Kinetics Of Crude Oil Combustion In Porous Media Interpreted Using Isoconversional Methods
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Kinetics Of Crude Oil Combustion In Porous Media Interpreted Using Isoconversional Methods
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Author : Murat Cinar
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2011
Kinetics Of Crude Oil Combustion In Porous Media Interpreted Using Isoconversional Methods written by Murat Cinar and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
One method to access unconventional, heavy-oil and natural bitumen resources as well as waterflood residual oil is to apply in situ combustion (ISC) to oxidize in place a small fraction of the hydrocarbon thereby providing heat to reduce oil viscosity and pressure that enhances recovery. ISC is also attractive because it provides the opportunity to upgrade oil in-situ by increasing the API gravity and decreasing, for instance, sulfur content. Experimental analysis of crude-oil oxidation kinetics provides parameters, such as activation energy, for modeling and optimization of ISC processes. The complex nature of petroleum as a multi-component mixture and multi-step character of oxidation reactions complicates substantially the kinetic analysis of crude-oil. Isoconversional techniques provide model-free methods for estimating activation energy and naturally deconvolve multi-step reactions. In addition, isoconversional methods are also useful as a screening tool to recognize the burning characteristics of different oils. By using experimentally determined combustion kinetics of different oil samples along with combustion tube results, we show that isoconversional analysis of ramped temperature oxidation data is useful to predict combustion-front propagation. It also provides new insight into the nature of the reactions occurring during ISC. Ramped temperature oxidation (RTO) tests with effluent gas analysis are conducted to probe ISC reaction kinetics along with isothermal coke formation experiments. The role of oxygen during coke formation reactions (i.e., fuel formation for ISC) is investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of intermediate reaction products. The XPS data is analyzed along with companion RTO experiments to obtain a simplified multi-step reaction scheme. Synthetic cases illustrate the connection between a proposed reaction scheme for oil/matrix pairs and one-dimensional combustion front propagation. Analysis of experimental results illustrate that the reaction scheme is capable of reproducing experimental results including the basic trends in oxygen consumption and carbon oxides production for RTO experiments as a function of heating rate for both good and poor ISC candidates. The combination of XPS and RTO studies indicates that the quality (or reactivity) of coke formed during the process is a function of oxygen presence/absence.
Kinetics Of Crude Oil Combustion In Porous Media Interpreted Using Isoconversional Methods
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Author : Murat Cinar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Kinetics Of Crude Oil Combustion In Porous Media Interpreted Using Isoconversional Methods written by Murat Cinar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
One method to access unconventional, heavy-oil and natural bitumen resources as well as waterflood residual oil is to apply in situ combustion (ISC) to oxidize in place a small fraction of the hydrocarbon thereby providing heat to reduce oil viscosity and pressure that enhances recovery. ISC is also attractive because it provides the opportunity to upgrade oil in-situ by increasing the API gravity and decreasing, for instance, sulfur content. Experimental analysis of crude-oil oxidation kinetics provides parameters, such as activation energy, for modeling and optimization of ISC processes. The complex nature of petroleum as a multi-component mixture and multi-step character of oxidation reactions complicates substantially the kinetic analysis of crude-oil. Isoconversional techniques provide model-free methods for estimating activation energy and naturally deconvolve multi-step reactions. In addition, isoconversional methods are also useful as a screening tool to recognize the burning characteristics of different oils. By using experimentally determined combustion kinetics of different oil samples along with combustion tube results, we show that isoconversional analysis of ramped temperature oxidation data is useful to predict combustion-front propagation. It also provides new insight into the nature of the reactions occurring during ISC. Ramped temperature oxidation (RTO) tests with effluent gas analysis are conducted to probe ISC reaction kinetics along with isothermal coke formation experiments. The role of oxygen during coke formation reactions (i.e., fuel formation for ISC) is investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of intermediate reaction products. The XPS data is analyzed along with companion RTO experiments to obtain a simplified multi-step reaction scheme. Synthetic cases illustrate the connection between a proposed reaction scheme for oil/matrix pairs and one-dimensional combustion front propagation. Analysis of experimental results illustrate that the reaction scheme is capable of reproducing experimental results including the basic trends in oxygen consumption and carbon oxides production for RTO experiments as a function of heating rate for both good and poor ISC candidates. The combination of XPS and RTO studies indicates that the quality (or reactivity) of coke formed during the process is a function of oxygen presence/absence.
Efficient Simulation Of Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes
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Author : Zhouyuan Zhu
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2011
Efficient Simulation Of Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes written by Zhouyuan Zhu and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Simulating thermal processes is usually computationally expensive because of the complexity of the problem and strong nonlinearities encountered. In this work, we explore novel and efficient simulation techniques to solve thermal enhanced oil recovery problems. We focus on two major topics: the extension of streamline simulation for thermal enhanced oil recovery and the efficient simulation of chemical reaction kinetics as applied to the in-situ combustion process. For thermal streamline simulation, we first study the extension to hot water flood processes, in which we have temperature induced viscosity changes and thermal volume changes. We first compute the pressure field on an Eulerian grid. We then solve for the advective parts of the mass balance and energy equations along the individual streamlines, accounting for the compressibility effects. At the end of each global time step, we account for the nonadvective terms on the Eulerian grid along with gravity using operator splitting. We test our streamline simulator and compare the results with a commercial thermal simulator. Sensitivity studies for compressibility, gravity and thermal conduction effects are presented. We further extended our thermal streamline simulation to steam flooding. Steam flooding exhibits large volume changes and compressibility associated with the phase behavior of steam, strong gravity segregation and override, and highly coupled energy and mass transport. To overcome these challenges we implement a novel pressure update along the streamlines, a Glowinski scheme operator splitting and a preliminary streamline/finite volume hybrid approach. We tested our streamline simulator on a series of test cases. We compared our thermal streamline results with those computed by a commercial thermal simulator for both accuracy and efficiency. For the cases investigated, we are able to retain solution accuracy, while reducing computational cost and gaining connectivity information from the streamlines. These aspects are useful for reservoir engineering purposes. In traditional thermal reactive reservoir simulation, mass and energy balance equations are solved numerically on discretized reservoir grid blocks. The reaction terms are calculated through Arrhenius kinetics using cell-averaged properties, such as averaged temperature and reactant concentrations. For the in-situ combustion process, the chemical reaction front is physically very narrow, typically a few inches thick. To capture accurately this front, centimeter-sized grids are required that are orders of magnitude smaller than the affordable grid block sizes for full field reservoir models. To solve this grid size effect problem, we propose a new method based on a non-Arrhenius reaction upscaling approach. We do not resolve the combustion front on the grid, but instead use a subgrid-scale model that captures the overall effects of the combustion reactions on flow and transport, i.e. the amount of heat released, the amount of oil burned and the reaction products generated. The subgrid-scale model is calibrated using fine-scale highly accurate numerical simulation and laboratory experiments. This approach significantly improves the computational speed of in-situ combustion simulation as compared to traditional methods. We propose the detailed procedures to implement this methodology in a field-scale simulator. Test cases illustrate the solution consistency when scaling up the grid sizes in multidimensional heterogeneous problems. The methodology is also applicable to other subsurface reactive flow modeling problems with fast chemical reactions and sharp fronts. Displacement front stability is a major concern in the design of all the enhanced oil recovery processes. Historically, premature combustion front break through has been an issue for field operations of in-situ combustion. In this work, we perform detailed analysis based on both analytical methods and numerical simulation. We identify the different flow regimes and several driving fronts in a typical 1D ISC process. For the ISC process in a conventional mobile heavy oil reservoir, we identify the most critical front as the front of steam plateau driving the cold oil bank. We discuss the five main contributors for this front stability/instability: viscous force, condensation, heat conduction, coke plugging and gravity. Detailed numerical tests are performed to test and rank the relative importance of all these different effects.
Proceedings Of The International Field Exploration And Development Conference 2019
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Author : Jia'en Lin
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2021-07-14
Proceedings Of The International Field Exploration And Development Conference 2019 written by Jia'en Lin and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book gathers selected papers from the 8th International Field Exploration and Development Conference (IFEDC 2019) and addresses a broad range of topics, including: Low Permeability Reservoir, Unconventional Tight & Shale Oil Reservoir, Unconventional Heavy Oil and Coal Bed Gas, Digital and Intelligent Oilfield, Reservoir Dynamic Analysis, Oil and Gas Reservoir Surveillance and Management, Oil and Gas Reservoir Evaluation and Modeling, Drilling and Production Operation, Enhancement of Recovery, Oil and Gas Reservoir Exploration. The conference not only provided a platform to exchange experiences, but also promoted the advancement of scientific research in oil & gas exploration and production. The book is chiefly intended for industry experts, professors, researchers, senior engineers, and enterprise managers.
Isoconversional Kinetics Of Thermally Stimulated Processes
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Author : Sergey Vyazovkin
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-03-18
Isoconversional Kinetics Of Thermally Stimulated Processes written by Sergey Vyazovkin and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-18 with Science categories.
The use of isoconversional kinetic methods for analysis of thermogravimetric and calorimetric data on thermally stimulated processes is quickly growing in popularity. The purpose of this book is to create the first comprehensive resource on the theory and applications of isoconversional methodology. The book introduces the reader to the kinetics of physical and chemical condensed phase processes that occur as a result of changing temperature and discusses how isoconversional analysis can provide important kinetic insights into them. The book will help the readers to develop a better understanding of the methodology, and promote its efficient usage and successful development.
Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies
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Author : James J.Sheng
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2013-04-10
Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies written by James J.Sheng and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-10 with Science categories.
Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies bridges the gap between theory and practice in a range of real-world EOR settings. Areas covered include steam and polymer flooding, use of foam, in situ combustion, microorganisms, "smart water"-based EOR in carbonates and sandstones, and many more. Oil industry professionals know that the key to a successful enhanced oil recovery project lies in anticipating the differences between plans and the realities found in the field. This book aids that effort, providing valuable case studies from more than 250 EOR pilot and field applications in a variety of oil fields. The case studies cover practical problems, underlying theoretical and modeling methods, operational parameters, solutions and sensitivity studies, and performance optimization strategies, benefitting academicians and oil company practitioners alike. Strikes an ideal balance between theory and practice Focuses on practical problems, underlying theoretical and modeling methods, and operational parameters Designed for technical professionals, covering the fundamental as well as the advanced aspects of EOR
Introduction To Thermal Analysis
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Author : M.E. Brown
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-01-10
Introduction To Thermal Analysis written by M.E. Brown and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
to Thermal Analysis Techniques and Applications Edited by Michael E. Brown Chemistry Department, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW eBook ISBN: 0-306-48404-8 Print ISBN: 1-4020-0472-9 ©2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow Print ©2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht All rights reserved No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher Created in the United States of America Visit Kluwer Online at: http://kluweronline. com and Kluwer's eBookstore at: http://ebooks. kluweronline. com CONTENTS Preface to the First Edition, Chapman & Hall, London, 1988 ix About the First Edition of this Book x Preface to the Second Edition xi 1. INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Definition and History 1 1. 2 Thermal Analysis Instruments 4 References 11 2. THERMAL EVENTS 2. 1 Introduction 13 2. 2 The Solid State 13 2. 3 Reactions of Solids 14 2. 4 Decomposition of Solids 15 2. 5 Reaction with the Surrounding Atmosphere 16 2. 6 Solid-Solid Interactions 16 References 17 3. THERMOGRAVIMETRY (TG) Introduction 3. 1 19 3. 2 The Balance 19 3. 3 Heating the Sample 21 3. 4 The Atmosphere 24 3. 5 The Sample 26 3. 6 Temperature Measurement 26 3. 7 Temperature Control 28 Sample Controlled Thermal Analysis (SCTA) 29 3. 8 3. 9 Calibration 36 3. 10 Presentation of TG Data 37 3.
Pyrolysis Of Biomass
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Author : Shurong Wang
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2016-12-05
Pyrolysis Of Biomass written by Shurong Wang and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
With the development of societies fossil energy is no longer the only energy resource, and increasing attention had been paid to alternative energy. Biomass is considered to be one of the alternatives due to efficiency and low cost. This book presents biomass pyrolysis behavior for three main components: Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Lignin, and discusses the influence of mineral salts , zeolite catalysts and metal oxide on their pyrolysis.
Heat Transfer In Polymer Composite Materials
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Author : Nicolas Boyard
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-03-28
Heat Transfer In Polymer Composite Materials written by Nicolas Boyard and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-28 with Science categories.
This book addresses general information, good practices and examples about thermo-physical properties, thermo-kinetic and thermo-mechanical couplings, instrumentation in thermal science, thermal optimization and infrared radiation.
Progress In Thermochemical Biomass Conversion
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Author : A. V. Bridgwater
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-04-30
Progress In Thermochemical Biomass Conversion written by A. V. Bridgwater and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-30 with Science categories.
This book is for chemical engineers, fuel technologists, agricultural engineers and chemists in the world-wide energy industry and in academic, research and government institutions. It provides a thorough review of, and entry to, the primary and review literature surrounding the subject. The authors are internationally recognised experts in their field and combine to provide both commercial relevance and academic rigour. Contributions are based on papers delivered to the Fifth International Conference sponsored by the IEA Bioenergy Agreement.