Ion Selective Microelectrodes And Their Use In Excitable Tissues
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Ion Selective Microelectrodes And Their Use In Excitable Tissues
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Author : Eva Sykova
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Ion Selective Microelectrodes And Their Use In Excitable Tissues written by Eva Sykova and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The Symposium on "Ion Selective Microelectrodes and Their Use in Excitable Tissues" was held in Prague from July 8-11, 1980. It was organized by the Institute of Physiology of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences as a satellite symposium of the XXVIII Interna tional Congress of Physiological Sciences in Budapest. Sixty parti cipants met for three days in the historical setting of the Strahov Monastery. The informal and relaxed atmosphere of the scientific sessions, together with the social programme made the meeting a success and helped to cement old friendships and to form new ones. The organizers were happy to welcome as participants representatives from most of the laboratories working with ion-selective microelectrodes (ISMs) in the world. Neurophysiological research with liquid ion-exchanger ISMs in the Prague laboratory was started as early as 1971 due to the fact that one of us (P. H. ) had the opportunity of learning the technique directly from Dr. J. L. Walker in Salt Lake City. It was thanks to his patience and, later, his courtesy in providing us with the liquid ion-exchanger for potassium and silicone that we were able to get a start in what turned out to be, in a year or so, very strong international competition. This volume contains the papers presented at the Symposium. It is divided according to the actual sessions with names of the chair men, who helped the organizers to make the Symposium a real success.
Biomag 96
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Author : Cheryl J. Aine
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Biomag 96 written by Cheryl J. Aine and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Science categories.
A modified Linear Estimation Approach was performed to reconstruct current sources within the heart. Based on MRI data sets the Boundary Element Method was used to create tailored multicompartment models of the human thorax which were used to solve the forward problem of magnetocardiography. The ability of the proposed method was demonstrated for the localization of a single current dipole as an example of a focal source. By means of introducing small shiftings to all reconstruction dipoles during linear estimation solution as well as performing a successive focussing strategy ignoring places without significant electrical activity the method could easily be extended to the reconstruction of real 3D sources. Based on a special minimum-norm solution the source volume can be estimated applying a finite element approximation using cube elements. The size of an extended current source can be estimated by superimposing the reconstructed dipoles to an equivalent dipole and comparing the corresponding volume with the sphere which would be related to the equivalent dipole. The deviation of these volumes can be taken as a criterion for non-dipolarity of sources.
Ionic And Volume Changes In The Microenvironment Of Nerve And Receptor Cells
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Author : Eva Sykova
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Ionic And Volume Changes In The Microenvironment Of Nerve And Receptor Cells written by Eva Sykova and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Stability of the internal environment in which neuronal elements are situated is unquestionably an important prerequisite for the effective transmission of information in the nervous system. During the past decade our knowledge on the microenvironment of nerve cells has expanded. The conception that the microenvironment of neurones comprises a fluid with a relatively simple and stable composition is no longer accepted; the microenvironment is now envisaged as a dynamic structure whose composition, shape, and volume changes, thereby significantly influencing neuronal function and the trans mission of information in the nervous system. The modern conception of the neuronal microenvironment is based on the results of research over the last 20 years. The extracellular space (ECS) is comprehended not only as a relatively stable microenvironment containing neurones and glial cells (Bernard 1878), but also as a channel for communica tion between them. The close proximity of the neuronal elements in the CNS and the narrowness of the intercellular spaces provides a basis not only for interaction between the elements themselves, but also between the elements and their microenvironment. Substances which can cross the cell membranes can easily find their way through the microenvironment to adjacent cellular elements. In this way the microenvironment can assure non-synaptic com munication between the relevant neurones. Signalization can be coded by modulation of the chemical composition of the ECS in the vicinity of the cell membrane and does not require classic connection by axones, dendrites, and synapses.
Progress In Enzyme And Ion Selective Electrodes
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Author : D.W. Lübbers
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Progress In Enzyme And Ion Selective Electrodes written by D.W. Lübbers and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Proceedings of the Meeting on Theory and Application of Ion Selective Electrodes in Physiology and Medicine, held at Dortmund on July 28-30, 1980
Oxygen Transport To Tissue V
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Author : D. W. Lubbers
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Oxygen Transport To Tissue V written by D. W. Lubbers and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
On the understanding that few people ever read the preface to any book and also on the understanding that even those few people who do read the preface realize that virtually nothing of any substance is ever said, I shall write at such length as will be proportional to my expected readership. The meetings of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue provide a forum for discussion amongst scientists who, although being from very diverse and specialized backgrounds, have tissue oxygenation as a unifying theme of interest. The wide variety of research material presented in this volume and the multiplicity of the experimental techniques described, should serve as an adequate gauge to the range of expertise and knowledge of the society's members. Such diversity should also stress the importance of the need for multidisciplinary approaches to complex biological problems. In attempting a fundamental characterization of a biological process such as tissue oxygenation, the application of very many separate research skills are necessary, such as mathematics, engi neering, biophysics, biochemistry, physiology, histology and clini cal medicine. The success of the ISOTT has - and we hope - will con tinue to be causing a combination of individuals to direct their specialized knowledge to the many facets of a single proces- tissue oxygenation.
Ions In The Brain
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Author : George G. Somjen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2004
Ions In The Brain written by George G. Somjen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Medical categories.
Ions, their movements across membranes, and their flow through specialized ion channels are central to the understanding of brain function, normal and pathological. This book deals with the regulation of ions in brain, and the effects of changing ion levels on the excitability of neurons and on synaptic transmission. The roles of ions in generating epileptic seizures are considered, as well as in the devastation caused by hypoxia and stroke in brain tissue.
Central Nervous System Trauma Status Report 1985
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Author : Donald P. Becker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Central Nervous System Trauma Status Report 1985 written by Donald P. Becker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Central nervous system categories.
Chemical Sensing With Solid State Devices
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Author : Marc J. Madou
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Chemical Sensing With Solid State Devices written by Marc J. Madou and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
This book is a lucid presentation for chemists, electrical engineers, surface scientists, and solid-state physicists, of the fundamentals underlying the construction of simple and small chemical sensors. The first part of the book is a review of the theoretical background in solid state physics, chemistry and electronics. Semiconductor and solid electrolyte bulk models are reviewed as well as solid/gas and solid/liquid interface models. Membranes and catalysis theory are also covered expansively. The second part is a discussion of more complete sensor devices, their essential components, and of the important developments in this area over the last fifteen to twenty years. The book provides guidance through the multidisciplinary world of chemical sensors. It should be understandable to students with some training in physics and chemistry and a general knowledge of electronics. Finally, comments on economic considerations in the development of new sensor products and suggestionsfor future research and development should be of value to company R&D planners.
Calcium And Ion Channel Modulation
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Author : A. D. Grinnell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Calcium And Ion Channel Modulation written by A. D. Grinnell and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Social Science categories.
Cellular neurobiology has been transformed in the past decade by new technologies and fundamental discoveries. One result is an enormous increase in our understanding of how ion channels function in nerve and muscle cells and a widening perspective on the role of ion channels in non-neuronal cell physiology and development. Patch clamp techniques now permit direct observation of the transitions between functional confor mations of individual ion channels in their native membrane. Recombinant DNA techniques are being used to determine the primary structure of ion channel proteins and to test hypotheses about channel conformations, sites of grating and modulation, and the basis of ion selectivity. At the same time, biochemical techniques have revealed intricate signalling systems in side cells, involving second messengers such as calcium, phospholipids and cyclic nucleotides, which interface with the external milieu through GTP binding proteins and regulate cell metabolism by altering protein phos phorylation. This panorama of second messenger systems has greatly increas ed our application for their potential role in regulating ion channel function. We now recognize that ion channels are much more complicated than we once thought, and more interesting. They are not simply isolated macro molecules in the membrane, gated directly by depolarization or trans mitter binding to open briefly at a fixed conductance and then close or inactivate. Instead, individual channels now appear to have many open and closed states that are regulated independently by voltage and transmitters.
Principles Of Physiological Measurement
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Author : James Cameron
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Principles Of Physiological Measurement written by James Cameron and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
Principles of Physiological Measurement examines the basic principles underlying the techniques and instruments used in making measurements, including tracer methods and compartmental analysis. It describes measurements of oxygen, carbon dioxide, pH, ammonia, and miscellaneous gases such as hydrogen and nitrogen. The book also describes the general concepts of electrical transduction, amplification, and recording. Organized into 15 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of some fundamental concepts of measurement, including basic gas and solution concepts, electronics relevant to measurement methods, and error in designing experiments. Some chapters are dedicated to the measurement of oxygen in gases and in aqueous solutions, partial pressure measurement of carbon dioxide in liquids, measurement of intracellular pH, and measurement of ammonia in gases and in solutions. Other chapters discuss the blood gas measurement, problems of controlling the gaseous environment, and basic principles of flow, velocity, force, displacement, and pressure, along with common methods for their measurement. The final chapters deal with ions and solutions, radioisotope concepts and techniques, and tracer kinetics. This book will be of interest to natural scientists and students in physiology courses.