John Von Neumann And The Origins Of Modern Computing
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John Von Neumann And The Origins Of Modern Computing
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Author : William Aspray
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1990-12-07
John Von Neumann And The Origins Of Modern Computing written by William Aspray and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-12-07 with Computers categories.
William Aspray provides the first broad and detailed account of von Neumann's many different contributions to computing. John von Neumann (1903-1957) was unquestionably one of the most brilliant scientists of the twentieth century. He made major contributions to quantum mechanics and mathematical physics and in 1943 began a new and all-too-short career in computer science. William Aspray provides the first broad and detailed account of von Neumann's many different contributions to computing. These, Aspray reveals, extended far beyond his well-known work in the design and construction of computer systems to include important scientific applications, the revival of numerical analysis, and the creation of a theory of computing.Aspray points out that from the beginning von Neumann took a wider and more theoretical view than other computer pioneers. In the now famous EDVAC report of 1945, von Neumann clearly stated the idea of a stored program that resides in the computer's memory along with the data it was to operate on. This stored program computer was described in terms of idealized neurons, highlighting the analogy between the digital computer and the human brain. Aspray describes von Neumann's development during the next decade, and almost entirely alone, of a theory of complicated information processing systems, or automata, and the introduction of themes such as learning, reliability of systems with unreliable components, self-replication, and the importance of memory and storage capacity in biological nervous systems; many of these themes remain at the heart of current investigations in parallel or neurocomputing.Aspray allows the record to speak for itself. He unravels an intricate sequence of stories generated by von Neumann's work and brings into focus the interplay of personalities centered about von Neumann. He documents the complex interactions of science, the military, and business and shows how progress in applied mathematics was intertwined with that in computers. William Aspray is Director of the Center for the History of Electrical Engineering at The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
A History Of Modern Computing Second Edition
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Author : Paul E. Ceruzzi
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2003-04-08
A History Of Modern Computing Second Edition written by Paul E. Ceruzzi and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-04-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
From the first digital computer to the dot-com crash—a story of individuals, institutions, and the forces that led to a series of dramatic transformations. This engaging history covers modern computing from the development of the first electronic digital computer through the dot-com crash. The author concentrates on five key moments of transition: the transformation of the computer in the late 1940s from a specialized scientific instrument to a commercial product; the emergence of small systems in the late 1960s; the beginning of personal computing in the 1970s; the spread of networking after 1985; and, in a chapter written for this edition, the period 1995-2001. The new material focuses on the Microsoft antitrust suit, the rise and fall of the dot-coms, and the advent of open source software, particularly Linux. Within the chronological narrative, the book traces several overlapping threads: the evolution of the computer's internal design; the effect of economic trends and the Cold War; the long-term role of IBM as a player and as a target for upstart entrepreneurs; the growth of software from a hidden element to a major character in the story of computing; and the recurring issue of the place of information and computing in a democratic society. The focus is on the United States (though Europe and Japan enter the story at crucial points), on computing per se rather than on applications such as artificial intelligence, and on systems that were sold commercially and installed in quantities.
Turing S Cathedral
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Author : George Dyson
language : en
Publisher: Vintage
Release Date : 2012-12-11
Turing S Cathedral written by George Dyson and has been published by Vintage this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-11 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
A Wall Street Journal Best Business Book of 2012 A Kirkus Reviews Best Book of 2012 In this revealing account of how the digital universe exploded in the aftermath of World War II, George Dyson illuminates the nature of digital computers, the lives of those who brought them into existence, and how code took over the world. In the 1940s and ‘50s, a small group of men and women—led by John von Neumann—gathered in Princeton, New Jersey, to begin building one of the first computers to realize Alan Turing’s vision of a Universal Machine. The codes unleashed within this embryonic, 5-kilobyte universe—less memory than is allocated to displaying a single icon on a computer screen today—broke the distinction between numbers that mean things and numbers that do things, and our universe would never be the same. Turing’s Cathedral is the story of how the most constructive and most destructive of twentieth-century inventions—the digital computer and the hydrogen bomb—emerged at the same time.
The Computer From Pascal To Von Neumann
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Author : Herman H. Goldstine
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2008-09-02
The Computer From Pascal To Von Neumann written by Herman H. Goldstine and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-02 with Science categories.
In 1942, Lt. Herman H. Goldstine, a former mathematics professor, was stationed at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. It was there that he assisted in the creation of the ENIAC, the first electronic digital computer. The ENIAC was operational in 1945, but plans for a new computer were already underway. The principal source of ideas for the new computer was John von Neumann, who became Goldstine's chief collaborator. Together they developed EDVAC, successor to ENIAC. After World War II, at the Institute for Advanced Study, they built what was to become the prototype of the present-day computer. Herman Goldstine writes as both historian and scientist in this first examination of the development of computing machinery, from the seventeenth century through the early 1950s. His personal involvement lends a special authenticity to his narrative, as he sprinkles anecdotes and stories liberally through his text.
Papers Of John Von Neumann On Computing And Computer Theory
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Author : John Von Neumann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Papers Of John Von Neumann On Computing And Computer Theory written by John Von Neumann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Electronic digital computers categories.
A New History Of Modern Computing
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Author : Thomas Haigh
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2021-09-14
A New History Of Modern Computing written by Thomas Haigh and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
How the computer became universal. Over the past fifty years, the computer has been transformed from a hulking scientific supertool and data processing workhorse, remote from the experiences of ordinary people, to a diverse family of devices that billions rely on to play games, shop, stream music and movies, communicate, and count their steps. In A New History of Modern Computing, Thomas Haigh and Paul Ceruzzi trace these changes. A comprehensive reimagining of Ceruzzi's A History of Modern Computing, this new volume uses each chapter to recount one such transformation, describing how a particular community of users and producers remade the computer into something new. Haigh and Ceruzzi ground their accounts of these computing revolutions in the longer and deeper history of computing technology. They begin with the story of the 1945 ENIAC computer, which introduced the vocabulary of "programs" and "programming," and proceed through email, pocket calculators, personal computers, the World Wide Web, videogames, smart phones, and our current world of computers everywhere--in phones, cars, appliances, watches, and more. Finally, they consider the Tesla Model S as an object that simultaneously embodies many strands of computing.
Network Practices
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Author : Anthony Burke
language : en
Publisher: Chronicle Books
Release Date : 2012-03-20
Network Practices written by Anthony Burke and has been published by Chronicle Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-20 with Architecture categories.
The twin revolutions of the global economy and omnipresent Internet connectivity have had a profound impact on architectural design. Geographical gaps and, in many cases, architecture's tie to the built world itself have evaporated in the face of our new networked society. Form is now conceptualized by architects, engineers, and artists as reflexive, contingent, and distributed. The collected essays in Network Practices capture this unique moment in the evolution of design, where crossing disciplines, spatial interactions, and design practices are all poised to be reimagined. With contributions by architects, artists, computer programmers, and theorists and texts by Reinhold Martin, Dagmar Richter, Michael Speaks, and others, Network Practices offers an interdisciplinary analysis of how art, science, and architecture are responding to rapidly changing mobile, wireless, and information embedded environments
Mastering The History Of Pure And Applied Mathematics
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Author : Toke Knudsen
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2024-06-04
Mastering The History Of Pure And Applied Mathematics written by Toke Knudsen and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-06-04 with History categories.
The present collection of essays are published in honor of the distinguished historian of mathematics Professor Emeritus Jesper Lützen. In a career that spans more than four decades, Professor Lützen's scholarly contributions have enhanced our understanding of the history, development, and organization of mathematics. The essays cover a broad range of areas connected to Professor Lützen's work. In addition to this noteworthy scholarship, Professor Lützen has always been an exemplary colleague, providing support to peers as well as new faculty and graduate students. We dedicate this Festschrift to Professor Lützen—as a scholarly role model, mentor, colleague, and friend.
Eniac In Action
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Author : Thomas Haigh
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2016-06-24
Eniac In Action written by Thomas Haigh and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-24 with Computers categories.
The history of the first programmable electronic computer, from its conception, construction, and use to its afterlife as a part of computing folklore. Conceived in 1943, completed in 1945, and decommissioned in 1955, ENIAC (the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first general-purpose programmable electronic computer. But ENIAC was more than just a milestone on the road to the modern computer. During its decade of operational life, ENIAC calculated sines and cosines and tested for statistical outliers, plotted the trajectories of bombs and shells, and ran the first numerical weather simulations. ENIAC in Action tells the whole story for the first time, from ENIAC's design, construction, testing, and use to its afterlife as part of computing folklore. It highlights the complex relationship of ENIAC and its designers to the revolutionary approaches to computer architecture and coding first documented by John von Neumann in 1945. Within this broad sweep, the authors emphasize the crucial but previously neglected years of 1947 to 1948, when ENIAC was reconfigured to run what the authors claim was the first modern computer program to be executed: a simulation of atomic fission for Los Alamos researchers. The authors view ENIAC from diverse perspectives—as a machine of war, as the “first computer,” as a material artifact constantly remade by its users, and as a subject of (contradictory) historical narratives. They integrate the history of the machine and its applications, describing the mathematicians, scientists, and engineers who proposed and designed ENIAC as well as the men—and particularly the women who—built, programmed, and operated it.
Harmonies Of Disorder
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Author : Leone Montagnini
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-08-19
Harmonies Of Disorder written by Leone Montagnini and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-19 with Mathematics categories.
This book presents the entire body of thought of Norbert Wiener (1894–1964), knowledge of which is essential if one wishes to understand and correctly interpret the age in which we live. The focus is in particular on the philosophical and sociological aspects of Wiener’s thought, but these aspects are carefully framed within the context of his scientific journey. Important biographical events, including some that were previously unknown, are also highlighted, but while the book has a biographical structure, it is not only a biography. The book is divided into four chronological sections, the first two of which explore Wiener’s development as a philosopher and logician and his brilliant interwar career as a mathematician, supported by his philosophical background. The third section considers his research during World War II, which drew upon his previous scientific work and reflections and led to the birth of cybernetics. Finally, the radical post-war shift in Wiener’s intellectual path is considered, examining how he came to abandon computer science projects and commenced ceaseless public reflections on the new sciences and technologies of information, their social effects, and the need for responsibility in science.