Kinetic Theory Of Gases In Shear Flows

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Kinetic Theory Of Gases In Shear Flows

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Author : Vicente Garzó
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-09-30

Kinetic Theory Of Gases In Shear Flows written by Vicente Garzó and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-30 with Science categories.

The kinetic theory of gases as we know it dates to the paper of Boltzmann in 1872. The justification and context of this equation has been clarified over the past half century to the extent that it comprises one of the most complete examples of many-body analyses exhibiting the contraction from a microscopic to a mesoscopic description. The primary result is that the Boltzmann equation applies to dilute gases with short ranged interatomic forces, on space and time scales large compared to the corresponding atomic scales. Otherwise, there is no a priori limitation on the state of the system. This means it should be applicable even to systems driven very far from its eqUilibrium state. However, in spite of the physical simplicity of the Boltzmann equation, its mathematical complexity has masked its content except for states near eqUilibrium. While the latter are very important and the Boltzmann equation has been a resounding success in this case, the full potential of the Boltzmann equation to describe more general nonequilibrium states remains unfulfilled. An important exception was a study by Ikenberry and Truesdell in 1956 for a gas of Maxwell molecules undergoing shear flow. They provided a formally exact solution to the moment hierarchy that is valid for arbitrarily large shear rates. It was the first example of a fundamental description of rheology far from eqUilibrium, albeit for an unrealistic system. With rare exceptions, significant progress on nonequilibrium states was made only 20-30 years later.

Kinetic Theory Of Gases In Shear Flows

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Author : Vicente Garzo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-01-15

Kinetic Theory Of Gases In Shear Flows written by Vicente Garzo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-15 with categories.

Granular Gases

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Author : Thorsten Pöschel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-02-27

Granular Gases written by Thorsten Pöschel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-02-27 with Science categories.

"Granular Gases" are diluted many-particle systems in which the mean free path of the particles is much larger than the typical particle size, and where particle collisions occur dissipatively. The dissipation of kinetic energy can lead to effects such as the formation of clusters, anomalous diffusion and characteristic shock waves to name but a few. The book is organized as follows: Part I comprises the rigorous theoretical results for the dilute limit. The detailed properties of binary collisions are described in Part II. Part III contains experimental investigations of granular gases. Large-scale behaviour as found in astrophysical systems is discussed in Part IV. Part V, finally, deals with possible generalizations for dense granular systems.

Granular Gaseous Flows

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Author : Vicente Garzó
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-16

Granular Gaseous Flows written by Vicente Garzó and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-16 with Science categories.

Back Cover Text: This book addresses the study of the gaseous state of granular matter in the conditions of rapid flow caused by a violent and sustained excitation. In this regime, grains only touch each other during collisions and hence, kinetic theory is a very useful tool to study granular flows. The main difference with respect to ordinary or molecular fluids is that grains are macroscopic and so, their collisions are inelastic. Given the interest in the effects of collisional dissipation on granular media under rapid flow conditions, the emphasis of this book is on an idealized model (smooth inelastic hard spheres) that isolates this effect from other important properties of granular systems. In this simple model, the inelasticity of collisions is only accounted for by a (positive) constant coefficient of normal restitution. The author of this monograph uses a kinetic theory description (which can be considered as a mesoscopic description between statistical mechanics and hydrodynamics) to study granular flows from a microscopic point of view. In particular, the inelastic version of the Boltzmann and Enskog kinetic equations is the starting point of the analysis. Conventional methods such as Chapman-Enskog expansion, Grad’s moment method and/or kinetic models are generalized to dissipative systems to get the forms of the transport coefficients and hydrodynamics. The knowledge of granular hydrodynamics opens up the possibility of understanding interesting problems such as the spontaneous formation of density clusters and velocity vortices in freely cooling flows and/or the lack of energy equipartition in granular mixtures. Some of the topics covered in this monograph include: Navier-Stokes transport coefficients for granular gases at moderate densities Long-wavelength instability in freely cooling flows Non-Newtonian transport properties in granular shear flows Energynonequipartition in freely cooling granular mixtures Diffusion in strongly sheared granular mixtures Exact solutions to the Boltzmann equation for inelastic Maxwell models

Thermodynamics Of Fluids Under Flow

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Author : David Jou
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-12-02

Thermodynamics Of Fluids Under Flow written by David Jou and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-02 with Science categories.

This is the second edition of the book “Thermodynamics of Fluids under Flow,” which was published in 2000 and has now been corrected, expanded and updated. This is a companion book to our other title Extended irreversible thermodynamics (D. Jou, J. Casas-Vázquez and G. Lebon, Springer, 4th edition 2010), and of the textbook Understanding non-equilibrium thermodynamics (G. Lebon, D. Jou and J. Casas-Vázquez, Springer, 2008. The present book is more specialized than its counterpart, as it focuses its attention on the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of flowing fluids, incorporating non-trivial thermodynamic contributions of the flow, going beyond local equilibrium theories, i.e., including the effects of internal variables and of external forcing due to the flow. Whereas the book's first edition was much more focused on polymer solutions, with brief glimpses into ideal and real gases, the present edition covers a much wider variety of systems, such as: diluted and concentrated polymer solutions, polymer blends, laminar and turbulent superfluids, phonon hydrodynamics and heat transport in nanosystems, nuclear collisions, far-from-equilibrium ideal gases, and molecular solutions. It also deals with a variety of situations, emphasizing the non-equilibrium flow contribution: temperature and entropy in flowing ideal gases, shear-induced effects on phase transitions in real gases and on polymer solutions, stress-induced migration and its application to flow chromatography, Taylor dispersion, anomalous diffusion in flowing systems, the influence of the flow on chemical reactions, and polymer degradation. The new edition is not only broader in scope, but more educational in character, and with more emphasis on applications, in keeping with our times. It provides many examples of how a deeper theoretical understanding may bring new and more efficient applications, forging links between theoretical progress and practical aims. This updated version expands on the trusted content of its predecessor, making it more interesting and useful for a larger audience.

Granular Gas Dynamics

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Author : Thorsten Pöschel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-10-16

Granular Gas Dynamics written by Thorsten Pöschel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-10-16 with Science categories.

The contributions in this book address both the kinetic approach one using the Boltzmann equation for dissipative gases as well as the less established hydrodynamic description. The last part of the book is devoted to driven granular gases and their analogy with molecular fluids.

Computational Gas Solids Flows And Reacting Systems Theory Methods And Practice

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Author : Pannala, Sreekanth
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2010-09-30

Computational Gas Solids Flows And Reacting Systems Theory Methods And Practice written by Pannala, Sreekanth and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-30 with Computers categories.

"This book provides various approaches to computational gas-solids flow and will aid the researchers, graduate students and practicing engineers in this rapidly expanding area"--Provided by publisher.

A First Course In Turbulence

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Author : Henk Tennekes
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2018-04-27

A First Course In Turbulence written by Henk Tennekes and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-27 with Science categories.

This is the first book specifically designed to offer the student a smooth transitionary course between elementary fluid dynamics (which gives only last-minute attention to turbulence) and the professional literature on turbulent flow, where an advanced viewpoint is assumed. The subject of turbulence, the most forbidding in fluid dynamics, has usually proved treacherous to the beginner, caught in the whirls and eddies of its nonlinearities and statistical imponderables. This is the first book specifically designed to offer the student a smooth transitionary course between elementary fluid dynamics (which gives only last-minute attention to turbulence) and the professional literature on turbulent flow, where an advanced viewpoint is assumed. Moreover, the text has been developed for students, engineers, and scientists with different technical backgrounds and interests. Almost all flows, natural and man-made, are turbulent. Thus the subject is the concern of geophysical and environmental scientists (in dealing with atmospheric jet streams, ocean currents, and the flow of rivers, for example), of astrophysicists (in studying the photospheres of the sun and stars or mapping gaseous nebulae), and of engineers (in calculating pipe flows, jets, or wakes). Many such examples are discussed in the book. The approach taken avoids the difficulties of advanced mathematical development on the one side and the morass of experimental detail and empirical data on the other. As a result of following its midstream course, the text gives the student a physical understanding of the subject and deepens his intuitive insight into those problems that cannot now be rigorously solved. In particular, dimensional analysis is used extensively in dealing with those problems whose exact solution is mathematically elusive. Dimensional reasoning, scale arguments, and similarity rules are introduced at the beginning and are applied throughout. A discussion of Reynolds stress and the kinetic theory of gases provides the contrast needed to put mixing-length theory into proper perspective: the authors present a thorough comparison between the mixing-length models and dimensional analysis of shear flows. This is followed by an extensive treatment of vorticity dynamics, including vortex stretching and vorticity budgets. Two chapters are devoted to boundary-free shear flows and well-bounded turbulent shear flows. The examples presented include wakes, jets, shear layers, thermal plumes, atmospheric boundary layers, pipe and channel flow, and boundary layers in pressure gradients. The spatial structure of turbulent flow has been the subject of analysis in the book up to this point, at which a compact but thorough introduction to statistical methods is given. This prepares the reader to understand the stochastic and spectral structure of turbulence. The remainder of the book consists of applications of the statistical approach to the study of turbulent transport (including diffusion and mixing) and turbulent spectra.

Turbulent Flows

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Author : G. Biswas
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002

Turbulent Flows written by G. Biswas and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book allows readers to tackle the challenges of turbulent flow problems with confidence. It covers the fundamentals of turbulence, various modeling approaches, and experimental studies. The fundamentals section includes isotropic turbulence and anistropic turbulence, turbulent flow dynamics, free shear layers, turbulent boundary layers and plumes. The modeling section focuses on topics such as eddy viscosity models, standard K-E Models, Direct Numerical Stimulation, Large Eddy Simulation, and their applications. The measurement of turbulent fluctuations experiments in isothermal and stratified turbulent flows are explored in the experimental methods section. Special topics include modeling of near wall turbulent flows, compressible turbulent flows, and more.

Thermodynamics Of Fluids Under Flow

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Author : D. Jou
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09

Thermodynamics Of Fluids Under Flow written by D. Jou and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.

The thennodynamics of fluids under shear flow is an active and very challenging topic in modem non-equilibrium thennodynamics and statistical mechanics. The interest is both theoretical and practical. From the theoretical point of view, the influence of the shear effects on the thennodynamic potentials requires the fonnulation of thennody namic theories beyond the local-equilibrium hypothesis; this is a field with many open questions, which fosters an active dialogue between macroscopic and microscopic theo ries, the latter based either on the kinetic theory of gases or on computer simulations of gases or liquids. Furthennore, it also requires an open discussion between thermodyna mics and hydrodynamics, because some of the phenomena observed may have a purely thennodynamic origin (due to the modification of some equations of state) or a purely in general there will be an interplay of both thennodynamic hydrodynamic origin, but and hydrodynamic effects. To clarify the fonnulation of a non-equilibrium thennody namics beyond the local-equilibrium regime, and its relationship with microscopic theories and with hydrodynamic theories currently represents an important frontier. From the practical point of view, many situations of technological interest are present in fluid systems under flow. Indeed, the modification of the thennodynamic equations of state for the chemical potential imply modifications in the phase diagram of substances in non-equilibrium states, or on the conditions of chemical equilibrium and stability.