Knowledge Flows In A Global Age
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Knowledge Flows In A Global Age
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Author : John Krige
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2022-09-05
Knowledge Flows In A Global Age written by John Krige and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-05 with Science categories.
A transnational approach to understanding and analyzing knowledge circulation. The contributors to this collection focus on what happens to knowledge and know-how at national borders. Rather than treating it as flowing like currents across them, or diffusing out from center to periphery, they stress the human intervention that shapes how knowledge is processed, mobilized, and repurposed in transnational transactions to serve diverse interests, constraints, and environments. The chapters consider both what knowledge travels and how it travels across borders of varying permeability that impede or facilitate its movement. They look closely at a variety of platforms and objects of knowledge, from tangible commodities—like hybrid wheat seeds, penicillin, Robusta coffee, naval weaponry, seed banks, satellites and high-performance computers—to the more conceptual apparatuses of plant phenotype data and statistics. Moreover, this volume decenters the Global North, tracking how knowledge moves along multiple paths across the borders of Mexico, India, Portugal, Guinea-Bissau, the Soviet Union, China, Angola, Palestine and the West Bank, as well as the United States and the United Kingdom. An important new work of transnational history, this collection recasts the way we understand and analyze knowledge circulation.
Knowledge Flows In A Global Age
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Author : John Krige
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2022-09-05
Knowledge Flows In A Global Age written by John Krige and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-05 with History categories.
"Viewing knowledge as travelling between sites, rather than flowing like currents through them or diffusing out from them, the contributors to this collection stress the human intention which shapes and drives how knowledge is processed, mobilized, and repurposed to serve differing and uneven interests, constraints, and environments. The chapters consider both what knowledge travels and how it travels across borders of varying permeability. They home in on a vast range of platforms and objects of knowledge, from tangible commodities--like hybrid wheat seeds, penicillin, Robusta coffee, naval weaponry, and high performance computers--to the more conceptual apparatuses of telecommunications, statistics, and food sovereignty. Moreover, this volume decenters the Global North in its focus, tracking how knowledge travels in all directions across the borders of Mexico, India, Portugal, Guinea-Bissau, the Soviet Union, China, Angola, and Palestine and the West Bank, as well as the US and the UK. The variety of kinds of knowledge that are addressed in the chapters brings forth an extraordinary array of state and non-state actors and institutions committed to performing the work needed to move knowledge across national borders"--
Analog Superpowers
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Author : Katherine C. Epstein
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2024-10-01
Analog Superpowers written by Katherine C. Epstein and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-01 with History categories.
A gripping history that spans law, international affairs, and top-secret technology to unmask the tension between intellectual property rights and national security. At the beginning of the twentieth century, two British inventors, Arthur Pollen and Harold Isherwood, became fascinated by a major military question: how to aim the big guns of battleships. These warships—of enormous geopolitical import before the advent of intercontinental missiles or drones—had to shoot in poor light and choppy seas at distant moving targets, conditions that impeded accurate gunfire. Seeing the need to account for a plethora of variables, Pollen and Isherwood built an integrated system for gathering data, calculating predictions, and transmitting the results to the gunners. At the heart of their invention was the most advanced analog computer of the day, a technological breakthrough that anticipated the famous Norden bombsight of World War II, the inertial guidance systems of nuclear missiles, and the networked “smart” systems that dominate combat today. Recognizing the value of Pollen and Isherwood’s invention, the British Royal Navy and the United States Navy pirated it, one after the other. When the inventors sued, both the British and US governments invoked secrecy, citing national security concerns. Drawing on a wealth of archival evidence, Analog Superpowers analyzes these and related legal battles over naval technology, exploring how national defense tested the two countries’ commitment to individual rights and the free market. Katherine C. Epstein deftly sets out Pollen’s and Isherwood’s pioneering achievements, the patent questions raised, the geopolitical rivalry between Britain and the United States, and the legal precedents each country developed to control military tools built by private contractors. Epstein’s account reveals that long before the US national security state sought to restrict information about atomic energy, it was already embroiled in another contest between innovation and secrecy. The America portrayed in this sweeping and accessible history isn’t yet a global hegemon but a rising superpower ready to acquire foreign technology by fair means or foul—much as it accuses China of doing today.
Towards Responsible Plant Data Linkage Data Challenges For Agricultural Research And Development
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Author : Hugh F. Williamson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-10-26
Towards Responsible Plant Data Linkage Data Challenges For Agricultural Research And Development written by Hugh F. Williamson and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-26 with Science categories.
This open access book provides the first systematic overview of existing challenges and opportunities for responsible data linkage, and a cutting-edge assessment of which steps need to be taken to ensure that plant data are ethically shared and used for the benefit of ensuring global food security – one of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. The volume focuses on the contemporary contours of such challenges through sustained engagement with current and historical initiatives and discussion of best practices and prospective future directions for ensuring responsible plant data linkage. The volume is divided into four sections that include case studies of plant data use and linkage in the context of particular research projects, breeding programs, and historical research. It address technical challenges of data linkage in developing key tools, standards and infrastructures, and examines governance challenges of data linkage in relation to socioeconomic and environmental research and data collection. Finally, the last section addresses issues raised by new data production and linkage methods for the inclusion of agriculture’s diverse stakeholders. This book brings together leading experts in data curation, data governance and data studies from a variety of fields, including data science, plant science, agricultural research, science policy, data ethics and the philosophy, history and social studies of plant science.
Globalizing Physics
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Author : Roberto Lalli
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-07-09
Globalizing Physics written by Roberto Lalli and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-09 with Science categories.
This is an open access book available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read on the Oxford Academic platform and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Following the centenary of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics, this volume features contributions from leading science historians from around the world on the changing roles of the institution in international affairs from its foundation in 1922 to the present. The case studies presented in this volume show the multitude of functions that IUPAP had and how these were related to the changing international political contexts. The book is divided into three parts. The first discusses the interwar period demonstrating how the exclusion of communities of the Central Powers from international scientific institutions imposed by victorious allied countries made IUPAP ineffective until the end of World War II. The second part analyzes the changing roles assumed by IUPAP starting from its complete renovation after World War II. Case studies covering the role of IUPAP in physics education, in metrology, in joint commissions with other unions and in defining the complex relations between pure and applied physics provide examples of IUPAP's impact on the world of science. Part III squarely addresses the science diplomacy aspects of IUPAP during the Cold War highlighting the importance of IUPAP in furthering diplomatic goals and explaining the origin of the pursuit of the free circulation of scientists as the activity that characterized the main function of international unions during the Cold War. Highlighting how often scientific agendas and political imperatives were entangled in the activities of IUPAP, the book analyzes the work of the Union as exercises of science diplomacy, thus contributing to the current debate on the use of science and technology in international relations.
Knowledge Regulation And National Security In Postwar America
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Author : Mario Daniels
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2022-04-25
Knowledge Regulation And National Security In Postwar America written by Mario Daniels and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-25 with History categories.
The first historical study of export control regulations as a tool for the sharing and withholding of knowledge. In this groundbreaking book, Mario Daniels and John Krige set out to show the enormous political relevance that export control regulations have had for American debates about national security, foreign policy, and trade policy since 1945. Indeed, they argue that from the 1940s to today the issue of how to control the transnational movement of information has been central to the thinking and actions of the guardians of the American national security state. The expansion of control over knowledge and know-how is apparent from the increasingly systematic inclusion of universities and research institutions into a system that in the 1950s and 1960s mainly targeted business activities. As this book vividly reveals, classification was not the only—and not even the most important—regulatory instrument that came into being in the postwar era.
The World As A Laboratory
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Author : Sotiria Grek
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-09-23
The World As A Laboratory written by Sotiria Grek and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-23 with Education categories.
This book covers the construction of international education research community in the 1950s-1990s, and the growth of its ‘disembedded’ laboratory i.e. networks, spaces, materiality, travelling, translations. The book follows a sociology of science theoretical framework in order to examine the research-archive of the Swedish internationally renowned educational scholar Torsten Husén (1916-2009). The archive reveals the shifting and heterogenous transnational networks that contribute to the development of social science research beyond fixed time and space dimensions, and that extends social science beyond individual ideas, researchers, environments, institutions and universities. These are practices that create, mobilise, sustain and challenge relations between actors in innovations, knowledge creation and various social activities. In other words, the archive represents the socio-material manifestation not only of the intellectual trajectory of a key education actor but the growing organisation of a whole scientific field at the time.
Interrogating Development
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Author : Gisela Mateos
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-05-26
Interrogating Development written by Gisela Mateos and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-05-26 with Social Science categories.
This volume explores the diverse meanings and ways of implementing development programs and technical assistance projects, through several case studies grounded in Mexico but transcending its geography. Despite – or perhaps because of – claims of “revolutionary nationalism”, Mexico played a crucial international role during the decades following World War II, both by challenging and enacting developmentalist models, values, and projects that stressed national priorities, resonating beyond its borders and even outside Latin America. Energy, irrigation, communication infrastructures, nuclear technologies, public health, and patents, are meaningful examples explored in this volume of the mobilisation of science and technologies understood in a broad sense, including not only the natural and social sciences, but also bureaucratic technologies that accompanied infrastructural and industrial projects. These case studies interrogate the specific agents and mechanisms of technical assistance put to work to meet local priorities, which in turn required and informed different international models and ideas of development.
The Politics Of Representation In The Global Age
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Author : Peter A. Hall
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-04-07
The Politics Of Representation In The Global Age written by Peter A. Hall and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-07 with Political Science categories.
This book argues that interests are actively forged through processes of politics. It develops an analytic framework for understanding how representation takes place - based on processes of identification, mobilization, and adjudication - and explores how these processes have evolved over time.
Globalized Knowledge Flows And Chinese Social Theory
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Author : Xiaoying Qi
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-01-21
Globalized Knowledge Flows And Chinese Social Theory written by Xiaoying Qi and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-21 with Social Science categories.
This book considers the nature and possibilities of conceptual change and transformation under conditions of globalization, especially with regard to Chinese social and cultural concepts. It argues that the influence of globalization promotes the spread of West European and American social science concepts and methods at the expense of local concepts and approaches, and at the same time (paradoxically) provides opportunities for the incorporation of local concepts, including Chinese concepts, into Western or mainstream social science.