Introducci N Al Quichua Santiague O
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A New Reference Grammar Of Modern Spanish
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Author : John Butt
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
A New Reference Grammar Of Modern Spanish written by John Butt and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Foreign Language Study categories.
(abridged and revised) This reference grammar offers intermediate and advanced students a reason ably comprehensive guide to the morphology and syntax of educated speech and plain prose in Spain and Latin America at the end of the twentieth century. Spanish is the main, usually the sole official language of twenty-one countries,} and it is set fair to overtake English by the year 2000 in numbers 2 of native speakers. This vast geographical and political diversity ensures that Spanish is a good deal less unified than French, German or even English, the latter more or less internationally standardized according to either American or British norms. Until the 1960s, the criteria of internationally correct Spanish were dictated by the Real Academia Espanola, but the prestige of this institution has now sunk so low that its most solemn decrees are hardly taken seriously - witness the fate of the spelling reforms listed in the Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortograjia, which were supposed to come into force in all Spanish-speaking countries in 1959 and, nearly forty years later, are still selectively ignored by publishers and literate persons everywhere. The fact is that in Spanish 'correctness' is nowadays decided, as it is in all living languages, by the consensus of native speakers; but consensus about linguistic usage is obviously difficult to achieve between more than twenty independent, widely scattered and sometimes mutually hostile countries. Peninsular Spanish is itself in flux.
Emerging Research In Intelligent Systems
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Author : Miguel Botto-Tobar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2022-02-10
Emerging Research In Intelligent Systems written by Miguel Botto-Tobar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the XVI Multidisciplinary International Congress on Science and Technology (CIT 2021), held in Quito, Ecuador, on June 14–18, 2021, proudly organized by Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE in collaboration with GDEON. CIT is an international event with a multidisciplinary approach that promotes the dissemination of advances in science and technology research through the presentation of keynote conferences. In CIT, theoretical, technical, or application works that are research products are presented to discuss and debate ideas, experiences, and challenges. Presenting high-quality, peer-reviewed papers, the book discusses the following topics: Artificial Intelligence Computational Modeling Data Communications Defense Engineering Innovation, Technology, and Society Managing Technology & Sustained Innovation, and Business Development Security and Cryptography Software Engineering
Benefactives And Malefactives
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Author : Fernando Zúñiga
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2010-04-14
Benefactives And Malefactives written by Fernando Zúñiga and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-14 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Benefactives are constructions used to express that a state of affairs holds to someone’s advantage. The same construction sometimes also serves as a malefactive, whose meanings are generally not a simple mirror image of the benefactive. Benefactive constructions cover a wide range of phenomena: malefactive passives, general and specialized benefactive cases and adpositions, serial verb constructions and converbal constructions (including e.g. verbs of giving and taking), benefactive applicatives, and other morphosyntactic strategies. The present book is the first collection of its kind to be published on this topic. It includes both typological surveys and in-depth descriptive studies, exploring both the morphosyntactic properties and the semantic nuances of phenomena ranging from the familiar English double-object construction and the Japanese adversative passive to comparable phenomena found in lesser-known languages of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The book will appeal to typologists and linguists interested in linguistic diversity and it will also be a useful reference work for linguists working on language description.
14th Session Of The General Assembly Of Iucn And 14th Iucn Technical Meeting
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Author : International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
language : en
Publisher: Iucn
Release Date : 1979
14th Session Of The General Assembly Of Iucn And 14th Iucn Technical Meeting written by International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources and has been published by Iucn this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Conservation of natural resources categories.
Deer Of The World
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Author : George Kenneth Whitehead
language : en
Publisher: Penguin Putnam
Release Date : 1972
Deer Of The World written by George Kenneth Whitehead and has been published by Penguin Putnam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Nature categories.
Textiles Of Ancient Peru And Their Techniques
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Author : Raoul d'. Harcourt
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2002-01-01
Textiles Of Ancient Peru And Their Techniques written by Raoul d'. Harcourt and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01-01 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.
This magnificently illustrated work offers a comprehensive view of the textiles and techniques of pre-Columbian Peru. An introduction discusses yarns, dyes, looms, and raw materials; the first of the two-part text examines weaves, and the second considers such nonwoven materials as braiding, felt, and embroidery.
Grammars In Contact
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Author : Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2007-01-04
Grammars In Contact written by Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-04 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Languages can be similar in many ways - they can resemble each other in categories, constructions and meanings, and in the actual forms used to express these. A shared feature may be based on common genetic origin, or result from geographic proximity and borrowing. Some aspects of grammar are spread more readily than others. The question is - which are they? When languages are in contact with each other, what changes do we expect to occur in their grammatical structures? Only an inductively based cross-linguistic examination can provide an answer. This is what this volume is about. The book starts with a typological introduction outlining principles of contact-induced change and factors which facilitate diffusion of linguistic traits. It is followed by twelve studies of contact-induced changes in languages from Amazonia, East and West Africa, Australia, East Timor, and the Sinitic domain. Set alongside these are studies of Pennsylvania German spoken by Mennonites in Canada in contact with English, Basque in contact with Romance languages in Spain and France, and language contact in the Balkans. All the studies are based on intensive fieldwork, and each cast in terms of the typological parameters set out in the introduction. The book includes a glossary to facilitate its use by graduates and advanced undergraduates in linguistics and in disciplines such as anthropology.
Changing Valency
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Author : Robert M. W. Dixon
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-02-10
Changing Valency written by Robert M. W. Dixon and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-02-10 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Distinguished scholars examine the phenomena of passives and causatives in languages from around the world.
Grammatical Roles And Relations
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Author : Frank Robert Palmer
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1994-02-25
Grammatical Roles And Relations written by Frank Robert Palmer and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-02-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Frank Palmer's new book is a typological survey of grammatical roles, such as Agent, Patient, Beneficiary, and grammatical relations, such as Subject, Direct Object and Indirect Object, which are familiar concepts in traditional grammars. It describes the devices, such as the Passive, that alter or switch the identities between such roles and relations. A great wealth of examples is used to show that the grammatical systems of the familiar European languages are far from typical of many of the world's languages, for which we need to use such terms as 'Ergative' and 'Antipassive'. Professor Palmer provides an elegant and consistent framework within which grammatical roles and relations may be discussed, combining a great clarity of discussion with evidence from an enormous number of the world's languages.
Change In Latin America
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Author : Daniel Cosío Villegas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1961
Change In Latin America written by Daniel Cosío Villegas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1961 with America categories.