Kant In 60 Minutes
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Kant In 60 Minutes
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Author : Walther Ziegler
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2016-07-08
Kant In 60 Minutes written by Walther Ziegler and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-08 with Philosophy categories.
Immanuel Kant is thought to be perhaps the greatest of all philosophers. And Kant did make, in the 18th Century, two great discoveries which engage us still today. Firstly, he founded the globally acknowledged ‘categorical imperative’ in moral philosophy; secondly, he became the first philosopher to succeed in answering that question as old as humanity of how knowledge arises in our brains. In his main work, the 1000-page Critique of Pure Reason, Kant analysed the working of Man’s thinking apparatus. He posed the critical question: what can a human being know with certainty and what can he not? Working through this titanic question like a man possessed, he finally, after 11 years, produced his equally titanic answer. Our reason, he said, can provide true and certain knowledge only of that which we have already perceived through our five senses (i.e. seen, heard, smelt, tasted, or touched). For this reason one cannot prove the existence of God, say, or really have “knowledge” of Him, because He is bodiless and imperceptible. Kant thus gave researchers, for the first time, a set of logical tools which was sensationally simple and yet quite perfect, and that still remains valid today and makes all scientific results achieved worldwide mutually comparable. Every theory, however good, had thenceforth to be proven in terms of actual sense-perceptions, for example through repeatable experiments. In his second main work, the Critique of Practical Reason, he tackled the equally ambitious question: ‘what is the right way for a human being to act?’ Is there a single valid standard for morally right action? Here too Kant provided a spectacular solution that is still passionately debated, globally, today. The book Kant in 60 Minutes explains both these major works of Kant’s in a lively way, using over 80 key passages from the works themselves and many examples. The final chapter on “what use Kant’s discovery is for us today” shows the enormous importance of his ideas for our personal lives and our society. The book forms part of the popular series Great Thinkers in 60 Minutes.
Great Thinkers In 60 Minutes Volume 1
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Author : Walther Ziegler
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2017-03-09
Great Thinkers In 60 Minutes Volume 1 written by Walther Ziegler and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-09 with Philosophy categories.
"Great Thinkers in 60 Minutes Volume 1" comprises the five books, already published as separate volumes, "Plato in 60 Minutes", "Rousseau in 60 Minutes", "Smith in 60 Minutes", "Kant in 60 Minutes", and "Hegel in 60 Minutes". Each short study sums up the key idea at the heart of each respective thinker and asks the question: "Of what use is this key idea to us today?" But above all the philosophers get to speak for themselves. Their most important statements are prominently presented, as direct quotations, in speech balloons with appropriate graphics, with exact indication of the source of each quote in the author's works. This light-hearted but nonetheless scholarly precise rendering of the ideas of each thinker makes it easy for the reader to acquaint him- or herself with the great questions of our lives. Because every philosopher who has achieved global fame has posed the "question of meaning": what is it that holds, at the most essential level, the world together? There have emerged here a range of very different answers. In Plato, for example, the "Idea of the Good" is that to which we need to open our souls; in Rousseau, it is rather only in our own original nature that we need to trust; in Adam Smith, it is in self-interest, which spurs on each individual and is finally transformed, by an "invisible hand", into the common good; in Kant it is the application of Reason which frees us and makes us capable of extraordinary moral actions; and in Hegel, finally, everything is held together by the dialectical self-development of the World-Spirit, which drives onward from epoch to epoch through the deeds of individuals and of nations until it has finally reached its great goal. In other words, the meaning of the world and thus of our own lives remains, among philosophers, a topic of great controversy. One thing, though, is sure: each of these five thinkers struck, from his own perspective, one brilliant spark out of that complex crystal that is the truth.
Kant En 60 Minutes
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Author : Walther Ziegler
language : fr
Publisher: BoD - Books on Demand
Release Date : 2019-01-22
Kant En 60 Minutes written by Walther Ziegler and has been published by BoD - Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-22 with Philosophy categories.
Immanuel Kant est considéré comme le plus grand philosophe de tous les temps. En effet, il fit deux découvertes majeures au 18e siècle qui nous tiennent encore en haleine aujourd'hui. D'une part, il développa « l'impératif catégorique », valable universellement ; d'autre part, il fut le premier philosophe qui parvint à répondre à l'une des plus anciennes questions de l'humanité : comment la connaissance naît-elle dans notre cerveau ? Dans son oeuvre principale, la « Critique de la raison pure », il examine sur plus de mille pages le fonctionnement de la pensée humaine. Il y pose la question critique de savoir ce que l'homme est capable de connaître avec certitude. Notre raison, selon Kant, ne peut connaître avec certitude que ce qu'elle a déjà vu, entendu, senti, goûté ou touché avec nos cinq sens. C'est pourquoi nous ne pouvons ni connaître Dieu ni prouver son existence, car il n'a ni corps ni intuition. Kant offre ainsi aux scientifiques un dispositif simple et parfait, qui reste valable à ce jour et qui rend comparables tous les résultats. Selon Kant, toute théorie, aussi bonne soit-elle, doit toujours être prouvable par des intuitions, par exemple par des expériences reproduisibles. Dans sa deuxième oeuvre principale, la « Critique de la raison pratique », il tente de répondre une fois pour toutes à la question de savoir comment les hommes doivent agir. Existe-t-il un critère pour l'acte éthique ? Là aussi, il apporte une réponse spectaculaire qui attire l'attention jusqu'aujourd'hui. Le livre « Kant en 60 minutes » offre un éclairage sur les deux oeuvres principales de Kant, de manière vivante et en s'appuyant sur plus de quatre-vingts citations et exemples importants. Le chapitre « À quoi nous sert la découverte de Kant aujourd'hui ? » démontre son immense importance pour notre vie personnelle et notre société. Le livre est paru dans la collection à succès « Grands penseurs en 60 minutes ».
Kant In 90 Minutes
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Author : Paul Strathern
language : en
Publisher: Ivan R. Dee
Release Date : 1996-09-01
Kant In 90 Minutes written by Paul Strathern and has been published by Ivan R. Dee this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-09-01 with Philosophy categories.
“Each of these little books is witty and dramatic and creates a sense of time, place, and character....I cannot think of a better way to introduce oneself and one’s friends to Western civilization.”—Katherine A. Powers, Boston Globe. “Well-written, clear and informed, they have a breezy wit about them....I find them hard to stop reading.”—Richard Bernstein, New York Times. “Witty, illuminating, and blessedly concise.”—Jim Holt, Wall Street Journal. These brief and enlightening explorations of our greatest thinkers bring their ideas to life in entertaining and accessible fashion. Philosophical thought is deciphered and made comprehensive and interesting to almost everyone. Far from being a novelty, each book is a highly refined appraisal of the philosopher and his work, authoritative and clearly presented.
Camus In 60 Minutes
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Author : Walther Ziegler
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2016-07-08
Camus In 60 Minutes written by Walther Ziegler and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-08 with Philosophy categories.
Albert Camus was a legend in his own lifetime, as a successful author, a philosopher and a “ladies’ man”. His philosophical discoveries remain provocative even today. Because, like all great philosophers, Camus posed the question of the meaning of life. But his answer to this question was an answer of an entirely new kind. This question as to the meaning of life has been answered, of course, very differently down the centuries. For Plato it is ‘the Good’ that holds the world together; for Hegel the ‘World-Spirit’; for Marx the relations of production; for Sartre freedom; for Nietzsche ‘will to power’; and for Habermas the development of communicative reason. Really, each philosopher has his own answer to this question. But Camus is the exception here. He has none. Or rather, worse: he has an answer, but one of very sobering effect. His answer to the question ‘what is the meaning of life?’ is simply ‘It has no meaning. Life is absurd’. We plan ahead and make decisions, but in the last analysis our whole life depends on a series of chance events over which we have no control. Nor is there really a goal. Nevertheless, it is our task to live proudly and undauntedly on. Camus compares the life of Man with the myth of Sisyphus. The mythical Sisyphus strained tirelessly to push a boulder up a mountainside, even though it always rolled back down before he reached the top. But precisely in this apparently senseless and absurd activity lay, argued Camus, a chance for a fulfilled life. Camus explains to us how we can live with absurdity. We must, he says, imagine Sisyphus happy. The book Camus in 60 Minutes explains, using selected quotations and examples, this theory of “the absurd” as it is developed by Camus in his main philosophical works The Myth of Sisyphus and The Rebel. The chapter on “what use Camus’ discovery is for us today” describes the “absurd style of life” that Camus recommends. Camus’ colourful examples of “absurd life-projects”, and his descriptions of how one best confronts “the absurd” itself and leads a life without God or ideological orientation are, above all in our modern societies, of powerful relevance and topicality. The book forms part of the popular series Great Thinkers in 60 Minutes.
Grands Penseurs En 60 Minutes Tome 1
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Author : Walther Ziegler
language : fr
Publisher: BoD - Books on Demand
Release Date : 2019-03-04
Grands Penseurs En 60 Minutes Tome 1 written by Walther Ziegler and has been published by BoD - Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-04 with Philosophy categories.
« Grands penseurs en 60 minutes - Tome 1 » est le premier recueil de la collection à succès éponyme et regroupe les cinq publications suivantes : « Platon en 60 minutes », « Rousseau en 60 minutes », « Smith en 60 minutes », « Kant en 60 minutes » et « Hegel en 60 minutes ». La pensée de ces philosophes y est présentée de manière concise et soumise à la question suivante : « À quoi nous servent ces idées aujourd'hui ? ». Mais avant tout, la parole est donnée aux philosophes eux-mêmes. Ainsi, les thèses principales de chaque penseur sont étayées par 60 à 80 citations mises en valeur sous forme de bulles et dont les références bibliographiques précises sont indiquées. Le parti pris d'une présentation à la fois ludique et rigoureuse d'un point de vue scientifique permet au lecteur de se familiariser avec les grandes questions de notre vie. Car tous les grands philosophes ayant marqué l'histoire de la pensée ont soulevé la question du sens de la vie : Quels sont les principes qui gouvernent notre existence ? Les réponses données sont très différentes : Pour Platon, c'est l'idée du Bien à laquelle doit s'ouvrir notre âme, pour Rousseau, il s'agit de notre nature originelle, laquelle, au demeurant, est seule digne de notre confiance, pour Adam Smith, c'est l'intérêt individuel qui anime tout individu et se transforme finalement en bien commun grâce à la main invisible. Pour Kant, c'est l'usage de notre raison qui nous libère et nous permet de réaliser des actes moraux extraordinaires. Pour Hegel finalement, la cohésion du monde est garantie par le déploiement dialectique de l'esprit du monde qui se manifeste à travers les actes des individus et des nations dans l'histoire jusqu'à réaliser son grand but ultime. Ainsi, la question du sens du monde, et donc du sens de la vie est appréhendée de manière très différente par chaque penseur, mais une chose est sûre : fort de sa perspective respective, chacun des cinq philosophes a fait jaillir une étincelle de vérité.
Rawls In 60 Minutes
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Author : Walther Ziegler
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-02-17
Rawls In 60 Minutes written by Walther Ziegler and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-17 with Philosophy categories.
John Rawls's masterpiece A Theory of Justice was discussed all over the world already during the author's lifetime. Its very title is provocative since it is generally believed that there can be no general theory of justice: what is just for one man is unjust for another. But Rawls succeeds nonetheless in giving a definition of a just society. To do this he develops a brilliant procedure: choice from behind a "veil of ignorance". If we are to choose, absolutely fairly and objectively, how property, income and education are to be justly distributed, then the people choosing must not know in advance whether, in the society they choose, they will be rich or poor, male or female, worker or employer, educated or uneducated, talented or untalented. Because a rich man is likely to find great differences in wealth just, a poor man unjust. Only a "veil of ignorance", says Rawls, "forces each to take the welfare of others into account". Such a choice "behind a veil" could, of course, never actually take place. But if it did, says Rawls, then it would produce the only two perfectly just principles of justice that can be applied to a society: the equality principle and the "difference principle". By these the quality of every modern society can be measured. What do these principles mean in detail? And can the same thought-experiment work in other contexts? If, for example, we did not know whether, in a future society, we would be humans or animals, would we then choose a vegetarian society? Rawls surely sets off, with his Theory of Justice, a whole firework display of ground-breaking new ideas. This introduction to Rawls appears as part of the popular series "Great Thinkers in 60 Minutes".
Great Thinkers In 60 Minutes Volume 5
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Author : Walther Ziegler
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2022-12-21
Great Thinkers In 60 Minutes Volume 5 written by Walther Ziegler and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-21 with Philosophy categories.
"Great Thinkers in 60 Minutes Volume 5" comprises the five books "Adorno in 60 Minutes", "Habermas in 60 Minutes", "Foucault in 60 Minutes", "Rawls in 60 Minutes", and "Popper in 60 Minutes". Each short study sums up the key idea at the heart of each respective thinker and asks the question: "Of what use is this key idea to us today?" But above all the philosophers get to speak for themselves. Their most important statements are prominently presented, as direct quotations, in speech balloons with appropriate graphics, with exact indication of the source of each quote in the author's works. This light-hearted but nonetheless scholarly precise rendering of the ideas of each thinker makes it easy for the reader to acquaint him- or herself with the great questions of our lives. Because every philosopher who has achieved global fame has posed the "question of meaning": what is it that holds, at the most essential level, the world together? For Adorno it is the dialectical development of civilization from the Stone Age up to capitalism along with the alienation of Man from Nature that goes with it. Habermas, by contrast, sees in this historical process of development the chance to gradually improve society through the emancipatory power of language in communicative action. Foucault remains sceptical here and reveals to us the rigid structures in which we, as modern individuals, are trapped. Rawls develops a complex and compelling procedure for the creation of an ideally just state of affairs. Popper, finally, establishes a quite new theory of science whereby every scientific truth has only a provisional character so that it must eventually be relieved and replaced by better truths. In other words, the meaning of the world and thus of our own lives remains, among philosophers, a topic of great controversy. One thing, though, is sure: each of these five thinkers struck, from his own perspective, one brilliant spark out of that complex crystal that is the truth.
Schopenhauer In 60 Minutes
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Author : Walther Ziegler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-02-20
Schopenhauer In 60 Minutes written by Walther Ziegler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-20 with categories.
Great Thinkers In 60 Minutes Volume 4
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Author : Walther Ziegler
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2022-12-21
Great Thinkers In 60 Minutes Volume 4 written by Walther Ziegler and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-21 with Philosophy categories.
"Great Thinkers in 60 Minutes Volume 4" comprises the five Books "Schopenhauer in 60 Minutes", "Nietzsche in 60 Minutes", "Wittgenstein in 60 Minutes", "Kafka in 60 Minutes", and "Arendt in 60 Minutes". Each short study sums up the key idea at the heart of each respective thinker and asks the question: "Of what use is this key idea to us today?" But above all the philosophers get to speak for themselves. Their most important statements are prominently presented, as direct quotations, in speech balloons with appropriate graphics, with exact indication of the source of each quote in the author's works. This light-hearted but nonetheless scholarly precise rendering of the ideas of each thinker makes it easy for the reader to acquaint him- or herself with the great questions of our lives. Because every philosopher who has achieved global fame has posed the "question of meaning": what is it that holds, at the most essential level, the world together? For Schopenhauer it is the "blind will" that drives on every entity in the world. For Nietzsche it is "will to power" that urges human beings to a radical individual realization of the self. Wittgenstein, for his part, sees in language and our day-to-day "language games" the central element that marks our existence and society as a whole. Kafka, by contrast, discovered a very secret and fragile dimension of our lives: the dimension of inter-human relations and this relation's dark side. Arendt, finally, provides us, with her thesis of "the banality of evil", a marvellous insight into the morality - and amorality - of entire societies. In other words, the meaning of the world and thus of our own lives remains, among philosophers, a topic of great controversy. One thing, though, is sure: each of these five thinkers struck, from his own perspective, one brilliant spark out of that complex crystal that is the truth.