Introduction To Single Cell Omics
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Introduction To Single Cell Omics
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Author : Xinghua Pan
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-09-19
Introduction To Single Cell Omics written by Xinghua Pan and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-19 with categories.
Single-cell omics is a progressing frontier that stems from the sequencing of the human genome and the development of omics technologies, particularly genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics and proteomics, but the sensitivity is now improved to single-cell level. The new generation of methodologies, especially the next generation sequencing (NGS) technology, plays a leading role in genomics related fields; however, the conventional techniques of omics require number of cells to be large, usually on the order of millions of cells, which is hardly accessible in some cases. More importantly, harnessing the power of omics technologies and applying those at the single-cell level are crucial since every cell is specific and unique, and almost every cell population in every systems, derived in either vivo or in vitro, is heterogeneous. Deciphering the heterogeneity of the cell population hence becomes critical for recognizing the mechanism and significance of the system. However, without an extensive examination of individual cells, a massive analysis of cell population would only give an average output of the cells, but neglect the differences among cells. Single-cell omics seeks to study a number of individual cells in parallel for their different dimensions of molecular profile on genome-wide scale, providing unprecedented resolution for the interpretation of both the structure and function of an organ, tissue or other system, as well as the interaction (and communication) and dynamics of single cells or subpopulations of cells and their lineages. Importantly single-cell omics enables the identification of a minor subpopulation of cells that may play a critical role in biological process over a dominant subpolulation such as a cancer and a developing organ. It provides an ultra-sensitive tool for us to clarify specific molecular mechanisms and pathways and reveal the nature of cell heterogeneity. Besides, it also empowers the clinical investigation of patients when facing a very low quantity of cell available for analysis, such as noninvasive cancer screening with circulating tumor cells (CTC), noninvasive prenatal diagnostics (NIPD) and preimplantation genetic test (PGT) for in vitro fertilization. Single-cell omics greatly promotes the understanding of life at a more fundamental level, bring vast applications in medicine. Accordingly, single-cell omics is also called as single-cell analysis or single-cell biology. Within only a couple of years, single-cell omics, especially transcriptomic sequencing (scRNA-seq), whole genome and exome sequencing (scWGS, scWES), has become robust and broadly accessible. Besides the existing technologies, recently, multiplexing barcode design and combinatorial indexing technology, in combination with microfluidic platform exampled by Drop-seq, or even being independent of microfluidic platform but using a regular PCR-plate, enable us a greater capacity of single cell analysis, switching from one single cell to thousands of single cells in a single test. The unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) allow the amplification bias among the original molecules to be corrected faithfully, resulting in a reliable quantitative measurement of omics in single cells. Of late, a variety of single-cell epigenomics analyses are becoming sophisticated, particularly single cell chromatin accessibility (scATAC-seq) and CpG methylation profiling (scBS-seq, scRRBS-seq). High resolution single molecular Fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) and its revolutionary versions (ex. seqFISH, MERFISH, and so on), in addition to the spatial transcriptome sequencing, make the native relationship of the individual cells of a tissue to be in 3D or 4D format visually and quantitatively clarified. On the other hand, CRISPR/cas9 editing-based In vivo lineage tracing methods enable dynamic profile of a whole developmental process to be accurately displayed. Multi-omics analysis facilitates the study of multi-dimensional regulation and relationship of different elements of the central dogma in a single cell, as well as permitting a clear dissection of the complicated omics heterogeneity of a system. Last but not the least, the technology, biological noise, sequence dropout, and batch effect bring a huge challenge to the bioinformatics of single cell omics. While significant progress in the data analysis has been made since then, revolutionary theory and algorithm logics for single cell omics are expected. Indeed, single-cell analysis exert considerable impacts on the fields of biological studies, particularly cancers, neuron and neural system, stem cells, embryo development and immune system; other than that, it also tremendously motivates pharmaceutic RD, clinical diagnosis and monitoring, as well as precision medicine. This book hereby summarizes the recent developments and general considerations of single-cell analysis, with a detailed presentation on selected technologies and applications. Starting with the experimental design on single-cell omics, the book then emphasizes the consideration on heterogeneity of cancer and other systems. It also gives an introduction of the basic methods and key facts for bioinformatics analysis. Secondary, this book provides a summary of two types of popular technologies, the fundamental tools on single-cell isolation, and the developments of single cell multi-omics, followed by descriptions of FISH technologies, though other popular technologies are not covered here due to the fact that they are intensively described here and there recently. Finally, the book illustrates an elastomer-based integrated fluidic circuit that allows a connection between single cell functional studies combining stimulation, response, imaging and measurement, and corresponding single cell sequencing. This is a model system for single cell functional genomics. In addition, it reports a pipeline for single-cell proteomics with an analysis of the early development of Xenopus embryo, a single-cell qRT-PCR application that defined the subpopulations related to cell cycling, and a new method for synergistic assembly of single cell genome with sequencing of amplification product by phi29 DNA polymerase. Due to the tremendous progresses of single-cell omics in recent years, the topics covered here are incomplete, but each individual topic is excellently addressed, significantly interesting and beneficial to scientists working in or affiliated with this field.
Single Cell Omics
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Author : Debmalya Barh
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-07-31
Single Cell Omics written by Debmalya Barh and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-31 with Medical categories.
Single-cell Omics, Volume 2: Advances in Applications provides the latest single-cell omics applications in the field of biomedicine. The advent of omics technologies have enabled us to identify the differences between cell types and subpopulations at the level of the genome, proteome, transcriptome, epigenome, and in several other fields of omics. The book is divided into two sections: the first is dedicated to biomedical applications, such as cell diagnostics, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), circulating tumor cells, breast cancer, gliomas, nervous systems and autoimmune disorders, and more. The second focuses on cell omics in plants, discussing micro algal and single cell omics, and more. This book is a valuable source for bioinformaticians, molecular diagnostic researchers, clinicians and several members of biomedical field interested in understanding more about single-cell omics and its potential for research and diagnosis.
Computational Methods For Single Cell Data Analysis
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Author : Guo-Cheng Yuan
language : en
Publisher: Humana Press
Release Date : 2019-02-14
Computational Methods For Single Cell Data Analysis written by Guo-Cheng Yuan and has been published by Humana Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-14 with Science categories.
This detailed book provides state-of-art computational approaches to further explore the exciting opportunities presented by single-cell technologies. Chapters each detail a computational toolbox aimed to overcome a specific challenge in single-cell analysis, such as data normalization, rare cell-type identification, and spatial transcriptomics analysis, all with a focus on hands-on implementation of computational methods for analyzing experimental data. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Computational Methods for Single-Cell Data Analysis aims to cover a wide range of tasks and serves as a vital handbook for single-cell data analysis.
Guide To Plant Single Cell Technology
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Author : Jen-Tsung Chen
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2024-11-25
Guide To Plant Single Cell Technology written by Jen-Tsung Chen and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Guide to Plant Single-Cell Technology: Functional Genomics and Crop Improvement summarizes the current status of single-cell technology in plants involving food and energy crops. Presenting methods and applications of emerging high-throughput technologies performed using the single-cell platform it includes an emphasis on single-cell RNA sequencing and eventually towards single-cell omics, which are highly complementary and effective for profiling the plant cell subject to either environmental factors or pathogenic threats. These technologies can advance the exploration of plant physiology as well as precision crop breeding for future anti-stress and high-yield plants and achieve sustainable agriculture.The book covers crop improvement and breeding strategies involving single-cell technology to produce future stress-tolerant and high-yield plants, which have better performances on growth, and development to achieve enhanced production of foods and biomass.Guide to Plant Single-Cell Technology: Functional Genomics and Crop Improvement will be a valuable reference resource for academics and researchers in plant and crop sciences. - Focuses on plant molecular profiling using single-cell technology and the integration with functional genomics - Discusses the current methods and challenges of single-cell RNA sequencing in plants - Summarizes the emerging findings of plant single-cell technology - Presents advanced high-throughput technologies for plant omics
Evolution Of Translational Omics
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2012-09-13
Evolution Of Translational Omics written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-13 with Science categories.
Technologies collectively called omics enable simultaneous measurement of an enormous number of biomolecules; for example, genomics investigates thousands of DNA sequences, and proteomics examines large numbers of proteins. Scientists are using these technologies to develop innovative tests to detect disease and to predict a patient's likelihood of responding to specific drugs. Following a recent case involving premature use of omics-based tests in cancer clinical trials at Duke University, the NCI requested that the IOM establish a committee to recommend ways to strengthen omics-based test development and evaluation. This report identifies best practices to enhance development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests while simultaneously reinforcing steps to ensure that these tests are appropriately assessed for scientific validity before they are used to guide patient treatment in clinical trials.
Single Cell Transcriptomics
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Author : Raffaele A. Calogero
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-12-10
Single Cell Transcriptomics written by Raffaele A. Calogero and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-10 with Science categories.
This volume provides up-to-date methods on single cell wet and bioinformatics protocols based on the researcher experiment requirements. Chapters detail basic analytical procedures, single-cell data QC, dimensionality reduction, clustering, cluster-specific features selection, RNA velocity, multi-modal data integration, and single cell RNA editing. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Single Cell Transcriptomics: Methods and Protocols aims to be a valuable resource for all researchers interested in learning more about this important and developing field.
Computational Genomics With R
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Author : Altuna Akalin
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-12-16
Computational Genomics With R written by Altuna Akalin and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-16 with Mathematics categories.
Computational Genomics with R provides a starting point for beginners in genomic data analysis and also guides more advanced practitioners to sophisticated data analysis techniques in genomics. The book covers topics from R programming, to machine learning and statistics, to the latest genomic data analysis techniques. The text provides accessible information and explanations, always with the genomics context in the background. This also contains practical and well-documented examples in R so readers can analyze their data by simply reusing the code presented. As the field of computational genomics is interdisciplinary, it requires different starting points for people with different backgrounds. For example, a biologist might skip sections on basic genome biology and start with R programming, whereas a computer scientist might want to start with genome biology. After reading: You will have the basics of R and be able to dive right into specialized uses of R for computational genomics such as using Bioconductor packages. You will be familiar with statistics, supervised and unsupervised learning techniques that are important in data modeling, and exploratory analysis of high-dimensional data. You will understand genomic intervals and operations on them that are used for tasks such as aligned read counting and genomic feature annotation. You will know the basics of processing and quality checking high-throughput sequencing data. You will be able to do sequence analysis, such as calculating GC content for parts of a genome or finding transcription factor binding sites. You will know about visualization techniques used in genomics, such as heatmaps, meta-gene plots, and genomic track visualization. You will be familiar with analysis of different high-throughput sequencing data sets, such as RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and BS-seq. You will know basic techniques for integrating and interpreting multi-omics datasets. Altuna Akalin is a group leader and head of the Bioinformatics and Omics Data Science Platform at the Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center, Berlin. He has been developing computational methods for analyzing and integrating large-scale genomics data sets since 2002. He has published an extensive body of work in this area. The framework for this book grew out of the yearly computational genomics courses he has been organizing and teaching since 2015.
Precision Medicine For Investigators Practitioners And Providers
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Author : Joel Faintuch
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-11-16
Precision Medicine For Investigators Practitioners And Providers written by Joel Faintuch and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-16 with Science categories.
Precision Medicine for Investigators, Practitioners and Providers addresses the needs of investigators by covering the topic as an umbrella concept, from new drug trials to wearable diagnostic devices, and from pediatrics to psychiatry in a manner that is up-to-date and authoritative. Sections include broad coverage of concerning disease groups and ancillary information about techniques, resources and consequences. Moreover, each chapter follows a structured blueprint, so that multiple, essential items are not overlooked. Instead of simply concentrating on a limited number of extensive and pedantic coverages, scholarly diagrams are also included. - Provides a three-pronged approach to precision medicine that is focused on investigators, practitioners and healthcare providers - Covers disease groups and ancillary information about techniques, resources and consequences - Follows a structured blueprint, ensuring essential chapters items are not overlooked
Single Cell Omics Of Neuronal Cells
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Author : Jonathan V. Sweedler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-08-10
Single Cell Omics Of Neuronal Cells written by Jonathan V. Sweedler and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-10 with Medical categories.
This volume discusses the latest techniques used in the diverse fields of single cell ‘omics and covers topics such as quantifying the single cell transcriptome; isolation of cells in nanoliter volumes for single cell proteomics measurements by nano-LC-MS/MS; and single cell protein characterization by immunoblotting. A wide range of methodologies are highlighted, ranging from high-yield chemical amplification to mass spectrometry and nanotechnology for the analysis of the chemical constituents of cells. In the Neuromethods series style, chapters include both in-depth overviews, as well as detailed protocols that provide the key advice from specialists you need to get successful results in your laboratory. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Single Cell ‘Omics of Neuronal Cells is a valuable resource for experienced and novice researchers interested in learning more about this field and its future developments.
Computational Optimal Transport
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Author : Gabriel Peyre
language : en
Publisher: Foundations and Trends(r) in M
Release Date : 2019-02-12
Computational Optimal Transport written by Gabriel Peyre and has been published by Foundations and Trends(r) in M this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-12 with Computers categories.
The goal of Optimal Transport (OT) is to define geometric tools that are useful to compare probability distributions. Their use dates back to 1781. Recent years have witnessed a new revolution in the spread of OT, thanks to the emergence of approximate solvers that can scale to sizes and dimensions that are relevant to data sciences. Thanks to this newfound scalability, OT is being increasingly used to unlock various problems in imaging sciences (such as color or texture processing), computer vision and graphics (for shape manipulation) or machine learning (for regression, classification and density fitting). This monograph reviews OT with a bias toward numerical methods and their applications in data sciences, and sheds lights on the theoretical properties of OT that make it particularly useful for some of these applications. Computational Optimal Transport presents an overview of the main theoretical insights that support the practical effectiveness of OT before explaining how to turn these insights into fast computational schemes. Written for readers at all levels, the authors provide descriptions of foundational theory at two-levels. Generally accessible to all readers, more advanced readers can read the specially identified more general mathematical expositions of optimal transport tailored for discrete measures. Furthermore, several chapters deal with the interplay between continuous and discrete measures, and are thus targeting a more mathematically-inclined audience. This monograph will be a valuable reference for researchers and students wishing to get a thorough understanding of Computational Optimal Transport, a mathematical gem at the interface of probability, analysis and optimization.