Knowledge And Rational Action
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Knowledge And Rational Action
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Author : Roman Heil
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2025-07-23
Knowledge And Rational Action written by Roman Heil and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-07-23 with Philosophy categories.
This book motivates and systematically develops the view that knowledge should be at the centre of our theory of practical rationality. “Only act on what you know!”—the book offers the first comprehensive defence of this slogan in the form of a knowledge-based decision theory. The proposed view is shown to be the most straightforward explanation of emerging bodies of evidence for a link between knowledge and rational action. The book provides novel solutions to well-known challenges that invoke high-stakes scenarios, seemingly rational actions based on reasonable but false beliefs, and decision-making under risk and uncertainty. The emerging view brings together traditional and formal approaches to epistemology and the study of practical rationality. The resulting knowledge-based decision theory is embedded in a rich normative landscape, encompassing innovative accounts of excuses, rational acceptance and the simplification of reasoning. Knowledge and Rational Action will be of great interest to researchers and graduate students interested in epistemology, practical rationality and decision theory.
Globalization Knowledge And Society
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Author : Martin Albrow
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 1990-08-01
Globalization Knowledge And Society written by Martin Albrow and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-08-01 with Social Science categories.
Globalization, Knowledge and Society addresses the issues involved in the development of sociology as a global discipline and the increasing interpenetration of national traditions, cultures and economies through global change. Classic issues of relativism and universalism are raised in a new context. The related problems of tensions between national sociological traditions and the international discipline are explored. Finally the book considers the transnational process of social change, particularly as exemplified in international actors such as the Green and peace movements. This innovative volume, drawing on papers from International Sociology, addresses key questions for all those interested either in th
Rational Deliberation
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Author : David P. Gauthier
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022
Rational Deliberation written by David P. Gauthier and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Business & Economics categories.
This book presents a selection of Gauthier's writings on practical rationality and deliberation. The chapters develop and clarify Gauthier's theory of practical rationality, and draw out insights relevant to economic theory.
One For All
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Author : Russell Hardin
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 1997-08-29
One For All written by Russell Hardin and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-08-29 with Political Science categories.
In a book that challenges the most widely held ideas of why individuals engage in collective conflict, Russell Hardin offers a timely, crucial explanation of group action in its most destructive forms. Contrary to those observers who attribute group violence to irrationality, primordial instinct, or complex psychology, Hardin uncovers a systematic exploitation of self-interest in the underpinnings of group identification and collective violence. Using examples from Mafia vendettas to ethnic violence in places such as Bosnia and Rwanda, he describes the social and economic circumstances that set this violence into motion. Hardin explains why hatred alone does not necessarily start wars but how leaders cultivate it to mobilize their people. He also reveals the thinking behind the preemptive strikes that contribute to much of the violence between groups, identifies the dangers of "particularist" communitarianism, and argues for government structures to prevent any ethnic or other group from having too much sway. Exploring conflict between groups such as Serbs and Croats, Hutu and Tutsi, Northern Irish Catholics and Protestants, Hardin vividly illustrates the danger that arises when individual and group interests merge. In these examples, groups of people have been governed by movements that managed to reflect their members' personal interests--mainly by striving for political and economic advances at the expense of other groups and by closing themselves off from society at large. The author concludes that we make a better and safer world if we design our social institutions to facilitate individual efforts to achieve personal goals than if we concentrate on the ethnic political makeup of our respective societies.
Knowledge In An Uncertain World
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Author : Jeremy Fantl
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-11-05
Knowledge In An Uncertain World written by Jeremy Fantl and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-05 with Philosophy categories.
Knowledge in an Uncertain World is an exploration of the relation between knowledge, reasons, and justification. According to the primary argument of the book, you can rely on what you know in action and belief, because what you know can be a reason you have and you can rely on the reasons you have. If knowledge doesn't allow for a chance of error, then this result is unsurprising. But if knowledge does allow for a chance of error - as seems required if we know much of anything at all - this result entails the denial of a received position in epistemology. Because any chance of error, if the stakes are high enough, can make a difference to what can be relied on, two subjects with the same evidence and generally the same strength of epistemic position for a proposition can differ with respect to whether they are in a position to know. In defending these points, Fantl and McGrath investigate the ramifications for debates about epistemological externalism and contextualism, the value and importance of knowledge, Wittgensteinian hinge propositions, Bayesianism, and the nature of belief. The book is essential reading for epistemologists, philosophers who work on reasons and rationality, philosophers of language and mind, and decision theorists.
Knowledge And Action
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Author : Peter Meusburger
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-01-11
Knowledge And Action written by Peter Meusburger and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-11 with Social Science categories.
This volume explores interdependencies between knowledge, action, and space from different interdisciplinary perspectives. Some of the contributors discuss knowledge as a social construct based on collective action, while others look at knowledge as an individual capacity for action. The chapters contain theoretical frameworks as well as experimental outcomes. Readers will gain insight into key questions such as: How does knowledge function as a prerequisite for action? Why are knowledge gaps growing and not diminishing in a knowledge society? How much knowledge is necessary for action? How do various types of knowledge influence the steps from cognition to action? How do different representations of knowledge shape action? What impact have spatial conditions for the formation of knowledge? What is the relationship between social and geographical space? The contributors consider rationality in social and economic theories as well as in everyday life. Attention is also given to action theoretic approaches and rationality from the viewpoints of psychology, post-structuralism, and human geography, making this an attractive book for students, researchers and academics of various backgrounds. This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Knowledge
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Author : Brian Weatherson
language : en
Publisher: Open Book Publishers
Release Date : 2024-11-21
Knowledge written by Brian Weatherson and has been published by Open Book Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-21 with Philosophy categories.
In this book the author argues for a groundbreaking perspective that knowledge is inherently interest-relative. This means that what one knows is influenced not just by belief, evidence, and truth, but crucially by the purposes those beliefs serve. Drawing from classical Nyāya epistemologies, the book asserts that knowledge rationalizes action: if you know something, it is sensible to act on it—and the best way to square this with an anti-sceptical epistemology is to say that knowledge is interest-relative. While versions of this view have been debated, they haven’t gained wide acceptance. The author addresses common objections with a refined formulation and explores how this perspective elucidates the role of knowledge in inquiry, daily life, and the history of thought. Key distinctions include the impact of “long odds” situations on knowledge, the distinctive role knowledge has a starting point for inquiry, and the importance of using non-ideal models in theorising about knowledge. Building on decades of scholarship, the author offers a cohesive theory that integrates and clarifies previous works, demonstrating that not only knowledge but also belief, rational belief, and evidence are interest-relative. This book is essential for those seeking a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between knowledge and practical interests.
Being Rational And Being Right
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Author : Juan Comesaña
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-03-13
Being Rational And Being Right written by Juan Comesaña and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-13 with Philosophy categories.
In Being Rational and Being Right, Juan Comesaña argues for a cluster of theses related to the rationality of action and belief. His starting point is that rational action requires rational belief but tolerates false belief. From there, Comesaña provides a novel account of empirical evidence according to which said evidence consists of the content of undefeated experiences. This view, which Comesaña calls "Experientialism," differs from the two main views of empirical evidence on offer nowadays: Factualism, according to which our evidence is what we know, and Psychologism, according to which our experiences themselves are evidence. He reasons that Experientialism fares better than these rival views in explaining different features of rational belief and action. Comesaña embeds this discussion in a Bayesian framework, and discusses in addition the problem of normative requirements, the easy knowledge problem, and how Experientialism compares to Evidentialism, Reliabilism, and Comesaña's own (now superseded) Evidentialist Reliabilism.
Probabilistic Knowledge
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Author : Sarah Moss
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-02-09
Probabilistic Knowledge written by Sarah Moss and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-09 with Philosophy categories.
Traditional philosophical discussions of knowledge have focused on the epistemic status of full beliefs. Sarah Moss argues that in addition to full beliefs, credences can constitute knowledge. For instance, your 0.4 credence that it is raining outside can constitute knowledge, in just the same way that your full beliefs can. In addition, you can know that it might be raining, and that if it is raining then it is probably cloudy, where this knowledge is not knowledge of propositions, but of probabilistic contents. The notion of probabilistic content introduced in this book plays a central role not only in epistemology, but in the philosophy of mind and language as well. Just as tradition holds that you believe and assert propositions, you can believe and assert probabilistic contents. Accepting that we can believe, assert, and know probabilistic contents has significant consequences for many philosophical debates, including debates about the relationship between full belief and credence, the semantics of epistemic modals and conditionals, the contents of perceptual experience, peer disagreement, pragmatic encroachment, perceptual dogmatism, and transformative experience. In addition, accepting probabilistic knowledge can help us discredit negative evaluations of female speech, explain why merely statistical evidence is insufficient for legal proof, and identify epistemic norms violated by acts of racial profiling. Hence the central theses of this book not only help us better understand the nature of our own mental states, but also help us better understand the nature of our responsibilities to each other.
Communicative Action And Rational Choice
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Author : Joseph Heath
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2003-01-24
Communicative Action And Rational Choice written by Joseph Heath and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-01-24 with Philosophy categories.
In this book Joseph Heath brings Jürgen Habermas's theory of communicative action into dialogue with the most sophisticated articulation of the instrumental conception of practical rationality-modern rational choice theory. Heath begins with an overview of Habermas's action theory and his critique of decision and game theory. He then offers an alternative to Habermas's use of speech act theory to explain social order and outlines a multidimensional theory of rational action that includes norm-governed action as a specific type. In the second part of the book Heath discusses the more philosophical dimension of Habermas's conception of practical rationality. He criticizes Habermas's attempt to introduce a universalization principle governing moral discourse, as well as his criteria for distinguishing between moral and ethical problems. Heath offers an alternative account of the level of convergence exhibited by moral argumentation, drawing on game-theoretic models to specify the burden of proof that the theory of communicative action and discourse must assume.