Irrationality Transcendence And The Circle Squaring Problem
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Irrationality Transcendence And The Circle Squaring Problem
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Author : Eduardo Dorrego López
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-05-02
Irrationality Transcendence And The Circle Squaring Problem written by Eduardo Dorrego López and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-05-02 with Mathematics categories.
This publication, now in its second edition, includes an unabridged and annotated translation of two works by Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728–1777) written in the 1760s: Vorläufige Kenntnisse für die, so die Quadratur und Rectification des Circuls suchen and Mémoire sur quelques propriétés remarquables des quantités transcendentes circulaires et logarithmiques. The translations, as in the first edition, are accompanied by a contextualised study of each of these works and provide an overview of Lambert’s contributions, showing both the background and the influence of his work. In addition, by adopting a biographical approach, it allows readers to better get to know the scientist himself. Lambert was a highly relevant scientist and polymath in his time, admired by the likes of Kant, who despite having made a wide variety of contributions to different branches of knowledge, later faded into an undeserved secondary place with respect to other scientists of the eighteenth century. In mathematics, in particular, he is famous for his research on non-Euclidean geometries, although he is likely best known for having been the first who proved the irrationality of pi. In his Mémoire, he conducted one of the first studies on hyperbolic functions, offered a surprisingly rigorous proof of the irrationality of pi, established for the first time the modern distinction between algebraic and transcendental numbers, and based on such distinction, he conjectured the transcendence of pi and therefore the impossibility of squaring the circle.
Irrationality Transcendence And The Circle Squaring Problem
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Author : Eduardo Dorrego López
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Irrationality Transcendence And The Circle Squaring Problem written by Eduardo Dorrego López and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
This publication includes an unabridged and annotated translation of two works by Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728-1777) written in the 1760s: Vorläufige Kenntnisse für die, so die Quadratur und Rectification des Circuls suchen and Mémoire sur quelques propriétés remarquables des quantités transcendentes circulaires et logarithmiques. The translations are accompanied by a contextualised study of each of these works and provide an overview of Lambert's contributions, showing both the background and the influence of his work. In addition, by adopting a biographical approach, it allows readers to better get to know the scientist himself. Lambert was a highly relevant scientist and polymath in his time, admired by the likes of Kant, who despite having made a wide variety of contributions to different branches of knowledge, later faded into an undeserved secondary place with respect to other scientists of the eighteenth century. In mathematics, in particular, he is famous for his research on non-Euclidean geometries, although he is likely best known for having been the first who proved the irrationality of pi. In his Mémoire, he conducted one of the first studies on hyperbolic functions, offered a surprisingly rigorous proof of the irrationality of pi, established for the first time the modern distinction between algebraic and transcendental numbers, and based on such distinction, he conjectured the transcendence of pi and therefore the impossibility of squaring the circle.
Irrationality Transcendence And The Circle Squaring Problem
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Author : Eduardo Dorrego López
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-03-07
Irrationality Transcendence And The Circle Squaring Problem written by Eduardo Dorrego López and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-07 with Mathematics categories.
This publication includes an unabridged and annotated translation of two works by Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728–1777) written in the 1760s: Vorläufige Kenntnisse für die, so die Quadratur und Rectification des Circuls suchen and Mémoire sur quelques propriétés remarquables des quantités transcendentes circulaires et logarithmiques. The translations are accompanied by a contextualised study of each of these works and provide an overview of Lambert’s contributions, showing both the background and the influence of his work. In addition, by adopting a biographical approach, it allows readers to better get to know the scientist himself. Lambert was a highly relevant scientist and polymath in his time, admired by the likes of Kant, who despite having made a wide variety of contributions to different branches of knowledge, later faded into an undeserved secondary place with respect to other scientists of the eighteenth century. In mathematics, in particular, he is famous for his research on non-Euclidean geometries, although he is likely best known for having been the first who proved the irrationality of pi. In his Mémoire, he conducted one of the first studies on hyperbolic functions, offered a surprisingly rigorous proof of the irrationality of pi, established for the first time the modern distinction between algebraic and transcendental numbers, and based on such distinction, he conjectured the transcendence of pi and therefore the impossibility of squaring the circle.
Irrationality And Transcendence In Number Theory
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Author : David Angell
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-12-30
Irrationality And Transcendence In Number Theory written by David Angell and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-30 with Mathematics categories.
Irrationality and Transcendence in Number Theory tells the story of irrational numbers from their discovery in the days of Pythagoras to the ideas behind the work of Baker and Mahler on transcendence in the 20th century. It focuses on themes of irrationality, algebraic and transcendental numbers, continued fractions, approximation of real numbers by rationals, and relations between automata and transcendence. This book serves as a guide and introduction to number theory for advanced undergraduates and early postgraduates. Readers are led through the developments in number theory from ancient to modern times. The book includes a wide range of exercises, from routine problems to surprising and thought-provoking extension material. Features Uses techniques from widely diverse areas of mathematics, including number theory, calculus, set theory, complex analysis, linear algebra, and the theory of computation Suitable as a primary textbook for advanced undergraduate courses in number theory, or as supplementary reading for interested postgraduates Each chapter concludes with an appendix setting out the basic facts needed from each topic, so that the book is accessible to readers without any specific specialist background
Irrational Numbers
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Author : Ivan Niven
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005-08-18
Irrational Numbers written by Ivan Niven and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08-18 with Mathematics categories.
In this monograph, Ivan Niven provides a masterful exposition of some central results on irrational, transcendental, and normal numbers. He gives a complete treatment by elementary methods of the irrationality of the exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions with rational arguments. The approximation of irrational numbers by rationals, up to such results as the best possible approximation of Hurwitz, is also given with elementary technique. The last third of the monograph treats normal and transcendental numbers, including the Lindemann theorem, and the Gelfond-Schneider theorem. The book is wholly self-contained. The results needed from analysis and algebra are central. Well-known theorems, and complete references to standard works are given to help the beginner. The chapters are for the most part independent. There are notes at the end of each chapter citing the main sources used by the author and suggesting further reading.
The Honors Class
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Author : Ben Yandell
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2001-12-12
The Honors Class written by Ben Yandell and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-12-12 with Mathematics categories.
This eminently readable book focuses on the people of mathematics and draws the reader into their fascinating world. In a monumental address, given to the International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris in 1900, David Hilbert, perhaps the most respected mathematician of his time, developed a blueprint for mathematical research in the new century.
Shift
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Author : Penny Guisinger
language : en
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
Release Date : 2024-03
Shift written by Penny Guisinger and has been published by U of Nebraska Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
Penny Guisinger was not always attracted to women. In Shift she recounts formative relationships with women and men, including the marriage that produced her two children and ultimately ended in part due to her affair with her now-wife. Beginning her story as straight and ending as queer, she struggles to make sense of how her identity changed so profoundly while leaving her feeling like the same person she’s always been. While covering pivotal periods of her life, including previous relationships and raising her children across the chasm of divorce, Guisinger reaches for quantum physics, music theory, planetary harmonics, palmistry, and more to interrogate her experiences. This personal story plays out against the backdrop of the national debate on same-sex marriage, in rural, easternmost Maine, where Guisinger watched her neighbors vote against the validity of her family. Shift examines sexual and romantic fluidity while wrestling with the ways past and present mingle rather than staying in linear narratives. Under scrutiny, Guisinger’s sense of her own identity becomes like a Mobius strip or Penrose triangle—an optical illusion that challenges the dimensions and possibilities of the world.
Pi The Next Generation
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Author : David H. Bailey
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-07-19
Pi The Next Generation written by David H. Bailey and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-19 with Mathematics categories.
This book contains a compendium of 25 papers published since the 1970s dealing with pi and associated topics of mathematics and computer science. The collection begins with a Foreword by Bruce Berndt. Each contribution is preceded by a brief summary of its content as well as a short key word list indicating how the content relates to others in the collection. The volume includes articles on actual computations of pi, articles on mathematical questions related to pi (e.g., “Is pi normal?”), articles presenting new and often amazing techniques for computing digits of pi (e.g., the “BBP” algorithm for pi, which permits one to compute an arbitrary binary digit of pi without needing to compute any of the digits that came before), papers presenting important fundamental mathematical results relating to pi, and papers presenting new, high-tech techniques for analyzing pi (i.e., new graphical techniques that permit one to visually see if pi and other numbers are “normal”). This volume is a companion to Pi: A Source Book whose third edition released in 2004. The present collection begins with 2 papers from 1976, published by Eugene Salamin and Richard Brent, which describe “quadratically convergent” algorithms for pi and other basic mathematical functions, derived from some mathematical work of Gauss. Bailey and Borwein hold that these two papers constitute the beginning of the modern era of computational mathematics. This time period (1970s) also corresponds with the introduction of high-performance computer systems (supercomputers), which since that time have increased relentlessly in power, by approximately a factor of 100,000,000, advancing roughly at the same rate as Moore’s Law of semiconductor technology. This book may be of interest to a wide range of mathematical readers; some articles cover more advanced research questions suitable for active researchers in the field, but several are highly accessible to undergraduate mathematics students.
Abstract Algebra And Famous Impossibilities
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Author : Sidney A. Morris
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-11-26
Abstract Algebra And Famous Impossibilities written by Sidney A. Morris and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-26 with Mathematics categories.
This textbook develops the abstract algebra necessary to prove the impossibility of four famous mathematical feats: squaring the circle, trisecting the angle, doubling the cube, and solving quintic equations. All the relevant concepts about fields are introduced concretely, with the geometrical questions providing motivation for the algebraic concepts. By focusing on problems that are as easy to approach as they were fiendishly difficult to resolve, the authors provide a uniquely accessible introduction to the power of abstraction. Beginning with a brief account of the history of these fabled problems, the book goes on to present the theory of fields, polynomials, field extensions, and irreducible polynomials. Straightedge and compass constructions establish the standards for constructability, and offer a glimpse into why squaring, doubling, and trisecting appeared so tractable to professional and amateur mathematicians alike. However, the connection between geometry and algebra allows the reader to bypass two millennia of failed geometric attempts, arriving at the elegant algebraic conclusion that such constructions are impossible. From here, focus turns to a challenging problem within algebra itself: finding a general formula for solving a quintic polynomial. The proof of the impossibility of this task is presented using Abel’s original approach. Abstract Algebra and Famous Impossibilities illustrates the enormous power of algebraic abstraction by exploring several notable historical triumphs. This new edition adds the fourth impossibility: solving general quintic equations. Students and instructors alike will appreciate the illuminating examples, conversational commentary, and engaging exercises that accompany each section. A first course in linear algebra is assumed, along with a basic familiarity with integral calculus.
Invitation To Classical Analysis
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Author : Peter L. Duren
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 2012
Invitation To Classical Analysis written by Peter L. Duren and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Mathematics categories.
This book gives a rigorous treatment of selected topics in classical analysis, with many applications and examples. The exposition is at the undergraduate level, building on basic principles of advanced calculus without appeal to more sophisticated techniques of complex analysis and Lebesgue integration. Among the topics covered are Fourier series and integrals, approximation theory, Stirling's formula, the gamma function, Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, the Riemann zeta function, Tauberian theorems, elliptic integrals, ramifications of the Cantor set, and a theoretical discussion of differential equations including power series solutions at regular singular points, Bessel functions, hypergeometric functions, and Sturm comparison theory. Preliminary chapters offer rapid reviews of basic principles and further background material such as infinite products and commonly applied inequalities. This book is designed for individual study but can also serve as a text for second-semester courses in advanced calculus. Each chapter concludes with an abundance of exercises. Historical notes discuss the evolution of mathematical ideas and their relevance to physical applications. Special features are capsule scientific biographies of the major players and a gallery of portraits. Although this book is designed for undergraduate students, others may find it an accessible source of information on classical topics that underlie modern developments in pure and applied mathematics.