Keystone Xl And The National Interest Determination
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Keystone Xl And The National Interest Determination
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Author : Committee on Foreign Relations United St
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2015-03
Keystone Xl And The National Interest Determination written by Committee on Foreign Relations United St and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03 with Political Science categories.
The proposed Keystone XL pipeline cross-border segment would link Morgan, MT, at the Canadian border to Steele City, NE. It would have a capacity of 830,000 barrels of tar sands per day. Proponents of the pipeline point to jobs, economic development, and energy security as reasons why the pipeline should be approved, and claim that the alleged harm to the environment is overstated. Opponents raise climate change concerns, concerns about potential spills, and downplay any energy security or economic advantages of the pipeline. The link between the completion of the Keystone pipeline and ensuring our energy security, thus our national security, is clear and compelling. Despite years of rigorous review and strong public support for completion of the pipeline, the administration is now the only thing standing in the way of thousands of American jobs, with the potential for many more, and access to a large supply of North American energy.
Keystone Xl And The National Interest Determination
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Author : United States. Congress
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-12-05
Keystone Xl And The National Interest Determination written by United States. Congress and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-05 with categories.
Keystone XL and the national interest determination : hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, second session, March 13, 2014.
Keystone Xl And The National Interest Determination
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Keystone Xl And The National Interest Determination written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Energy security categories.
Keystone Xl And The National Interest Determination
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Keystone Xl And The National Interest Determination written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Energy security categories.
Keystone Xl Pipeline Project
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Keystone Xl Pipeline Project written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Environmental impact analysis categories.
Crs Report For Congress
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Author : Congressional Research Service: The Libr
language : en
Publisher: BiblioGov
Release Date : 2013-11
Crs Report For Congress written by Congressional Research Service: The Libr and has been published by BiblioGov this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11 with categories.
In 2008, Canadian pipeline company TransCanada filed an application with the U.S. Department of State to build the Keystone XL pipeline, which would transport crude oil from the oil sands region of Alberta, Canada, to refineries on the U.S. Gulf Coast. Keystone XL would ultimately have the capacity to transport 830,000 barrels per day, delivering crude oil to the market hub at Cushing, OK, and further to points in Texas. TransCanada plans to build a pipeline spur so that oil from the Bakken formation in Montana and North Dakota can also be carried on Keystone XL. As a facility connecting the United States with a foreign country, the pipeline requires a Presidential Permit from the State Department. In evaluating such a permit application, the department must determine whether it is in the "national interest," considering the project's potential effects on the environment, economy, energy security, foreign policy, and other factors. Environmental impacts are considered pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act, and documented by the State Department in an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). The final EIS was released for the Keystone XL pipeline permit application in August 2011, after which a 90- day public review period began to make the national interest determination. During that time the State Department determined that more information was needed to consider an alternative pipeline route avoiding the environmentally sensitive Sand Hills region of Nebraska, an extensive sand dune formation with highly porous soil and a shallow depth to groundwater recharging the Ogallala aquifer.
Keystone Xl Pipeline
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Author : Congressional Research Service
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2015-01-05
Keystone Xl Pipeline written by Congressional Research Service and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-05 with Political Science categories.
TransCanada's proposed Keystone XL Pipeline would transport oil sands crude from Canada and shale oil produced in North Dakota and Montana to a market hub in Nebraska for further delivery to Gulf Coast refineries. The pipeline would consist of 875 miles of 36-inch pipe with the capacity to transport 830,000 barrels per day. Because it would cross the Canadian-U.S. border, Keystone XL requires a Presidential Permit from the State Department predicated on the department's determination that the project would serve the national interest. That determination considers environmental impacts, evaluated and documented in an environmental impact statement (EIS) pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). TransCanada originally applied for a Presidential Permit for the Keystone XL Pipeline in 2008. An issue that arose during the permit review was environmental impacts in the Sand Hills region of Nebraska. This concern led the Nebraska legislature to enact new state pipeline siting requirements that would alter the pipeline route. The Presidential Permit was subsequently denied by the State Department. In May 2012, TransCanada reapplied for a Presidential Permit with a modified route through Nebraska. The new permit application initiated a new NEPA process. In January 2014, the State Department released the final EIS for the proposed Keystone XL Pipeline. The State Department subsequently began to focus on whether issuance of the permit would be in the national interest. To make such a determination, the department considers various factors related to the project and seeks input from members of the public and selected federal agencies. The public comment period closed in March 2014. In April 2014, the Department of State notified the other federal agencies that it would provide more time for their input due to ongoing litigation in the Nebraska Supreme Court challenging the state's approval of the altered pipeline route. Although the department stated that its review of the permit application would continue, many analysts viewed this notification as effectively suspending the permit review. Development of Keystone XL has been controversial. Proponents base their arguments primarily on increasing the diversity of the U.S. petroleum supply and economic benefits, especially jobs. Pipeline opposition stems in part from concern regarding the greenhouse gas emissions from the development of Canadian oil sands, continued U.S. dependency on fossil fuels, and the risk of a potential release of heavy crude. There is also concern over how much crude oil, or petroleum products refined from Keystone XL crude, would be exported overseas. Relations between the U.S. and Canadian governments have also been an issue. With the fate of Keystone XL uncertain, Canadian oil producers have pursued other shipment options, including other pipelines and rail. In light of what some consider excessive delays in the State Department's permit review, some in Congress have sought other means to support development of the pipeline. In the 113th Congress, the Energy Production and Project Delivery Act of 2013 (S. 17), the Northern Route Approval Act (H.R. 3), and the American Energy Solutions for Lower Costs and More American Jobs Act (H.R. 2) sought to eliminate the Presidential Permit requirement for Keystone XL. The Keystone for a Secure Tomorrow Act (H.R. 334) and a Senate bill to approve the Keystone XL Project (S. 582) would have directly approved the pipeline under the authority of Congress to regulate foreign commerce. A Senate amendment to the Fiscal 2014 Senate Budget Resolution (S.Con.Res. 8) would have provided for the approval of Keystone XL (S.Amdt. 494). The North American Energy Infrastructure Act (H.R. 3301) would have transferred permit authority for oil pipelines to the Department of Commerce, among other permitting changes.
Crs Report For Congress
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Author : Jonathan L. Ramseur
language : en
Publisher: BiblioGov
Release Date : 2013-09
Crs Report For Congress written by Jonathan L. Ramseur and has been published by BiblioGov this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09 with categories.
If constructed, the Keystone XL pipeline would transport crude oil (e.g., synthetic crude oil or diluted bitumen) derived from oil sands in Alberta, Canada to destinations in the United States. Because the pipeline crosses an international border, it requires a Presidential Permit that is issued by the Department of State (DOS). The permit decision rests on a "national interest" determination, a term not defined in the authorizing Executive Orders. DOS states that it has "significant discretion" in the factors it examines in this determination. Key events related to the Presidential Permit include: September 19, 2008: TransCanada submitted an application for a Presidential Permit for its Keystone XL pipeline. November 10, 2011: DOS announced it needed additional information concerning alternative pipeline routes through the Nebraska Sandhills. January 18, 2012: In response to a legislative mandate in P.L. 112-78, DOS, with the President's consent, announced its denial of the Keystone XL permit. May 4, 2012: TransCanada submitted a revised permit application to DOS. Although some groups have opposed previous oil pipeline permits, opposition to the Keystone XL proposal has generated substantially more interest among environmental stakeholders. Pipeline opponents are not a monolithic group: some raise concerns about potential local impacts, such as oil spills or extraction impacts in Canada; some argue the pipeline would have national energy and climate change policy implications.
Keystone Xl Pipeline
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (2011). Subcommittee on Environment
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Keystone Xl Pipeline written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (2011). Subcommittee on Environment and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Oil sands categories.
Science And Politics
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Author : Brent S. Steel
language : en
Publisher: CQ Press
Release Date : 2014-04-21
Science And Politics written by Brent S. Steel and has been published by CQ Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-21 with Political Science categories.
Recent partisan squabbles over science in the news are indicative of a larger tendency for scientific research and practice to get entangled in major ideological divisions in the public arena. This politicization of science is deepened by the key role government funding plays in scientific research and development, the market leading position of U.S.-based science and technology firms, and controversial U.S. exports (such as genetically modified foods or hormone-injected livestock). This groundbreaking, one-volume, A-to-Z reference features 120-150 entries that explore the nexus of politics and science, both in the United States and in U.S. interactions with other nations. The essays, each by experts in their fields, examine: Health, environmental, and social/cultural issues relating to science and politics Concerns relating to government regulation and its impact on the practice of science Key historical and contemporary events that have shaped our contemporary view of how science and politics intersect Science and Politics: An A to Z Guide to Issues and Controversies is a must-have resource for researchers and students who seek to deepen their understanding of the connection between science and politics.