International Law And The Antarctic Treaty System


International Law And The Antarctic Treaty System
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International Law And The Antarctic Treaty System


International Law And The Antarctic Treaty System
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Author : Arthur Watts
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1992-10

International Law And The Antarctic Treaty System written by Arthur Watts and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-10 with Law categories.


This book provides an invaluable up-to-date survey of the legal framework for Antarctic activities, written by an author with direct practical experience of the Antarctic Treaty system. Reflecting the increase of activity in the area, the work examines the basic Antarctic Treaty of 1959 and the subsequent major additional treaties and regulatory measures to provide a clear and authoritative picture of the Antarctic legal system as a whole. The author demonstrates how these legal arrangements make an important contribution to international law generally notwithstanding the unique characteristics that set Antarctica apart.



The International Law Of Antarctica


The International Law Of Antarctica
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Author : Emilio J. Sahurie
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2023-11-27

The International Law Of Antarctica written by Emilio J. Sahurie and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-27 with Law categories.


Antarctica is the last, most inhospitable frontier on earth, yet it presents a great number of unresolved conflicts between nations, individuals, environmentalists, scientists and business groups. The International Law of Antarctica addresses the crucial question of how international law can respond to claims that will certainly shape tomorrow's Antarctica. The author adopts a policy-oriented approach and focuses on the primary issue of determining the effective norms by which the process of value shaping and sharing develops in Antarctica, and to what extent such norms satisfy the prevailing aspirations of the world community. Where discrepancies are significant policies are proposed that may better meet such aspirations, as well as methods for their implementation. Part I of this study describes the social, power, and legal processes relating to Antarctica; reviews the geographic, technological, economic, and historical context in which these processes evolve, and how their special features affect such processes; and finally postulates the basic community policies with reference to which the process of claims and decisions in Antarctica are analyzed. Part II focuses on national claims to Antarctica by reviewing claims relating to the modes to establish exclusive appropriation of the area. Part III is a detailed examination of specific claims to Antarctica resources: claims to mineral and living resources, and claims relating to space-extension resources, namely, Antarctica sea and air space. It is concluded by an appraisal of the congruence of the existing order of Antarctica with the postulated basic policies, critically reviewing proposals for a new order, and advancing long-term and more immediate alternatives.



International Law For Antarctica


International Law For Antarctica
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Author : Francesco Francioni
language : en
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Release Date : 1996

International Law For Antarctica written by Francesco Francioni and has been published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Law categories.


The volume is the result of an on-going research project on the Antarctic regime being carried out in various Italian universities and open to the participation of scholars and experts from different countries. Two concomitant factors led to the undertaking of the project: the increasing interest aroused by Antarctica in the scientific community, and the dynamic evolution of the Antarctic question in international law and politics. The result is something different from simply a second edition of a previous book, as it was clear that certain topics required entirely new treatment, especially environmental protection, liability, and institutional development. The editors tried to carefully co-ordinate the 21 individual contributions so as to properly cover the whole range of topics while at the same time preserving the pluralistic character of the book.



The International Law Of Antarctica


The International Law Of Antarctica
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Author : Emilio Sahurie
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1992-07-23

The International Law Of Antarctica written by Emilio Sahurie and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-07-23 with Law categories.


Antarctica is the last, most inhospitable frontier on earth, yet it presents a great number of unresolved conflicts between nations, individuals, environmentalists, scientists and business groups. The International Law of Antarctica addresses the crucial question of how international law can respond to claims that will certainly shape tomorrow's Antarctica. The author adopts a policy-oriented approach and focuses on the primary issue of determining the effective norms by which the process of value shaping and sharing develops in Antarctica, and to what extent such norms satisfy the prevailing aspirations of the world community. Where discrepancies are significant policies are proposed that may better meet such aspirations, as well as methods for their implementation. Part I of this study describes the social, power, and legal processes relating to Antarctica; reviews the geographic, technological, economic, and historical context in which these processes evolve, and how their special features affect such processes; and finally postulates the basic community policies with reference to which the process of claims and decisions in Antarctica are analyzed. Part II focuses on national claims to Antarctica by reviewing claims relating to the modes to establish exclusive appropriation of the area. Part III is a detailed examination of specific claims to Antarctica resources: claims to mineral and living resources, and claims relating to space-extension resources, namely, Antarctica sea and air space. It is concluded by an appraisal of the congruence of the existing order of Antarctica with the postulated basic policies, critically reviewing proposals for a new order, and advancing long-term and more immediate alternatives.



International Law For Antarctica


International Law For Antarctica
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Author : Francesco Francioni
language : en
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Release Date : 2024-01-09

International Law For Antarctica written by Francesco Francioni and has been published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-09 with Law categories.




Antarctica In International Law


Antarctica In International Law
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Author : Ben Saul
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2015-04-30

Antarctica In International Law written by Ben Saul and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-30 with Law categories.


Antarctica, one of the world's last great wildernesses, presents special challenges for international law. Fears that Antarctica would become a front in the Cold War catalysed agreement on the 1959 Antarctic Treaty which neither legitimised nor challenged the existing sovereign claims to the continent. The unique Antarctic Treaty System has provided the foundation for peaceful, harmonious and effective governance. There are, however, new anxieties about the frozen continent and the Southern Ocean. Antarctica already feels the effects of climate change and ocean acidification. Claimant states assert rights to the Antarctic continental shelf and interest in Antarctic resources grows. Tourism brings new environmental and safety risks. China and other powers are increasing their activities, with some questioning the consensus of the 'Antarctic club'. Security concerns are increasingly discussed, despite Antarctica's dedication to peaceful purposes. This book brings together the main primary international materials concerning the regulation and governance of Antarctica, including multilateral and bilateral treaties, United Nations materials, 'soft laws' and judicial decisions. It covers the spectrum of Antarctic issues from environmental protection to scientific cooperation to tourism. As it shows, Antarctic law has constantly adapted to meet new challenges and is a sophisticated, inclusive, dynamic and responsive regime.



The Antarctic Treaty System


The Antarctic Treaty System
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Author : Jeffrey D Myhre
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-07-11

The Antarctic Treaty System written by Jeffrey D Myhre and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-11 with Law categories.


Because negotiations for the Antarctic Treaty were kept secret, the issues that shaped the treaty system have been poorly understood. Dr. Myhre breaks new ground by examining the records of the first Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings and evaluating the events of the Special Consultative Meetings on Antarctic Mineral Resources. Introducing the reader to Antarctic politics, Dr. Myhre examines legal and political problems arising from some nations' claims to sovereignty in Antarctica, reviews initial efforts to create an international administration for the region, and studies in detail the terms of the treaty and the rules of procedure for the consultative meetings. Turning to the diplomatic events that molded the treaty system, he concentrates on the issues that emerged in the 1960s: conservation, the role of Meetings of Experts, the position of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research within the treaty system, the obligations of acceding states to uphold previous agreements, and the Consultative Powers' failure to establish an Antarctic Secretariat. Finally, he reviews the two main challenges to the system's survival—mineral extraction and Third World opposition to the present structure.



Governing The Antarctic


Governing The Antarctic
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Author : Olav Schram Stokke
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1996

Governing The Antarctic written by Olav Schram Stokke and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Law categories.


After thirty-five years the regime based on the Antarctic Treaty is more vigorous than ever. Here leading scholars of international law and international relations examine the effectiveness and legitimacy of this regime by asking two questions: are current changes affecting the regime's ability to cope with major problems in the region, and how do those changes affect its standing amongst parties to the Treaty and in the wider international community? Individual chapters deal with the Antarctic regimes for marine living resources, mineral activities, environmental protection, and tourism. Throughout, a keen eye is kept on how those components interact and reinforce each other. This analysis is supported by in-depth studies of compatibility and tension between the Antarctic Treaty System and the international community at large. It also draws upon case studies of how domestic concerns and decision-making in four selected countries affect international co-operation in the Antarctic.



Antarctic Treaty System In World Politics


Antarctic Treaty System In World Politics
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Author : Arnfinn Jorgensen-Dahl
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1991-06-18

Antarctic Treaty System In World Politics written by Arnfinn Jorgensen-Dahl and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-06-18 with Law categories.


With particular emphasis on Norway, the papers in this volume discuss the significance of the Antarctic treaty system as it pertains to world politics.



Antarctic Security In The Twenty First Century


Antarctic Security In The Twenty First Century
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Author : Alan D. Hemmings
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012

Antarctic Security In The Twenty First Century written by Alan D. Hemmings and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Law categories.


The Antarctic Treaty (1959) was adopted for the purpose of bringing peace and stability to the region and to facilitate cooperation in scientific research conducted on and around the continent. It has now been over fifty years since the Antarctic Treaty's entry into force, nevertheless, security continues to both drive and shape the legal and policy regime which applies to Antarctica. This book explores a wide range of Antarctic and Southern Ocean issues through the lens of security. The contributions to this volume engage with a security discourse which has expanded beyond the traditional military domain to include notions of economic security, environmental security, food security, bio-security, heath security and human security. The chapters consider topics such as the implications for Antarctica and the Southern Ocean of the growing strategic competition between the rising powers of Asia, the possible effects of climate change on the authority, legitimacy and effectiveness of the Antarctic Treaty System, and the shift from 'strategic' security to 'human' security and its potential consequences for the Antarctic treaty regime.