Learning How To Recover From Stress Related Disorders Via Internet Based Interventions
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Learning How To Recover From Stress Related Disorders Via Internet Based Interventions
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Author : Robert Persson Asplund
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2021-01-18
Learning How To Recover From Stress Related Disorders Via Internet Based Interventions written by Robert Persson Asplund and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-18 with Electronic books categories.
Stress has become one of the major challenges of modern society, especially within the working population, causing significant costs and personal problems. However, the range of prevention and treatment is not at all proportionate to the needs of the public. Internet provides new options for broad dissemination and a growing body of evidence suggest that internet-based interventions for stress could be effective. However, few studies have examined the efficacy in clinical samples or how participants experience these new treatment delivery formats. Further, only a limited number of studies have evaluated the efficacy of work-focused stress interventions on work-related outcomes (e.g., absenteeism), and if recovery has the potential in stress-prevention. In the present thesis, internet-based cognitive behavioural stress interventions (iCBT), designed to reduce symptoms of stress and increase recovery and workparticipation among 117 managers and 260 employees, were evaluated in three randomized controlled trials (Study I, III and IV) and a qualitative study (Study II). Results of Study I and III indicate that the iCBT for managers and employees with stress-related disorders was effective in reducing symptoms of chronic stress. In Study III effects on work-related outcomes, e.g., work ability and absenteeism, were only seen in the work-focused iCBT. In Study II, participants found the work-focused iCBT to be accessible and feasible and reported positive experiences on stress and well-being in both life and at work. Finally, preliminary results in Study IV suggest that recovery experiences, an important protective factor against chronic stress, could be improved by a brief internet-based recovery intervention. In conclusion, if implemented, these relatively brief and accessible interventions could be a feasible way to increase access to treatment and learning distressed employees and others how to prevent and recover from stress-related disorders.
Just Know It
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Author : Matilda Berg
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2021-02-23
Just Know It written by Matilda Berg and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-23 with categories.
The role of explicit, declarative knowledge in general health care and in psychotherapy is a growing field of research. In many areas of healthcare, knowledge is regarded as an important factor for successful interventions. Participants within mental-health interventions should ideally gain knowledge about their specific conditions and strategies to improve, in order to manage their problems in more helpful ways. In Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), explicit knowledge is a core feature when treating clients and educating them about their symptoms, problems and potential solutions. Still, the role of knowledge and its relation to treatment outcome within CBT treatments is unclear. CBT administered over the internet (ICBT), is mainly based on psychoeducative texts and thus provides a suitable format for an initial evaluation of explicit knowledge within a clinical research context. The role of explicit knowledge could be of particular importance in the study of younger target groups, who probably have their first treatment experience. Their knowledge gain and its use could be of importance both as separate constructs but also in relation to symptom reduction following treatment. The overarching aim of this thesis was to explore the role of explicit knowledge in internet-delivered CBT for adolescents with depression and anxiety. Study I explored the role of explicit knowledge in a randomised controlled trial with adolescents suffering from primary depression. A knowledge test was constructed and administered at pre- and post-treatment. Results showed that explicit knowledge and certainty of knowledge about depression, anxiety and CBT increased during treatment, but that these variables were unrelated to treatment outcome. Lower pre-treatment knowledge levels (certainty) however predicted greater improvement in depressive symptoms. Study II describes the procedure of developing a new knowledge test in the context of ICBT for adolescents with depression and anxiety. An explorative factor analysis was performed and resulted in a three-factor solution with the following factors: Act in aversive states, Using positive reinforcement, and Shifting attention. The procedure presented could illustrate one way of creating a test for knowledge evaluation in ICBT, but its clinical use needs to be evaluated further. In Study III, participants from a randomised controlled trial of ICBT for adolescent depression were asked about their acquired knowledge and knowledge use six months later. Qualitative methodology (thematic analysis) was used. The results showed two overarching ways that clients can remember and relate to CBT-principles after treatment; one more explicit way related to the active application of CBT principles, and another vague way of recalling treatment content and the passive usage of CBT. Both ways of recalling CBT principles were related to experiencing the treatment as helpful. Study IV evaluated the role of learning strategies and chat-sessions in ICBT for adolescents with anxiety and depression. A total of 120 adolescents were randomised to one of four treatment groups, in a 2x2 factorial design with the two factors: with or without learning support and/or chat-sessions. Overall, the results showed general reductions of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and increased knowledge levels. Participants receiving learning strategies during treatment obtained more immediate benefits in treatment outcome and knowledge levels, but at six months follow-up participants without learning support had reached equal amounts of knowledge and symptom reduction. Chat-sessions did not add any effect on treatment outcome or knowledge levels. In conclusion, this thesis suggests that explicit knowledge is a construct that is independent of symptom reduction and increases during ICBT treatments for adolescents with depression and anxiety. Increased knowledge, and increased certainty of knowledge, are valuable outcomes since CBT emphasises educating clients about symptoms, therapeutic principles, and strategies that they can remember and use later on. The lack of association between explicit knowledge gain and symptom reduction could indicate that explicit knowledge is a necessary but insufficient factor for symptom reduction. Adding learning strategies within a treatment programme could be of importance for enhancing short-term treatment effects. There is a continued need for more research on the role of knowledge in ICBT, both as an outcome and as a way to improve treatment effects. The findings in this thesis however suggest that research on explicit knowledge is important to understand what makes ICBT work. Explicit kunskap och dess roll i psykoterapi är ett växande forskningsområde. I kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) har explicit kunskap en kärnfunktion då man behandlar klienter och utbildar dem om deras symptom, problemområden och potentiella lösningar. Trots detta är kunskapens roll och dess relation till behandlingsresultat vid KBT oklar. KBT som administreras via internet (IKBT) baseras huvudsakligen på psykoedukativa texter, och kan således vara ett lämpligt format för en initial utvärdering av explicit kunskap. Syftet med denna avhandling var att undersöka om kunskap ökar under IKBT för tonåringar med depression och ångest, dess relation till behandlingsutfall, och om lärandestöd kan öka effekten av behandling. De fyra inkluderade studierna visar att explicit kunskap är ett unikt konstrukt som, oberoende av symtomminskning, ökar under behandling. Deltagare kan komma ihåg behandlingsinnehåll och uppleva KBT kunskap som användbart i deras vardag. Detta är ett värdefullt resultat då KBT betonar vikten av att utbilda klienter om symtom, principer och strategier som de kan komma ihåg och använda. Ett nytt kunskapstest utvecklades och validerades initialt för potentiell användning i framtida kliniska studier. En av studierna visade, via experimentell design, att lärandestöd i behandlingsmoduler kan förbättra kortvariga behandlingseffekter. Sammanfattningsvis är forskning om explicit kunskap viktigt för att förstå vad som får IKBT att fungera.
Looking Into The Future
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Author : Carl-Johan Uckelstam
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2021-01-21
Looking Into The Future written by Carl-Johan Uckelstam and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-21 with categories.
Psychotherapy research has shifted from mainly focusing on the average effects of different treatments to concentrating more on questions related to the individual patient. When research attention shifts, it can give rise to the implementation of new statistical methods that, in turn, can illuminate new challenges that must be addressed. The aim of the thesis was to study how traditional methods for predicting certain psychotherapy outcomes have been conducted in the past, and how more advanced statistical methods might be used to enhance knowledge of how to predict these outcomes today. Three studies were performed: Paper I focused on how Multi Level Modeling (MLM) can be used to study certain aspects of the relationship between working alliance and treatment outcome. In Paper II, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) and item-level analysis were used to give nuance to the relationship between psychological distress at baseline and change rate during treatment. Finally, in Paper III, Machine Learning (ML) was used to detect dropout patients in the early phase of treatment by exploring complex patterns of symptom distress during the early phase of treatment. The thesis showed how different goals of scientific exploration can be studied in the context of routine care with the use of these statistical frameworks and discussed some of the challenges and opportunities worth noting when entering this line of research. Psykoterapiforskning har på senare tid gått från att fokusera på genomsnittliga effekter av olika behandlingsinriktningar, till att inrikta sig mer mot den enskilda patienten. När fokus förflyttas på det här sättet kan det leda till att nya statistiska metoder behöver tillämpas vilket i sin tur kan leda till nya utmaningar för psykoterapiforskaren. Syftet med avhandlingen var att undersöka hur traditionella statistiska metoder har använts för att studera olika typer av psykoterapiutfall i rutinmässig vård, och hur mer avancerade statistiska metoder kan tillämpas för att öka kunskapen om hur dessa utfall kan prediceras. Tre studier genomfördes. Studie I fokuserade på hur flernivåanalys kan användas för att studera relationen mellan arbetsallians och behandlingsutfall. I studie II användes latent profilanalys för att studera sambandet mellan psykologiska besvär vid det första besöket och symptomförändring under behandlingens gång. Slutligen, I studie III, tillämpades maskininlärning för att upptäcka patienter med risk att hoppa av behandlingen i förtid. Sammanfattningsvis belystes i avhandlingen hur olika typer av vetenskapliga frågeställningar kan studeras i en klinisk kontext med hjälp av dessa statistiska ramverk samt några av de fördelar och begräsningar som är viktiga att notera när de tillämpas.
Encyclopedia Of Trauma
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Author : Charles R. Figley
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2012-06-19
Encyclopedia Of Trauma written by Charles R. Figley and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-19 with Psychology categories.
Trauma is defined as a sudden, potentially deadly experience, often leaving lasting, troubling memories. Traumatology (the study of trauma, its effects, and methods to modify effects) is exploding in terms of published works and expanding in terms of scope. Originally a narrow specialty within emergency medicine, the field now extends to trauma psychology, military psychiatry and behavioral health, post-traumatic stress and stress disorders, trauma social work, disaster mental health, and, most recently, the subfield of history and trauma, with sociohistorical examination of long-term effects and meanings of major traumas experienced by whole communities and nations, both natural (Pompeii, Hurricane Katrina) and man-made (the Holocaust, 9/11). One reason for this expansion involves important scientific breakthroughs in detecting the neurobiology of trauma that is connecting biology with human behavior, which in turn, is applicable to all fields involving human thought and response, including but not limited to psychiatry, medicine and the health sciences, the social and behavioral sciences, the humanities, and law. Researchers within these fields and more can contribute to a universal understanding of immediate and long-term consequences–both good and bad–of trauma, both for individuals and for broader communities and institutions. Trauma encyclopedias published to date all center around psychological trauma and its emotional effects on the individual as a disabling or mental disorder requiring mental health services. This element is vital and has benefited from scientific and professional breakthroughs in theory, research, and applications. Our encyclopedia certainly will cover this central element, but our expanded conceptualization will include the other disciplines and will move beyond the individual.
Computers And Games For Mental Health And Well Being
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Author : Yasser Khazaal
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-07-12
Computers And Games For Mental Health And Well Being written by Yasser Khazaal and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-12 with Video games in education categories.
Recent years have seen important developments in the computer and game industry, including the emergence of the concept of serious games. It is hypothesized that tools such as games, virtual reality, or applications for smartphones may foster learning, enhance motivation, promote behavioral change, support psychotherapy, favor empowerment, and improve some cognitive functions. Computers and games may create supports for training or help people with cognitive, emotional, or behavioral change. Games take various formats, from board games to informatics to games with interactive rules of play. Similarly, computer tools may vary widely in format, from self-help or assisted computerized training to virtual reality or applications for smartphones. Some tools that may be helpful for mental health were specifically designed for that goal, whereas others were not. Gamification of computer-related products and games with a numeric format tend to reduce the gap between games and computers tools and increase the conceptual synergy in such fields. Games and computer design share an opportunity for creativity and innovation to help create, specifically design, and assess preventive or therapeutic tools. Computers and games share a design conception that allows innovative approaches to overcome barriers of the real world by creating their own rules. Yet, despite the potential interest in such tools to improve treatment of mental disorders and to help prevent them, the field remains understudied and information is under-disseminated in clinical practice. Some studies have shown, however, that there is potential interest and acceptability of tools that support various vehicles, rationales, objectives, and formats. These tools include traditional games (e.g., chess games), popular electronic games, board games, computer-based interventions specifically designed for psychotherapy or cognitive training, virtual reality, apps for smartphones, and so forth. Computers and games may offer a true opportunity to develop, assess, and disseminate new prevention and treatment tools for mental health and well-being. Currently, there is a strong need for state-of-the-art information to answer questions such as the following: Why develop such tools for mental health and well-being? What are the potential additions to traditional treatments? What are the best strategies or formats to improve the possible impact of these tools? Are such tools useful as a first treatment step? What is the potential of a hybrid model of care that combines traditional approaches with games and/or computers as tools? What games and applications have already been designed and studied? What is the evidence from previous studies? How can such tools be successfully designed for mental health and well-being? What is rewarding or attractive for patients in using such treatments? What are the worldwide developments in the field? Are some protocols under development? What are the barriers and challenges related to such developments? How can these tools be assessed, and how can the way that they work, and for whom, be measured? Are the potential benefits of such products specific, or can these additions be attributed to nonspecific factors? What are the users’ views on such tools? What are the possible links between such tools and social networks? Is there a gap between evidence-based results and market development? Are there any quality challenges? What future developments and studies are needed in the field?
Recovery And Major Mental Disorders
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Author : Bernardo Carpiniello
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-30
Recovery And Major Mental Disorders written by Bernardo Carpiniello and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-30 with Medical categories.
The book provides a clear and comprehensive description of both personal and clinical recovery in severe mental disorders, including schizophrenia and related disorders, and mood disorders such as major depression and bipolar disorders. Divided into two main parts: recovery in schizophrenia and related disorders, and recovery in mood disorders, it offers a broad overview of the factors associated with better or worse outcomes in terms of recovery, as well as the rates (how many people affected by mental disorders may gain recovery), and the time course (how long people affected by mental disorders take to recover) of recovery. It also discusses in detail the pharmacological and psychosocial interventions that can be considered recovery-oriented. Covering the main aspects of recovery in major mental disorders, the book is intended for professionals, scholars, students and anyone interested in mental health.
Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Organizational Transformation
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Author : S. Balamurugan
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2022-01-20
Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Organizational Transformation written by S. Balamurugan and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-20 with Computers categories.
IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON ORGANIZATIONAL TRANSFORMATION Discusses the impact of AI on organizational transformation which is a mix of computational techniques and management practices, with in-depth analysis about the role of automation & data management, and strategic management in relation to human capital, procurement & production, finance, and marketing. The impact of AI in restructuring organizational processes is a combination of management practices and computational technology. This book covers the areas like artificial intelligence & its impact on professions, as well as machine learning algorithms and technologies. The context of applications of AI in business process innovation primarily includes new business models, AI readiness and maturity at the organizational, technological, financial, and cultural levels. The book has extensive details on machine learning and the applications such as robotics, blockchain, Internet of Things. Also discussed are the influence of AI on financial strategies and policies, human skills & values, procurement innovation, production innovation, AI in marketing & sales platforms. Audience Readers include those working in artificial intelligence, business management studies, technology engineers, senior executives, and human resource managers in all types of business.
Handbook Of Ptsd
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Author : Matthew J. Friedman
language : en
Publisher: Guilford Publications
Release Date : 2023-11
Handbook Of Ptsd written by Matthew J. Friedman and has been published by Guilford Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11 with Medical categories.
Now in an extensively revised third edition with 65% new material, this is the authoritative reference on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Contributors examine the breadth of current knowledge on the mechanisms by which stressful events can alter psychological processes, brain function, and individual behavior. Risk and protective factors across development and in specific populations are explored. Reviewing the state of the science of assessment and treatment, the volume covers early intervention and evidence-based individual, couple/family, and group therapies. Conceptual and diagnostic issues are addressed and key questions for the next generation of researchers are identified. New to This Edition *Thoroughly revised to reflect the accelerating pace of scientific and clinical progress; includes a range of new authors. *Chapters on new topics: treatment of PTSD with comorbid disorders, and postmortem brain banking. *New chapters on previously covered topics, including DSM-5 and ICD-11 diagnostic criteria, the psychoneurobiology of resilience, and challenges in implementing clinical best practices. *New or updated discussions of such timely issues as treatment of refugees, telemental health, and technology-based interventions.
Textbook Of Disaster Psychiatry
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Author : Robert J. Ursano
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-05-23
Textbook Of Disaster Psychiatry written by Robert J. Ursano and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-23 with Medical categories.
This book presents a decade of advances in the psychological, biological and social responses to disasters, helping medics and leaders prepare and react.
Handbook Of Ptsd Second Edition
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Author : Matthew J. Friedman
language : en
Publisher: Guilford Publications
Release Date : 2015-10-20
Handbook Of Ptsd Second Edition written by Matthew J. Friedman and has been published by Guilford Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-20 with Psychology categories.
Widely regarded as the definitive reference, this handbook brings together foremost authorities on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Diagnostic, conceptual, and treatment issues are reviewed in depth. The volume examines the causes and mechanisms of PTSD on multiple levels, from psychological processes to genes and neurobiology. Risk and resilience processes are addressed across development and in specific populations. Contributors describe evidence-based assessment and treatment approaches as well as promising emerging interventions. The integrative concluding chapter identifies key unanswered questions with important implications for science and practice. New to This Edition *Reflects major research advances and the new diagnostic criteria in DSM-5. *Chapters on the dissociative subtype of PTSD, child assessment, couple and family therapies, and group treatments. *Chapters on research methods, Internet-based interventions, telemental health, and implementation of best practices. *Many new authors and extensively revised chapters.