L Enigme Du Don
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L Enigme Du Don
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Author : Maurice Godelier
language : fr
Publisher: Fayard
Release Date : 2014-04-01
L Enigme Du Don written by Maurice Godelier and has been published by Fayard this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-01 with Literary Criticism categories.
Pourquoi doit-on donner, pourquoi doit-on accepter ce que l'on vous donne, et, quand on a accepté, pourquoi faut-il rendre? Cet ouvrage évalue le rôle et l'importance du don dans le fonctionnement des sociétés et dans la constitution du lien social. Le terrain, bien entendu, n'était pas vierge: Marcel Mauss, le premier, l'avait défriché allant jusqu'à avancer l'idée que si les choses données sont rendues c'est qu'il y a dans la chose donnée un esprit qui la pousse à revenir entre les mains de son donateur originaire. L'hypothèse valut à Mauss la critique sévère de Claude Lévi-Strauss, qui lui reprocha d'avoir pris une théorie indigène pour une théorie scientifique et d'avoir manqué de reconnaître pleinement le fait que la société humaine entière est échange et que pour en comprendre le sens il faut partir du symbolique et de sa primauté sur l'imaginaire et le réel. La perspective générale adoptée par Maurice Godelier renouvelle profondément notre compréhension du don. Il analyse en effet les choses qu'on donne ou celles qu'on vend à partir des choses qu'on ne donne pas ou ne vend pas, des choses qu'on garde et que l'on doit garder, au premier rang desquelles les objets sacrés. Réanalysant les pratiques du potlatch et du kula sur lesquelles Mauss s'était appuyé, il montre que les énigmes auxquelles Mauss a été confronté se dissipent lorsque l'on comprend qu'il est tout à la fois possible de donner un objet et de le garder. Ce qui est donné, c'est le droit d'en user pour d'autres dons, ce qui est gardé c'est la propriété, inaliénable. Mais il faut encore expliquer pourquoi cette règle de droit s'applique aux objets précieux qu'on donne et non aux objets sacrés qu'on garde. La chose s'éclaire lorsqu'on fait apparaître ce qui est enfoui dans l'objet, l'imaginaire associé au pouvoir. Il apparaît donc que toute société renferme deux ensembles de réalités: les unes, soustraites à l'échange, aux dons, au marché, constituent autant de point fixes nécessaires pour que les autres circulent. Et c'est précisément la redéfinition des ancrages fondamentaux du fait social qui constitue la tâche majeure de la pensée politique aujourd'hui. Ancien directeur scientifique du Département des sciences de l'homme et de la société du CNRS, Prix international Alexander von Humboldt en sciences sociales, Maurice Godelier est directeur d'études à l'EHESS où il dirige le Centre de recherche et de documentation sur l'Océanie. Il a publié deux livres chez Fayard: La Production des Grands Hommes (1982), qui a reçu le Prix de l'Académie française, et L'Idéel et le matériel: Pensée, économies, sociétés (1984).
The Enigma Of The Gift
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Author : Maurice Godelier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
The Enigma Of The Gift written by Maurice Godelier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Social Science categories.
A reassessment of the function and importance of gifts in social life and in the constitution of social relations, based on the work of Marcel Mauss. In 1921 Mauss advanced a theory of the gift which drew sharp criticisms from Levi-Strauss, among others. Like earlier thinkers, the author analyses things one gives and things one sells; he begins, however, with those things that can be neither given nor sold, but which must be kept, chief among which are sacred objects. After a fresh analysis of the potlatch and the kula, which lay at the heart of Mauss's theory, he shows that the engimas which stymied Mauss are resolved once one sees that objects can be at the same time given and kept: what is given is the alienable right of usage, what is kept is the inalienable ownership. He then explains why this rule applies to valuables that are given, but not to sacred objects, which must be kept.
L Nigme Du Don
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Author : Maurice Godelier
language : fr
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
L Nigme Du Don written by Maurice Godelier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Baruya (Papua New Guinean people) categories.
Pourquoi doit-on donner ? Pourquoi doit-on accepter ce que l'on vous donne ? Et, quand on a accepté, pourquoi faut-il rendre ? Cet ouvrage évalue le rôle et l'importance du don dans le fonctionnement des sociétés et dans la constitution du lien social. Un terrain jadis défriché par Marcel Mauss et que Maurice Godelier examine dans une perspective nouvelle : analysant les choses qu'on donne à partir des choses qu'on se doit de garder - au premier rang desquelles figurent les objets sacrés -, il montre que l'on peut tout à la fois donner un objet et le garder, et fait apparaître ce qui est enfoui en lui : l'imaginaire associé au pouvoir. Ainsi, toute société renferme deux ensembles de réalités : les unes soustraites à l'échange, au don, au marché, constituent autant de points fixes nécessaires pour que les autres circulent. Et c'est précisément la redéfinition des ancrages fondamentaux du fait social qui constitue la tâche majeure de la pensée politique aujourd'hui.
Xenophon And The Graces Of Power
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Author : Vincent Azoulay
language : en
Publisher: Classical Press of Wales
Release Date : 2018-12-31
Xenophon And The Graces Of Power written by Vincent Azoulay and has been published by Classical Press of Wales this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-31 with History categories.
One of classical Greece's most worldly and lucid writers, Xenophon across his many works gave a restless criticism of power: democratic, oligarchic and autocratic. From military campaigns (in which he took part), through the great powers of his day (Sparta, Persia, Athens) to modes of control within the household, he observed intimately and often with partisan passion. In this work a leading French Hellenist, Vincent Azoulay, analyses across Xenophon's diverse texts the techniques by which the Greek writer recommends that leaders should manipulate. Through gifts and personal allure, though mystique, dazzling appearance, exemplary behaviour, strategic absences - and occasional terror, Xenophon analyses ways in which a powerful few might triumphantly replace the erratic democracies and self-indulgent oligarchies of his day. First published in French (in 2004) to international acclaim, this book is here translated for the first time, revised and updated.
The Scope Of Anthropology
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Author : Laurent Dousset
language : en
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Release Date : 2012
The Scope Of Anthropology written by Laurent Dousset and has been published by Berghahn Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Social Science categories.
Some of the most prominent social and cultural anthropologists have come together in this volume to discuss Maurice Godelier's work. They explore and revisit some of the highly complex practices and structures social scientists encounter in their fieldwork. From the nature-culture debate to the fabrication of hereditary political systems, from transforming gender relations to the problems of the Christianization of indigenous peoples, these chapters demonstrate both the diversity of anthropological topics and the opportunity for constructive dialogue around shared methodological and theoretical models.
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Odile Jacob
Release Date :
written by and has been published by Odile Jacob this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Food Drink And Identity In Europe
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Author : Thomas M. Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Rodopi
Release Date : 2006
Food Drink And Identity In Europe written by Thomas M. Wilson and has been published by Rodopi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with History categories.
Scholars across the humanities and social sciences are increasingly examining the importance of consumption to changing notions of local, regional, national and supranational identity in Europe. As part of this interest, anthropologists, historians, sociologists and others have paid particular attention to the roles which food and drink have played in the construction of local, regional and national identity in Europe. This volume provides the first multidisciplinary look at the contributions which food and alcohol make to contemporary European identities, including the part they play in processes of European integration and Europeanization. It provides theoretically informed ethnographic and historical case studies of transformations and continuity in social and cultural patterns in the production and consumption of European foods and drinks, in order to explore how eating and drinking have helped to construct various local, regional and national identities in Europe. Of particular note in this volume is its attention to how food and drink intersect with recent attempts to foster greater European integration, in part through the recognition and support of common and diverse European cultures and identities.
Giving Blood
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Author : Johanne Charbonneau
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-07-24
Giving Blood written by Johanne Charbonneau and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-24 with Health & Fitness categories.
Giving Blood represents a new agenda for blood donation research. It explores the diverse historical and contemporary undercurrents that influence how blood donation takes place, and the social meanings that people attribute to the act of giving blood. Drawing from empirical studies conducted in the United States, Canada, France, Australia, China, India, Latin America and Africa, the book’s chapters turn our attention to the evolution of blood donation worldwide, examining: the impact of technology advances on blood collection practices the shifting approaches to donor recruitment and retention the governance and policy issues associated with the establishment of blood clinics the political and legal challenges of regulating blood systems. This innovative examination moves the focus from individual explanations of rates of blood donation to a social, structural explanation. It will appeal to international scholars and students working in the areas of sociology, medical anthropology, health care, public policy, socio-legal studies, comparative politics, organizational management, health and illness, the history of medicine, and public health ethics.
Isla 1
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Author : Tetsuji Yamamoto
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 1998
Isla 1 written by Tetsuji Yamamoto and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with History categories.
This volume presents original writings and interviews with prominent thinkers on the front lines of an international intellectual effort to reconsider the fundamental terms of modernity and promote a philosophical design that reconsiders the significance of modernity itself.
The Changing South Pacific
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Author : Serge Tcherkézoff
language : en
Publisher: ANU E Press
Release Date : 2008-12-01
The Changing South Pacific written by Serge Tcherkézoff and has been published by ANU E Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-01 with Social Science categories.
The texts collected in this volume take an anthropological approach to the variety of contemporary societal problems which confront the peoples of the contemporary South Pacific: religious revival, the sociology of relations between local groups, regions and nation-States, the problem of culture areas, the place of democracy in the transition of States founded on sacred chiefdoms, the role of ceremonial exchanges in a market economy, and so forth. Each chapter presents a society seen from a specific point of view, but always with reference to the issue of collective identity and its confrontation with history and change. The collection thus invites the reader to understand how the inhabitants of these societies seek to affirm both an individual identity and a sense of belonging to the contemporary world. In doing so, it informs the reader about the contemporary realities experienced by the inhabitants of the South Pacific, with a view to contributing to an intercultural dialogue between the reader and these inhabitants.