Irony And Politeness Softening Or Enhancing Face Threats
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Irony And Politeness Softening Or Enhancing Face Threats
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Author : Yvonne Miller
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2009-03-27
Irony And Politeness Softening Or Enhancing Face Threats written by Yvonne Miller and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-27 with Literary Collections categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Other, grade: 5.5, University of Zurich (English Seminar), course: Seminar zu Politeness, language: English, abstract: Irony in politeness theories was at first considered as a tool to save the face of the addressee, but later research challenged this view as will be shown in this paper. The use of irony can easily become a tightrope walk for the speaker between being friendly and funny or being rude and offending. Irony can also be challenging for the addressee, if a situation is ambiguous and if he or she therefore must find out how a remark is meant to be understood. Since irony is an indirect way of saying what one is thinking it often leads to misunderstandings or awkward situations. However, irony might also be used very well directed and purposeful. For instance, irony is often used when criticizing someone and can in this case fulfill either the function of enhancing or reducing the criticism. Some researchers, however, disagree about the function of irony in this context. Is irony now a face-saving tool or does it help to attack face? What are the determining factors to decide this, if at all such factors can be found? How do different researchers understand the function of irony in politeness theories, and can some similarities between the different approaches be found? These are questions that shall be answered in this paper. The politeness theories of Brown and Levinson (1987) and Leech (1991) will provide a basis for these considerations and will be complemented by newer surveys. In spite of the different statements made by various researchers in their theories and surveys, irony seems to not only have a face-saving function. When sarcasm is understood as a subordinate form of irony then irony can be used very well to also attack face.
Leadership And Collaboration In Workplace Discourse
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Author : Małgorzata Chałupnik
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Leadership And Collaboration In Workplace Discourse written by Małgorzata Chałupnik and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Politeness
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Author : Richard J. Watts
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-09-25
Politeness written by Richard J. Watts and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
During the last fifteen years, existing models of linguistic politeness have generated a huge amount of empirical research. Using a wide range of data from real-life speech situations, this new introduction to politeness breaks away from the limitations of current models and argues that the proper object of study in politeness theory must be commonsense notions of what politeness and impoliteness are. From this, Watts argues, a more appropriate model, one based on Bourdieu's concept of social practice, is developed.
Politeness
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Author : Penelope Brown
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1987-02-27
Politeness written by Penelope Brown and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-02-27 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book studies the principles for constructing polite speeches, based on the detailed study of three unrelated languages and cultures.
Translating Humour
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Author : Jeroen Vandaele
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-08
Translating Humour written by Jeroen Vandaele and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-08 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
It is all too often assumed that humour is the very effect of a text. But humour is not a perlocutionary effect in its own right, nor is laughter. The humour of a text may be as general a characteristic as a serious text's seriousness. Like serious texts, humorous texts have many different purposes and effects. They can be subdivided into specific subgenres, with their own perlocutionary effects, their own types of laughter (or even other reactions). Translation scholars need to be able to distinguish between various kinds of humour (or humorous effect) when comparing source and target texts, especially since the notion of "effect" pops up so frequently in the evaluation of humorous texts and their translations. In this special issue of The Translator, an attempt is made to delineate types of humorous effect, through careful linguistic and cultural analyses of specific examples and/or the introduction of new analytical tools. For a translator, who is both a receiver of the source text and sender of the target text, such analyses and tools may prove useful in grasping and pinning down the perlocutionary effect of a source text and devising strategies for producing comparable effects in the target text. For a translation scholar, who is a receiver of both source and target texts, the contributions in this issue will hopefully provide an analytical framework for the comparison of source and target perlocutionary effects.
Politeness Moves And Audience Response
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Author : Yuan Xiaohui
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date :
Politeness Moves And Audience Response written by Yuan Xiaohui and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Verbal Irony Theories And Automatic Detection
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Author : Michael Fell
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2012-01-02
Verbal Irony Theories And Automatic Detection written by Michael Fell and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-02 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: 1,0, Saarland University (Computerlinguistik), course: Computational Approaches to Creative Language, language: English, abstract: Human communication often involves the use of irony. In many cases, it is far from obvious if an utterance is meant ironical or not. Context and world knowledge are needed to discriminate literal from ironic intent. Linguists have worked on describing the nature of irony and come up with ideas which reflect the intuitive understanding of irony. Parallely, computational linguists are confronted with the challenge of automatically detecting irony. When an utterance contains irony, the only chance of getting the intent, is understanding and interpreting the irony in it. I review different theories of irony in chapter 2. Chapter 3 describes the state-of-the-art of automatic irony detection, covers the importance of corpus study for future research and proposes a fusion between theory, corpus study and automatic detection.
The Routledge Pragmatics Encyclopedia
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Author : Louise Cummings
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-04-05
The Routledge Pragmatics Encyclopedia written by Louise Cummings and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-05 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
First Published in 2009. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Positioning In Media Dialogue
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Author : Elda Weizman
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2008
Positioning In Media Dialogue written by Elda Weizman and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book proposes a socio-pragmatic exploration of the discursive practices used to construe and dynamically negotiate positions in news interviews. It starts with a discursive interpretation of 'positioning', 'role' and 'challenge', puts forward the relevance of a distinction between social and interactional roles, demonstrates how challenges bring to the fore the relevant roles and role-components of the participants, and shows that in news interviews speakers constantly position and re-position themselves and each other through discourse.The discussion draws on an empirical fine-grained analysis of a 24-hour corpus of news interviews on Israeli television and a corpus of media references. The author postulates a discrepancy between interlocutors' normative expectations, which presuppose an asymmetrical division of labor, on the one hand, and real-life practice, which exhibits partial symmetry in speakers' selection of discourse patterns as well as reciprocity in the use of challenge strategies, on the other. Special attention is given to irony and terms of address, which are shown to act as the center-points of satellite challenge strategies, geared as an ensemble toward the co-construction of reciprocal positioning. The analysis of three case studies further sheds light on the negotiations of intertwined positionings in context.
Politeness In Shakespeare
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Author : Abdelaziz Bouchara
language : en
Publisher: Diplomica Verlag
Release Date : 2009-08
Politeness In Shakespeare written by Abdelaziz Bouchara and has been published by Diplomica Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Penelope Brown and Stephen Levinson have proposed that power (P), distance (D), and the ranked extremity (R) of a face-threatening act are the universal determinants of politeness levels in dyadic discourse. This claim is tested here for Shakespeare's use of Early Modern English in Much Ado about Nothing, Measure for Measure, The Taming of the Shrew, and Twelfth Night. The comedies are used because: (1) dramatic texts provide the best information on colloquial speech of the period; (2) the psychological soliloquies in the comedies provide the access to inner life that is necessary for a proper test of politeness theory; and (3) the comedies represent the full range of society in a period of high relevance to politeness theory. The four plays are systematically searched for pairs of minimally contrasting dyads where the dimensions of contrast are power (P), distance (D), and intrinsic extremity (R). Whenever such a pair is found, there are two speeches to be scored for politeness and a prediction from theory as to which should be more polite. The results for P and for R are those predicted by theory, but the results for D are not. The two components of D, interactive closeness and affect, are not closely associated in the plays. Affect strongly influences politeness (increased liking increases politeness and decreased liking decreases politeness); interactive closeness has little or no effect on politeness. The uses of politeness for the delineation of character in the comedies are illustrated.