Intraseasonal Variability In The Atmosphere Ocean Climate System
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Intraseasonal Variability In The Atmosphere Ocean Climate System
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Author : William K.-M. Lau
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-10-25
Intraseasonal Variability In The Atmosphere Ocean Climate System written by William K.-M. Lau and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-25 with Science categories.
Improving the reliability of long-range forecasts of natural disasters, such as severe weather, droughts and floods, in North America, South America, Africa and the Asian/Australasian monsoon regions is of vital importance to the livelihood of millions of people who are affected by these events. In recent years the significance of major short-term climatic variability, and events such as the El Nino/Southern Oscillation in the Pacific, with its worldwide effect on rainfall patterns, has been all to clearly demonstrated. Understanding and predicting the intra-seasonal variability (ISV) of the ocean and atmosphere is crucial to improving long range environmental forecasts and the reliability of climate change projects through climate models. In the second edition of this classic book on the subject, the authors have updated the original chapters, where appropriate, and added a new chapter that includes short subjects representing substantial new development in ISV research since the publication of the first edition.
Intraseasonal Variability In The Atmosphere Ocean Climate System
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Author : William K.-M. Lau
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-06-10
Intraseasonal Variability In The Atmosphere Ocean Climate System written by William K.-M. Lau and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06-10 with Science categories.
This is the first comprehensive review of intra-seasonal variability (ISV); the contents are balanced between observation, theory and modeling. Starting with an overview of ISV and historical observations, the book addresses the coupling between ocean and atmosphere, and the worldwide role of ISV in monsoon variability. Also considered are the connections between oscillations like the Madden, Julian and El Nino/Southern and short-term climate.
Goals Global Ocean Atmosphere Land System For Predicting Seasonal To Interannual Climate
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1994-02-01
Goals Global Ocean Atmosphere Land System For Predicting Seasonal To Interannual Climate written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-02-01 with Science categories.
This book lays out a science plan for a major, international, 15-year research program. The past 10 years have seen significant progress in studies of short-term climate variations, in particular for the region of the tropical Pacific Ocean and the El Nino/Southern Oscillation phenomenon. Some forecast skill with lead times as long as a year in advance has already been developed and put to use. The GOALS program plans to capitalize on this progress by expanding efforts on observations and seasonal-to-interannual predictions to the remainder of the tropics and to higher latitudes.
Sst Diurnal Variability In The Climate Forecast System And Its Influence On Low Frequency Variability
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Author : Jian Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Sst Diurnal Variability In The Climate Forecast System And Its Influence On Low Frequency Variability written by Jian Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Atmospheric physics categories.
The diurnal cycle of sea surface temperature (SST) is one of the fundamental periodic variations in the earth climate system. It is generated by the upper ocean's response to large diurnal change of the incoming solar radiation and other local meteorological conditions such as wind stress, precipitation, etc. In situ observations and satellite remote sensing have indicated that the SST day-night difference can be highly varied from daily to intraseasonal time scales and the amplitude of the variation can be up to 2-3 degrees C under certain conditions. The potential impacts of diurnal SST variation on the weather and climate deserve further investigation. In particularly, it has been hypothesized that the episodic enhancement of the SST diurnal amplitude actively affects organized convections over the western Pacific warm pool and modulates the tropical atmospheric intraseasonal variability. The hypothesis, however, cannot be verified with current coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models (CGCMs) because the SST diurnal cycle has yet to be efficiently resolved in these global climate models. We believe that realistic representation of SST diurnal cycle in CGCMs is important because such enhancement may improve the capability of these models to simulate weather and climate. The major difficulty in simulating the SST diurnal cycle is due to the inability of current CGCM oceanic components to resolve the transient diurnal mixed layer evolving within the upper few meters of sea water. Here we adopt two sub-layer parameterization schemes, which are designed by other scientists based on the diurnal mixed layer theories but have not been implemented in CGCMs for climate research, to the Climate Forecast System (CFS) developed by National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). Both parameterization schemes have been fully tested; multi-year simulations and several sensitivity experiments have been conducted. The SST diurnal cycle has been objectively extracted from the simulations and compared with The Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA/COARE) observations and an empirically reconstructed dataset of daily SST diurnal variation based on the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I). The results show that the CFS with sub-layer parameterizations can reproduce the characteristics of the spatial pattern and temporal variation of SST diurnal cycle to a large extent. Furthermore, we study the diurnal SST effects on the mean state and low frequency variability, with an emphasis on the atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation, through a comparison of the error patterns of the model simulation including the diurnal mixed layer process with the original CFS simulation without diurnal variation. A possible mechanism for the feedback of SST diurnal variability on tropical atmospheric intraseasonal variability has been discussed.
Global Climate
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Author : Xavier Rodo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-10-23
Global Climate written by Xavier Rodo and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-10-23 with Nature categories.
Throughout the Earth's history, the climate and biosphere have evolved together through a complex chain of interactions, making possible the extraordinary variety of ecosystems and life. These interactions also largely determine the response of the atmosphere to increasing quantities of greenhouse gases caused by human activity. Since the climate system has great inertia, this means that we will have to long bear the consequences of our past and present actions, perhaps in the form of unprecedented climate change. In this book, opinions from experts in different areas provide a detailed snapshot of the current "hotspots" in the mechanisms affecting climate system on our planet. By addressing and clarifying key topics of current climate research, it contributes to a clearer understanding of the factors underlying the debate over global warming
The Impact Of Air Sea Interactions On The Simulation Of Tropical Intraseasonal Variability
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Author : Kathy Pegion
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
The Impact Of Air Sea Interactions On The Simulation Of Tropical Intraseasonal Variability written by Kathy Pegion and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Climatic changes categories.
Assessment Of Intraseasonal To Interannual Climate Prediction And Predictability
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-09-08
Assessment Of Intraseasonal To Interannual Climate Prediction And Predictability written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-08 with Science categories.
More accurate forecasts of climate conditions over time periods of weeks to a few years could help people plan agricultural activities, mitigate drought, and manage energy resources, amongst other activities; however, current forecast systems have limited ability on these time- scales. Models for such climate forecasts must take into account complex interactions among the ocean, atmosphere, and land surface. Such processes can be difficult to represent realistically. To improve the quality of forecasts, this book makes recommendations about the development of the tools used in forecasting and about specific research goals for improving understanding of sources of predictability. To improve the accessibility of these forecasts to decision-makers and researchers, this book also suggests best practices to improve how forecasts are made and disseminated.
The Indian Ocean And Its Role In The Global Climate System
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Author : Caroline C. Ummenhofer
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2024-04-18
The Indian Ocean And Its Role In The Global Climate System written by Caroline C. Ummenhofer and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-18 with Science categories.
The Indian Ocean and its Role in the Global Climate System provides an overview of our contemporary understanding of the Indian Ocean (geology, atmosphere, ocean, hydrology, biogeochemistry) and its role in the climate system. It describes the monsoon systems, Indian Ocean circulation and connections with other ocean basins. Climatic phenomena in the Indian Ocean are detailed across a range of timescales (seasonal, interannual to multi-decadal). Biogeochemical and ecosystem variability is also described. The book will provide a summary of different tools (e.g., observations, modeling, paleoclimate records) that are used for understanding Indian Ocean variability and trends. Recent trends and future projections of the Indian Ocean, including warming, extreme events, ocean acidification and deoxygenation will be detailed. The Indian Ocean is unique and different from other tropical ocean basins due to its geography. It is traditionally under-observed and understudied, yet plays a fundamental role for regional and global climate. The vagaries of the Asian monsoon affect over a billion people and a third of the global population live in the vicinity of the Indian Ocean. It is also particularly vulnerable to climate change, with robust warming and trends in heat and freshwater observed in recent decades. Advances have recently been made in our understanding of the Indian Ocean’s circulation, interactions with adjacent ocean basins, and its role in regional and global climate. Nonetheless, significant gaps remain in understanding, observing, modeling, and predicting Indian Ocean variability and change across a range of timescales. As such, this book is the perfect compendium to any researcher, student, teacher/lecturer in the fields of oceanography, atmospheric science, paleoclimate, environmental science, meteorology and geology, as well as policy managers and water resource managers. Provides interdisciplinary content with a comprehensive overview for students and practitioners from a wide range of disciplines as well as for stakeholders Presents a broad overview and background on the current state of knowledge of the variability, change, and regional impacts of the Indian Ocean Includes links to animations, slideshows, and other educational resources
Fundamentals Of Tropical Climate Dynamics
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Author : Tim Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-06-28
Fundamentals Of Tropical Climate Dynamics written by Tim Li and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-28 with Science categories.
This textbook introduces fundamental dynamics of tropical atmosphere and ocean useful for advanced graduate courses in atmospheric and climate sciences. It presents an overview of simple atmospheric and oceanic models, as well as the observed phenomena associated with major climate modes in the tropics. It provides students with an up-to-date understanding of the dynamics of tropical climate and weather phenomena. A particular focus is given to scale interactions and atmosphere-ocean interactions associated with tropical mean climate (such as ITCZ asymmetry and annual cycles), synoptic-scale variability (such as synoptic wave trains, easterly waves and tropical cyclones), intraseasonal oscillations (such as Madden-Julian Oscillation and boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation), and interannual variability (such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole). Theoretical and conceptual models are presented for better understanding of physical mechanisms behind the observational phenomena. This book aims to motivate graduate students in atmospheric sciences and oceanography by providing them with the key methods and tools necessary to conduct research.
Tropical Intraseasonal Variability And The Stochastic Skeleton Method
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Author : Andrew J. Majda
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-09-24
Tropical Intraseasonal Variability And The Stochastic Skeleton Method written by Andrew J. Majda and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-24 with Mathematics categories.
In this text, modern applied mathematics and physical insight are used to construct the simplest and first nonlinear dynamical model for the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), i.e. the stochastic skeleton model. This model captures the fundamental features of the MJO and offers a theoretical prediction of its structure, leading to new detailed methods to identify it in observational data. The text contributes to understanding and predicting intraseasonal variability, which remains a challenging task in contemporary climate, atmospheric, and oceanic science. In the tropics, the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is the dominant component of intraseasonal variability. One of the strengths of this text is demonstrating how a blend of modern applied mathematical tools, including linear and nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), simple stochastic modeling, and numerical algorithms, have been used in conjunction with physical insight to create the model. These tools are also applied in developing several extensions of the model in order to capture additional features of the MJO, including its refined vertical structure and its interactions with the extratropics. This book is of interest to graduate students, postdocs, and senior researchers in pure and applied mathematics, physics, engineering, and climate, atmospheric, and oceanic science interested in turbulent dynamical systems as well as other complex systems.