the process responsible for those cognitive activities. This thesis addresses the question: what limits working-memory capacity (WMC)? A question that still remains controversial (Barrouillet & Camos, 2009; Lewandowsky, Oberauer, & Brown, 2009). This study attempted to answer this question by proposing that the dynamics between the causes of forgetting and the processes helping the maintenance, and the manipulation of the memoranda are the key aspects in understanding the limits of WMC. Chapter 1 introduced key constructs and the strategy to examine the dynamics between inhibition, attentional control, and the causes of forgetting in working memory. The study in Chapter 2 tested the performance of children, young adults, and old adults in a working-memory updating-task with two conditions: one condition included go steps and the other condition included go, and no-go steps. The interference model (IM; Oberauer & Kliegl, 2006), a model proposing interference-related mechanisms as the main cause of forgetting was used to simultaneously fit the data of these age groups. In addition to the interference-related parameters reflecting interference by feature overwriting and interference by confusion, and in addition to the parameters reflecting the speed of processing, the study included a new parameter that captured the time for switching between go steps and no-go steps. The study indicated that children and young adults were less susceptible than old adults to interference by feature overwriting; children were the most susceptible to interference by confusion, followed by old adults and then by young adults; young adults presented the higher rate of processing, followed by children and then by old adults; and young adults were the fastest group switching from go steps to no-go steps. Chapter 3 examined the dynamics between causes of forgetting and the inhibition of a prepotent response in the context of three formal models of the limits of WMC: A resources model, a decay-based model, and three versions of the IM. The resources model was built on the assumption that a limited and shared source of activation for the maintenance and manipulation of the objects underlies the limits of WMC. The decay model assumes that memory traces of the working-memory objects decay over time if they are not reactivated via different mechanisms of maintenance. The IM, already described, proposes that interference-related mechanisms explain the limits of WMC. In two experiments and in a reanalysis of data of the second experiment, one version of the IM received more statistical support from the data. This version of the IM proposes that interference by feature overwriting and interference by confusion are the main factors underlying the limits of WMC. In addition, the model suggests that experimental conditions involving the inhibition of a prepotent response reduce the speed of processing and promotes the involuntary activation of irrelevant information in working memory. Chapter 4 summed up Chapter 2 and 3 and discussed their findings and presented how this thesis has provided evidence of interference-related mechanisms as the main cause of forgetting, and it has attempted to clarify the role of inhibition and attentional control in working memory. With the implementation of formal models and experimental manipulations in the framework of nonlinear mixed models the data offered explanations of causes of forgetting and the role of inhibition in WMC at different levels: developmental effects, aging effects, effects related to experimental manipulations and individual differences in these effects. Thus, the present approach afforded a comprehensive view of a large number of factors limiting WMC
Inhibition Attentional Control And Causes Of Forgetting In Working Memory A Formal Approach
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Inhibition Attentional Control And Causes Of Forgetting In Working Memory A Formal Approach written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
In many cognitive activities, the temporary maintenance and manipulation of mental objects is a necessary step in order to reach a cognitive goal. Working memory has been regarded as the process responsible for those cognitive activities. This thesis addresses the question: what limits working-memory capacity (WMC)? A question that still remains controversial (Barrouillet & Camos, 2009; Lewandowsky, Oberauer, & Brown, 2009). This study attempted to answer this question by proposing that the dynamics between the causes of forgetting and the processes helping the maintenance, and the manipulation of the memoranda are the key aspects in understanding the limits of WMC. Chapter 1 introduced key constructs and the strategy to examine the dynamics between inhibition, attentional control, and the causes of forgetting in working memory. The study in Chapter 2 tested the performance of children, young adults, and old adults in a working-memory updating-task with two conditions: one condition included go steps and the other condition included go, and no-go steps. The interference model (IM; Oberauer & Kliegl, 2006), a model proposing interference-related mechanisms as the main cause of forgetting was used to simultaneously fit the data of these age groups. In addition to the interference-related parameters reflecting interference by feature overwriting and interference by confusion, and in addition to the parameters reflecting the speed of processing, the study included a new parameter that captured the time for switching between go steps and no-go steps. The study indicated that children and young adults were less susceptible than old adults to interference by feature overwriting; children were the most susceptible to interference by confusion, followed by old adults and then by young adults; young adults presented the higher rate of processing, followed by children and then by old adults; and young adults were the fastest group switching from go steps to no-go steps. Chapter 3 examined the dynamics between causes of forgetting and the inhibition of a prepotent response in the context of three formal models of the limits of WMC: A resources model, a decay-based model, and three versions of the IM. The resources model was built on the assumption that a limited and shared source of activation for the maintenance and manipulation of the objects underlies the limits of WMC. The decay model assumes that memory traces of the working-memory objects decay over time if they are not reactivated via different mechanisms of maintenance. The IM, already described, proposes that interference-related mechanisms explain the limits of WMC. In two experiments and in a reanalysis of data of the second experiment, one version of the IM received more statistical support from the data. This version of the IM proposes that interference by feature overwriting and interference by confusion are the main factors underlying the limits of WMC. In addition, the model suggests that experimental conditions involving the inhibition of a prepotent response reduce the speed of processing and promotes the involuntary activation of irrelevant information in working memory. Chapter 4 summed up Chapter 2 and 3 and discussed their findings and presented how this thesis has provided evidence of interference-related mechanisms as the main cause of forgetting, and it has attempted to clarify the role of inhibition and attentional control in working memory. With the implementation of formal models and experimental manipulations in the framework of nonlinear mixed models the data offered explanations of causes of forgetting and the role of inhibition in WMC at different levels: developmental effects, aging effects, effects related to experimental manipulations and individual differences in these effects. Thus, the present approach afforded a comprehensive view of a large number of factors limiting WMC
Working Memory Capacity
DOWNLOAD
Author : Nelson Cowan
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2016-04-14
Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with Psychology categories.
The idea of one's memory "filling up" is a humorous misconception of how memory in general is thought to work; it actually has no capacity limit. However, the idea of a "full brain" makes more sense with reference to working memory, which is the limited amount of information a person can hold temporarily in an especially accessible form for use in the completion of almost any challenging cognitive task. This groundbreaking book explains the evidence supporting Cowan's theoretical proposal about working memory capacity, and compares it to competing perspectives. Cognitive psychologists profoundly disagree on how working memory is limited: whether by the number of units that can be retained (and, if so, what kind of units and how many), the types of interfering material, the time that has elapsed, some combination of these mechanisms, or none of them. The book assesses these hypotheses and examines explanations of why capacity limits occur, including vivid biological, cognitive, and evolutionary accounts. The book concludes with a discussion of the practical importance of capacity limits in daily life. This 10th anniversary Classic Edition will continue to be accessible to a wide range of readers and serve as an invaluable reference for all memory researchers.
Inhibition In Cognition
DOWNLOAD
Author : David S. Gorfein
language : en
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Release Date : 2007
Inhibition In Cognition written by David S. Gorfein and has been published by American Psychological Association (APA) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Psychology categories.
Gorfein and MacLeod have compiled a collection of chapters written by top researchers in psychology discussing the concept of inhibition at the level of cognition and behavior. This work thoroughly addresses the concept of inhibition and covers the broad range of cognition, from attention and performance through memory and language.
Working Memory And Learning
DOWNLOAD
Author : Susan Gathercole
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2008-01-30
Working Memory And Learning written by Susan Gathercole and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-30 with Education categories.
A good working memory is crucial to becoming a successful leaner, yet there is very little material available in an easy-to-use format that explains the concept and offers practitioners ways to support children with poor working memory in the classroom. This book provides a coherent overview of the role played by working memory in learning during the school years, and uses theory to inform good practice. Topics covered include: " the link between working memory skills and key areas of learning (such as literacy & numeracy) " the relationship between working memory and children with developmental disorders " assessment of children for working memory deficits " strategies for supporting working memory in under-performing children This accessible guide will help SENCOs, teachers, teaching assistants, speech and language therapists and educational psychologists to understand and address working memory in their setting
Working Memory And Academic Learning
DOWNLOAD
Author : Milton J. Dehn
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-01-04
Working Memory And Academic Learning written by Milton J. Dehn and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-04 with Psychology categories.
Equipping school and child psychologists, and neuropsychologists with critical information on the role of working memory in learning and achievement, Working Memory and Academic Learning offers guidance on assessment tools, interventions, and current evidence-based best practices. Its specific, step-by-step guidance and hands-on case studies enables you to identify how working memory relates to academic attainment and how to apply this knowledge in professional practice.
The Development Of Working Memory
DOWNLOAD
Author : Anik de Ribaupierre
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1994
The Development Of Working Memory written by Anik de Ribaupierre and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Attention in children categories.
This Special Issue of the International Journal of Behavioral Development brings together research on the development of working memory that arises within two quite different approaches.
Working Memory And Human Cognition
DOWNLOAD
Author : John T. E. Richardson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1996
Working Memory And Human Cognition written by John T. E. Richardson and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Psychology categories.
This title compares and contrasts different conceptions of working memory. This is one of the most important notions to have informed cognitive psychology over the last 20 years or so, and yet it has been used in a wide variety of ways. This is partly because contemporary usage of the phrase `working memory' encapsulates various themes that have appeared at different points in the history of research into human memory and cognition. This book presents three dominant views of working memory.
Working Memory Thought And Action
DOWNLOAD
Author : Alan Baddeley
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2007-03-15
Working Memory Thought And Action written by Alan Baddeley and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-03-15 with Psychology categories.
'Working Memory, Thought, and Action' is the magnum opus of one of the most influential cognitive psychologists of the past 50 years. This new volume on the model he created (with Graham Hitch) discusses the developments that have occurred within the model in the past twenty years, and places it within a broader context. Working memory is a temporary storage system that underpins our capacity for coherent thought. Some 30 years ago, Baddeley and Hitch proposed a way of thinking about working memory that has proved to be both valuable and influential in its application to practical problems. This book updates the theory, discussing both the evidence in its favour, and alternative approaches. In addition, it discusses the implications of the model for understanding social and emotional behaviour, concluding with an attempt to place working memory in a broader biological and philosophical context. Inside are chapters on the phonological loop, the visuo-spatial sketchpad, the central executive and the episodic buffer. There are also chapters on the relevance to working memory of studies of the recency effect, of work based on individual differences, and of neuroimaging research. The broader implications of the concept of working memory are discussed in the chapters on social psychology, anxiety, depression, consciousness and on the control of action. Finally, Baddeley discusses the relevance of a concept of working memory to the classic problems of consciousness and free will. This new volume from one of the pioneers in memory research will doubtless emulate the success of its predecessor, and be a major publication within the psychological literature.
The Cambridge Handbook Of Cognitive Science
DOWNLOAD
Author : Keith Frankish
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-07-19
The Cambridge Handbook Of Cognitive Science written by Keith Frankish and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-19 with Philosophy categories.
An authoritative, up-to-date survey of the state of the art in cognitive science, written for non-specialists.