Introduction To Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics
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Introduction To Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics
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Author : Constantino Tsallis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-03-03
Introduction To Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics written by Constantino Tsallis and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-03 with Science categories.
Metaphors, generalizations and unifications are natural and desirable ingredients of the evolution of scientific theories and concepts. Physics, in particular, obviously walks along these paths since its very beginning. This book focuses on nonextensive statistical mechanics, a current generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistical mechanics, one of the greatest monuments of contemporary physics. Conceived more than 130 years ago by Maxwell, Boltzmann and Gibbs, the BG theory exhibits uncountable – some of them impressive – successes in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and computational sciences, to name a few. Presently, more than two thousand publications, by over 1800 scientists around the world, have been dedicated to the nonextensive generalization. Remarkable applications have emerged, and its mathematical grounding is by now relatively well established. A pedagogical introduction to its concepts – nonlinear dynamics, extensivity of the nonadditive entropy, global correlations, generalization of the standard CLT’s, among others – is presented in this book as well as a selection of paradigmatic applications in various sciences together with diversified experimental verifications of some of its predictions. This is the first pedagogical book on the subject, written by the proponent of the theory Presents many applications to interdisciplinary complex phenomena in virtually all sciences, ranging from physics to medicine, from economics to biology, through signal and image processing and others Offers a detailed derivation of results, illustrations and for the first time detailed presentation of Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics
Introduction To Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics
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Author : Constantino Tsallis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-01-30
Introduction To Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics written by Constantino Tsallis and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-30 with Science categories.
This book focuses on nonextensive statistical mechanics, a current generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistical mechanics. Conceived nearly 150 years ago by Maxwell, Boltzmann and Gibbs, the BG theory, one of the greatest monuments of contemporary physics, exhibits many impressive successes in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and computational sciences. Presently, several thousands of publications by scientists around the world have been dedicated to its nonextensive generalization. A variety of applications have emerged in complex systems and its mathematical grounding is by now well advanced. Since the first edition release thirteen years ago, there has been a vast amount of new results in the field, all of which have been incorporated in this comprehensive second edition. Heavily revised and updated with new sections and figures, the second edition remains the go-to text on the subject. A pedagogical introduction to the BG theory concepts and their generalizations – nonlinear dynamics, extensivity of the nonadditive entropy, global correlations, generalization of the standard CLT’s, complex networks, among others – is presented in this book, as well as a selection of paradigmatic applications in various sciences together with diversified experimental verifications of some of its predictions. Introduction to Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics is suitable for students and researchers with an interest in complex systems and statistical physics.
Kappa Distributions
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Author : George Livadiotis
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2017-04-19
Kappa Distributions written by George Livadiotis and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-19 with Science categories.
Kappa Distributions: Theory and Applications in Plasmas presents the theoretical developments of kappa distributions, their applications in plasmas, and how they affect the underpinnings of our understanding of space and plasma physics, astrophysics, and statistical mechanics/thermodynamics. Separated into three major parts, the book covers theoretical methods, analytical methods in plasmas, and applications in space plasmas. The first part of the book focuses on basic aspects of the statistical theory of kappa distributions, beginning with their connection to the solid backgrounds of non-extensive statistical mechanics. The book then moves on to plasma physics, and is devoted to analytical methods related to kappa distributions on various basic plasma topics, spanning linear/nonlinear plasma waves, solitons, shockwaves, and dusty plasmas. The final part of the book deals with applications in space plasmas, focusing on applications of theoretical and analytical developments in space plasmas from the heliosphere and beyond, in other astrophysical plasmas. Kappa Distributions is ideal for space, plasma, and statistical physicists; geophysicists, especially of the upper atmosphere; Earth and planetary scientists; and astrophysicists. - Answers important questions, such as how plasma waves are affected by kappa distributions and how solar wind, magnetospheres, and other geophysical, space, and astrophysical plasmas can be modeled using kappa distributions - Presents the features of kappa distributions in the context of plasmas, including how kappa indices, temperatures, and densities vary among the species populations in different plasmas - Provides readers with the information they need to decide which specific formula of kappa distribution should be used for a certain occasion and system (toolbox)
Nonextensive Entropy
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Author : Murray Gell-Mann
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2004-04-15
Nonextensive Entropy written by Murray Gell-Mann and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-04-15 with Science categories.
A great variety of complex phenomena in many scientific fields exhibit power-law behavior, reflecting a hierarchical or fractal structure. Many of these phenomena seem to be susceptible to description using approaches drawn from thermodynamics or statistical mechanics, particularly approaches involving the maximization of entropy and of Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics and standard laws in a natural way. The book addresses the interdisciplinary applications of these ideas, and also on various phenomena that could possibly be quantitatively describable in terms of these ideas.
Introduction To Statistical Physics
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Author : Silvio Salinas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-02-08
Introduction To Statistical Physics written by Silvio Salinas and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-02-08 with Science categories.
This textbook covers the basic principles of statistical physics and thermodynamics. The text is pitched at the level equivalent to first-year graduate studies or advanced undergraduate studies. It presents the subject in a straightforward and lively manner. After reviewing the basic probability theory of classical thermodynamics, the author addresses the standard topics of statistical physics. The text demonstrates their relevance in other scientific fields using clear and explicit examples. Later chapters introduce phase transitions, critical phenomena and non-equilibrium phenomena.
Statistical Physics Of Non Equilibrium Quantum Phenomena
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Author : Yves Pomeau
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-29
Statistical Physics Of Non Equilibrium Quantum Phenomena written by Yves Pomeau and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-29 with Science categories.
This book provides an introduction to topics in non-equilibrium quantum statistical physics for both mathematicians and theoretical physicists. The first part introduces a kinetic equation, of Kolmogorov type, which is needed to describe an isolated atom (actually, in experiments, an ion) under the effect of a classical pumping electromagnetic field which keeps the atom in its excited state(s) together with the random emission of fluorescence photons which put it back into its ground state. The quantum kinetic theory developed in the second part is an extension of Boltzmann's classical (non-quantum) kinetic theory of a dilute gas of quantum bosons. This is the source of many interesting fundamental questions, particularly because, if the temperature is low enough, such a gas is known to have at equilibrium a transition, the Bose–Einstein transition, where a finite portion of the particles stay in the quantum ground state. An important question considered is how a Bose gas condensate develops in time if its energy is initially low enough.
Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics And Its Applications
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Author : Sumiyoshi Abe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-02-26
Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics And Its Applications written by Sumiyoshi Abe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-02-26 with Science categories.
Nonextensive statistical mechanics is now a rapidly growing field and a new stream in the research of the foundations of statistical mechanics. This generalization of the well-known Boltzmann--Gibbs theory enables the study of systems with long-range interactions, long-term memories or multi-fractal structures. This book consists of a set of self-contained lectures and includes additional contributions where some of the latest developments -- ranging from astro- to biophysics -- are covered. Addressing primarily graduate students and lecturers, this book will also be a useful reference for all researchers working in the field.
Foundations Of Statistical Mechanics
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Author : O. Penrose
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2016-09-21
Foundations Of Statistical Mechanics written by O. Penrose and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-21 with Science categories.
International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy, Volume 22: Foundations of Statistical Mechanics: A Deductive Treatment presents the main approaches to the basic problems of statistical mechanics. This book examines the theory that provides explicit recognition to the limitations on one's powers of observation. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the main physical assumptions and their idealization in the form of postulates. This text then examines the consequences of these postulates that culminate in a derivation of the fundamental formula for calculating probabilities in terms of dynamic quantities. Other chapters provide a careful analysis of the significant notion of entropy, which shows the links between thermodynamics and statistical mechanics and also between communication theory and statistical mechanics. The final chapter deals with the thermodynamic concept of entropy. This book is intended to be suitable for students of theoretical physics. Probability theorists, statisticians, and philosophers will also find this book useful.
Statistical Physics Of Spin Glasses And Information Processing
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Author : Hidetoshi Nishimori
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2001
Statistical Physics Of Spin Glasses And Information Processing written by Hidetoshi Nishimori and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Computers categories.
Spin glasses are magnetic materials. Statistical mechanics, a subfield of physics, has been a powerful tool to theoretically analyse various unique properties of spin glasses. A number of new analytical techniques have been developed to establish a theory of spin glasses. Surprisingly, these techniques have turned out to offer new tools and viewpoints for the understanding of information processing problems, including neural networks, error-correcting codes, image restoration, and optimization problems. This book is one of the first publications of the past ten years that provide a broad overview of this interdisciplinary field. Most of the book is written in a self-contained manner, assuming only a general knowledge of statistical mechanics and basic probability theory. It provides the reader with a sound introduction to the field and to the analytical techniques necessary to follow its most recent developments
Microcanonical Thermodynamics
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Author : Dieter H. E. Gross
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2001
Microcanonical Thermodynamics written by Dieter H. E. Gross and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Science categories.
Boltzmann's formula S = In(W(E) defines the microcanonical ensemble. The usual textbooks on statistical mechanics start with the microensemble but rather quickly switch to the canonical ensemble introduced by Gibbs. This has the main advantage of easier analytical calculations, but there is a price to pay -- for example, phase transitions can only be defined in the thermodynamic limit of infinite system size. The question how phase transitions show up from systems with, say, 100 particles with an increasing number towards the bulk can only be answered when one finds a way to define and classify phase transitions in small systems. This is all possible within Boltzmann's original definition of the microcanonical ensemble. Starting from Boltzmann's formula, the book formulates the microcanonical thermodynamics entirely within the frame of mechanics. This way the thermodynamic limit is avoided and the formalism applies to small as well to other nonextensive systems like gravitational ones. Phasetransitions of first order, continuous transitions, critical lines and multicritical points can be unambiguously defined by the curvature of the entropy S(E, N). Special attention is given to the fragmentation of nuclei and atomic clusters as a peculiar phase transition of small systems controlled, among others, by angular momentum. The dependence of the liquid-gas transition of small atomic clusters under prescribed pressure is treated. Thus the analogue to the bulk transition can be studied. New insights into the many facets of the many-body physics of the critical point are presented. The book also describes the microcanonical statistics of the collapse of a self-gravitating system under large angular momentum.